IV. Single out the main points of the texts.

V. Sum up the contents of the dialogues.

VI. Practise these words and word combinations.

a claim; to claim; to claim from; to make a claim on; to consider; to admit; to decline; to withdraw; to meet a claim

a) Answer these questions.

1. Do your customers often make claims on you? Why do claims arise? 2. You always settle your customers' claim in an amicable way, don't you? Do you have to negotiate them? 3. Do your customers sometimes claim compensation for their losses from you? Do you always consider the claims thoroughly? Do you admit them as justified or do you decline them? 4. When do you always meet their claims? Are claims always met in full? 5. What do your claims arise from? 6. Do you think claims are most undesir­able in business?

b) Translate into English.

1. Мы предъявили фирме претензию в связи с задержкой в открытии аккредитива. 2. Когда вы предъявили претензию транспортному агент­ству? 3. Фирма отказалась удовлетворить претензию. 4. Мы рассмотре­ли вашу претензию и считаем ее необоснованной. 5. Мы требуем от них уплаты ... долларов. 6. Претензия рассмотрена? — Нет еще. 7. Ваша претензия на сумму в ... долларов только что получена.

c) Act out these flashes of conversation using the substitutions for the words in italics.

1. A. Your claim for compensation comes as a bit of a surprise. I don't

think we'll be able to meet it. B. Let me explain things to you first. I'm sure you'll find it justified.

Substitutions: damages; penalty; $ 10000; fair; reasonable; correct

2. A. I suggest that you make a claim on the carrier.

B. We'll do that as soon as we get things straight. What I mean is we haven't got enough facts now.

Substitutions: the subcontractors; the agents; the company

to arise; to arise from i) Answer these questions.

1. What do claims usually arise from? 2. Did you have any difficulties in buying goods from your partners? What did they arise from? 3. Do you sometimes have difficulties with payments? What do they arise from? 4. What difficulties arose during the execution of design work under one of your recent contracts? 5. What difficulties may arise from lack of shipping facilities?

b) Translate into English.

1. Все трудности, возникшие в период поставки товара, были устра­нены. 2. Все споры, возникшие в ходе выполнения контракта, были уре­гулированы дружеским путем. 3. Из-за чего возник спор? 4. По­вреждение товара возникло из-за небрежного обращения с ним. 5. За­казчик понес серьезные убытки, возникшие в связи с задержкой пуска завода в эксплуатацию.

c) Act out this flash of conversation making the substitutions for the word in italics.

A. How did the trouble arise?

B. Well, as it turned out the machine arrived defective and we over­ looked it.

A. Shall we sustain losses?

B. I don't think so. We'll repair it ourselves, that'll speed things all around.

Substitutions: the part; the shaft (вал); the replaced part; the spare part

short-shipment; short delivery; short shipped/delivered a) Answer these questions.

1. Short-shipment (delivery) is a common cause for claims, isn't it? Is it the case with your office too? 2. Who is usually responsible for short delivery? Can it happen through an oversight? 3. Do your customers claim compensation for short delivery? 4. Does the contract penalty clause cover short-shipment too? In what way?

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b) Translate into English.

1. Трудности возникли в связи с недопоставкой двух станков; кроме того, один станок прибыл в поврежденном состоянии. 2. Как вы решите вопрос с недопоставкой товара? 3. Вам придется платить компенсацию за недопоставленные компьютеры; заказчик несет убытки. 4. Недо­поставка материалов вызвала простой в работе. Нам придется потре­бовать уплаты штрафа.

to be (feel) entitled to

a) Answer these questions.

1. In what cases are you entitled to compensation? 2. When do you feel entitled to an extension of contract (prolongation of delivery dates, work)? 3. What is your customer entitled to if the equipment is damaged (late, missing, short-shipped, has manufacturing defects)? 4. What are you entitled to if the buyer infringes some of the contractual obligations (fails to effect payments in time)?

b) Act out this flash of conversation making the substitutions for the word and phrase in italics.

A. We'll have to claim penalties from you for delays in commissioning.

B. I don't think you're entitled to it. True, we had to suspend work for four months but that was the result of force-majeure circumstances.

A. Things are not as simple as that.

B. If that's what you think let's look into the matter thoroughly.

Substitutions: damages; compensation; a huge amount; retention money; adequate sums; the fire; the earthquake; the flood; the general strike; the hostilities in the area

the firm damage, injuries during the worker the accident

for

us losses, delays in deliv- our office ery?

to compensate smb for smth; compensation for a) Make up sentences using the words from the table.

1. The firm compensated

2. When will you com­pensate

b) Act out this flash of conversation making the substitutions for the phrase in italics.

A. Is everything О. K. now?

B. Not quite. We are still claiming compensation for the down time.

Substitutions: failure to provide the construction materials; lack of data; inadequate accommodation

c) Translate into English.

1. Оборудование не было повреждено в пути, поэтому вы не имеете права на компенсацию. 2. Мы оставим у себя товар в качестве ком­пенсации за понесенные нами потери. 3. Вам придется компенсировать нам расходы, возникшие в связи с устранением производственных де­фектов. 4. Данная сумма является компенсацией наших потерь из-за плохого качества товара.

VII. Compare the style of these phrases.

Phrases from a business letter: the dissatisfied party

complaints arise from ...

if the latter fails to meet

the contractual dates

dates for having the project ready

for commercial operation on checking the goods received

which caused us considerable in­convenience in view of the bad need for the goods we feel entitled to claim damages

Phrases from a business talk:

the people (person) who are (is) un­happy (about smth)

there are complaints because ...

if the contractor does not meet

the dates of the contract

when the project should be ready for commercial operation

when we checked the goods which arrived

we had a difficult time

as we need the goods badly we understand that we have a right to damages

VIII. Fill in prepositions or adverbs wherever necessary. Discuss the letter.

May 22, 20... Dear Sirs,

We are writing ... reply ... your letter ... May 19... claiming ... us ... connection ... a delay ... commissioning the plant.

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Since you are claiming penalties ... the delay ... the fixed rates we feel obliged to bring... your notice some ... the important contractual provisions which have full bearing on the situation.

1. ... the Contract you were expected to provide the construction site ... one month ... signing the Contract. That, however, was delayed ... two months which was fully your responsibility causing later start ... the con­struction work. ... September, 20... we wrote to the effect indicating that we were entitled ... an extension ... the Contract ... the period involved.

2. Another delay ... two months arose ... your failure to accommodate our erection engineers ... full conformity ... Article 12 ... the Contract. This, according ... you, occurred ... an oversight .. your housing manager who was responsible ... renting appropriate lodgings. The matter was brought... for discussion ... negotiations, when we emphasized our right ... an exten­sion, and was minuted down accordingly.

We feel certain that you will take ... account the above and reconsider your position. ... our part we find the claim totally unjustified and would request you to withdraw it... delay.

Yours faithfully,

to have full bearing on иметь непо- lodgings жилье

средственное отношение к to minute down запротоколировать

to the effect по данному вопросу

IX. Fill in articles or possessive pronouns wherever necessary. Discuss the letter.

December 2, 20... Dear Sirs,

We have received ... letter of November 24, 20... from which we are sur­prised to learn of... claim in connection with ... delay in delivering tools for ... plant. In ... letter you write that you feel entitled to claim damages at... rate of 0.5% of... cost of... equipment in question per ... month of delay.

We have considered ... claim and cannot admit it as justified for... rea­sons you will find stated below.

While discussing division of supplies at ... early stage of business we found you unwilling to accept delivery of the tools from our company. You, let us know at that time that ... equipment was scheduled to be procured from a third party.

Under ... para 4.54 of... Contract you were expected to let us have ... additional initial data on ... equipment in question within three months of... date of enquiry.... information however did not reach us until... end of July. It came with ... month's delay and turned out to be incomplete through ... oversight of... dispatch service. That caused ... total delay of four months for which you cannot hold us responsible.

With reference to ... Clause 12.5 of... Contract we request you to grant us ... extension of... delivery dates meanwhile withdrawing ... claim as en­tirely unsubstantiated.

We wish to maintain good business relations with you at all times.

Yours faithfully,

tools n pi инструменты dispatch service отдел отправки

equipment in question оборудование, документов о котором идет речь

X. Choose the correct word from those given in brackets.

1. The contractor ... to pay agreed and liquidated damages because of delay in commissioning since the delay was caused by force majeure cir­cumstances, (to refuse, to decline) 2. When can a claim be ...? (to refuse, to decline) 3.... me but could you tell me the way to Euston station? (to apolo­gize, to excuse) 4. No doubt you must... to him for your tactless behaviour, (to excuse, to apologize) 5. Owing to the ... , the goods could not be in­stalled at once, (damage, damages, losses) 6. The ... sustained by the buyer reached a considerable sum. (damage, damages, losses) 7. Since you have delayed opening a L/C we are entitled to claim ... from you. (damage, da­mages, losses) 8. We always ... our contractual obligations to the satisfac­tion of our customers, (to fulfil, to execute, to carry out) 9. The buyer ... compensation for the losses sustained by his company, (to claim, to require, to demand) 10. The workers... that the company should increase their wages, (to claim, to demand, to require) 11. The supplier had to ... extra storage expenses as the customer delayed opening a L/C. (to bear, to sustain) 12. The losses they ... amounted to 3% of the contract price, (to bear, to sustain)

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XI. Tanslate the following word combinations into English and make up sentences using them.

от оборудования, не соответствующего тех­ ническим требованиям отказаться уплатить неустойку

от предложения от мысли убедить кого-л.

неустойку

товар

требовать(ся)

объяснение

время

рабочих

повышения ставок

компенсацию за убытки

предложить

свои услуги для участия в тендере услуги в качестве агентов принять меры для завершения проектных ра­бот в срок

кредит

право

пред(о)ставить

документы на рассмотрение

фирму на выставке

себе последствия

нового работника конторы директору

опыт

дело в арбитраж

рабочие чертежи фирме

передавать

инструкции по перевозке негабаритного обо

рудования привет

поручение кому-л. новости кому-л.

XII. Read these letters and do the assignments given below each of them.

1. May 28, 20...

Dear Sirs,

With reference to your letter No. ... of May 20, 20... we should like to bring to your notice that we have thoroughly investigated the position with the Manufacturers.

It has become clear that all the parts which you consider short-shipped were delivered by the plants in strict conformity with the technical specifi­cations. We believe it would be wise to trace the parts in question since they might have been packed in other cases. If you are unable to find the parts we request you to forward your information indicating the description of the parts, drawing No., quantity, etc.

As regards the damaged parts we believe that the damage may have occurred in transit or during unloading at... port. In view of this we suggest you apply to the insurance company to cover the losses sustained.

Yours faithfully,

trace v проследить (ход оборудова- wise а разумный ния, документа и т. д.)

Hold the talks along these lines.

After tracing the parts the buyer still finds some of them missing. Come to terms with him about the replacement.

2. October 10, 20... Dear Sirs,

Kindly find enclosed 2 copies of our claim made in connection with short­shipment of parts for Machine-tools Model M-9 delivered under Contract No....

You will remember that in view of the urgent need for the parts we have informed you several times that unless the parts are delivered soon we shall have to get them elsewhere. Since you failed to deliver the equipment in question we, in order to fulfil the production programme, had to obtain the necessary parts from indigenous sources and hence the supply of the short-shipped parts has now become unnecessary.

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In this connection you are requested to send us your approval for our deducting the amount of... (the estimated value of the obtained parts) from the sums due to you under our contract.

We hope you will be agreeable to the solution and we shall settle our claim in an amicable way.

Yours faithfully,

indigenous а местный to be agreeable to соглашаться на

Hold the talks along these tines.

On behalf of the seller ... explain the reason for the delay in delivery of the parts, and request the buyer to accept the parts as they have already been dispached. Come to terms about the expenses involved.

3. April 15, 20...

Dear Sirs,

We are sorry to have to complain about the short-shipment of parts for Time Relays delivered by you last year under Contract No

Knowing how careful you are in executing our contract we decided not to open intact cases and not to check their contents on their arrival at the client's site.

Unfortunately when we started erecting the Time Relays we found that cases 20 and 21, outwardly in sound condition, contained only half the parts entered on the packing lists and also on the invoice.

We know that under our contract we have the right to make claims in connection with short delivery within 9 months of the date of delivery of respective consignment.

However, in this particular case, we ask you to look into the matter and consider our complaint. We shall be obliged to you if you will arrange for speedy delivery of the missing parts.

Yours faithfully,

intact а целый, неповрежденный in sound condition в хорошем co-

contents n содержимое (ящика) стоянии

Hold the talks along these lines.

Explain to your buyer your opinion on the matter. Discuss in particular the point of sending replacement.

4. June 2, 20...

Dear Sirs,

We have given careful attention to your letter of May 20, 20... claiming penalties from us for the delay in commissioning the Plant.

A thorough study of the situation gives ample ground to regard your claim as fully unjustified for various reasons.

As early as in August, 20... we informed you of a forced delay in our placing orders for the equipment as a result of your failure to make advance payment in the stipulated time. You will remember that the advance pay­ment was two months overdue.

In the course of contract execution serious difficulties arose resulting from your infringing the contractual obligations on several occasions. The settlement for workers was not ready to accommodate our people on the fixed dates. A substantial part of the equipment and materials delivered was delayed at the port of destination while we were waiting for your assistance in customs clearance. That added up to another four months.

Regardless of the above, the commissioning date is only three months overdue and the project is ready for acceptance tests. We would therefore appreciate it if you would withdraw the claim upon consideration of the mat­ter.

Yours faithfully,

to give ample ground давать полные regardless of несмотря на основания

Hold the talks along these lines.

On the grounds of the reasons of the letter prove to the customer that it is you who are entitled to compensation. Come to terms about the matter.

XIII. Write replies to Letters 2 and 3 of Ex. XII in the form of e-mail mes­sages.

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