- •Contents
- •Unit 2
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Tlie Budget, Taxes
- •Unit 4
- •International Organisations lex!, International Organisations 270
- •Unit 1
- •The Financial System
- •Unit 6
- •The World We Live In
- •1. The Social Profile and State Structure
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Notes on the Text
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar Presentation Герундий (The Gerund)
- •Перевод герундия на русский язык
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Learning English Abroad
- •Words you may need
- •Words and word combinations you may need
- •In England:
- •In Russia:
- •2. Are any of the sentences in 1 true for you or yt»ur friends? to admit
- •1. Answer these questions:
- •2. Discuss the questions with jour partner, few
- •1. Complete these sentences witlu/еь'. A jew, many, much, Hale, a little, a lot of.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •1 Read Text в and give answers to the questions.
- •Grammar Presentation Модальный глагол should
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •I Любимцем
- •1. Translate into English:
- •3. Docs your university hold scientific conferences for students? If yes, comment on students' attendance.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Answer these questions:
- •2. "Translate into English:
- •Defining Economics
- •Read for More Information
- •Look up the words you do not know in the dictionary.
- •Economics and Its Great Man
- •Grammar Revision Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs)
- •Words you may need
- •Activities
- •2. Asking the way
- •Role-play
- •Youth is the Prime Time of Life
- •Vocabulary List
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary List
- •Unit 2
- •I. Income and Spending
- •II. The Nation's Economy
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Vocabulary List
- •Income and Spending
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar Presentation
- •I. Income and Spending
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Income, to get/to spend income Translate into English.
- •1. Income and Spending
- •Vocabulary List Text в Personal Expenditure
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Comprehension
- •Причастие (The Participle)
- •Формы причастия
- •I. Income and Spending
- •1. Income and Spending
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Income and Spending
- •1. Translate into Russian:
- •2. Comment on 2), 5), 6).
- •1. 'IVanslate into Russian:
- •2. Comment on Die above statements.
- •Text с Income Distribution
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •1 Read Text с and give answers to the questions.
- •Grammar Presentation
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Income distribution
- •Consumer Society
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Read for More Information
- •Explain the role of goldsmiths in the appearance of banknotes.
- •History of Money
- •Look up the words you do not know in the dictionary.
- •Translate the italicised sentence in writing.
- •Say what macroeconomics deals with. Macroeconomics
- •Grammar Revision
- •I. Income and Spending
- •Activities
- •Role-play Personal Budget
- •What Shall We Do Tonight?
- •Text On British Economy
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary List
- •The Nation's Economy
- •Interview with the Economist
- •Note on the Text
- •Role-play
- •L. Business and Government
- •II. The Budget. Taxes
- •Note on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •1 Read Test a and give answers to the questions.
- •Употребление инфинитива Фирмы инфинитива
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •In a Library
- •1. Translate into Russian:
- •I. Now say what you know about demand and supply.
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Make up sentences of your own using:
- •Factors That Affect Price
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Present Continuous
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Translate into English:
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •1. Study the illustrative sentences and translate them into Russian:
- •1. 'Translate into English:
- •Words you may need
- •Note on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •2. Лпчжт these questions:
- •1. Translate into Russian:
- •2. Develop 1) and 8).
- •The us Economic Sjstem
- •Read for More Information
- •Monopolies
- •How can monopolies be broken up? Competition
- •Renting a Car
- •Social English Booking Airline Tickets
- •Activities
- •At a Railway Station
- •Activities
- •Checking in at a hotel
- •Role-play
- •Imagine that students in an international student club are discussing lifestyles and living standards in their countries.
- •Text a The Budget
- •Text в Taxes
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Exercises
- •B) Taxation
- •C) Factors of Production
- •Starting a Career Text a Starting a Career
- •Unit 4
- •The Financial System
- •Comprehension
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •What professional qualifications, skills and personal characteristics should people in these jobs have?
- •Requirements:
- •McKinsey & Company is a leading international management
- •Technological and operating issues
- •If you meet these requirements,
- •2. Think of situations hi which you can use the above word combinations.
- •2. Do you agree with points 2) and 4)?
- •Interest; to be of interest, to arouse interest, to show an interest, to have (an) interest, to express (an) interest, to lose interest
- •1. Translate into Russian.
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •I» Complete the expressions using one verb for column л and one verb for column в and say who in your family makes/does the things.
- •Starting Work
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List Text в The Labour Market
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Word and word combination you may need
- •1. Give derivatives of to compete. 1. Translate into English:
- •A. Office Problems
- •Text с Looking for a Job Abroad
- •Vocabulary List
- •Speech Patterns
- •Comprehension
- •2. Find in the text the sentence:
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •What do people regret most often?
- •1. Translate into Russian;
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Into Russian:
- •A Chronological Resume
- •Job Interview
- •Word and word combination you may need
- •Social English
- •Activities
- •Role-play Job Opportunities
- •Note on the Texl
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Text в The Stock Exchange
- •Note on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Exercises
- •Note on the Text
- •A) The Central Banking System
- •B) The us Treasury
- •Unit 5
- •Text a Business Communication
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar Presentation Инфинитив в составе оборота
- •To announce to know
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •I. Business Communication
- •1. 'Irynskitc into Russian:
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •2. Translate info English:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •I. Make your own sentences with the words which are frequently used wilh to draw up in the meaning "to prepare and write something" such as a document or a plan:
- •1. Answer these questions:
- •Words you may need
- •Text в Business Letter Writing Structure of a Business Letter
- •1. The letterhead
- •2. The date
- •3. Addressee's name and address
- •Courtesy titles
- •12. ЛюЬимцеоа
- •4. The salutation
- •5. The message
- •6. The complimentary close
- •7. Signature
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Как читать цифры и числа (How to Read Figures and Numbers)
- •1. Даты
- •2. Номера телефонов и факсов
- •3. Цифра "о"
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •The Internet in Russia
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Text с
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation Наклонение (The Mood)
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •2. Translate into English paying attention to except and besides,
- •Memorandum
- •Read for More Information
- •Write out from the text the sentences containing the passive voice. Explain the use of the forms.
- •Form verbs from the following nouns:
- •B. How to Report я Meeting
- •Look up (lie words you do not know in the dictionary.
- •Fill each gap with a suitable word from ihe box.
- •Form nouns from the following verbs: м want, lo work, to aintrol, to use, to limit, to pay, in cover, to trade, to buy, to call.
- •Organising a Business
- •Interview with the Chairman
- •Activities
- •Role-play
- •The Lochshell Company ltd Minutes
- •Text Accounting and Auditing
- •Note on the Text
- •1 II is the process of capturing, processing, and communicating financial information.
- •Vocabulary List
- •Exercises
- •Accounting: Changes and Prospects
- •209 Unit 6
- •II. World Trends. Globalisation
- •Vocabulary List
- •Text a Modern World Economy
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •The Multinational Enterprise
- •Word and word combination you may need
- •I. The World We Live In
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Производные слова
- •Составные слова
- •1. Составные существительные:
- •2. Составные прилагательные:
- •1. Translate into Russian. Comment on 1), 2), 3).
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Words you may need
- •Interact V — взаимодействовать stream n — поток solid adj — твердый
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar Presentation
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Answer the questions. Ask your classmates what they think about 2) and 3).
- •«Признавать»
- •Words you may need
- •Computers in Education
- •Inhabitant n - житель
- •Look up the words you do not know in the dictionary.
- •Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •Do you agree that computers pose a challenge?
- •Words and word combinations you may need
- •Find conditional sentences in the text. What types are they?
- •Economics and the Consumer Society
- •Activities
- •Role-play
- •Text a
- •Vocabulary List
- •The Global Economy
- •Scarcity
- •Role-play
- •I. The Social Profile and State Structure
- •II. International Organisations
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar Presentation
- •(Продолжение)
- •2 (It не: one second) 4
- •Математические действия (Mathematical Operations)
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •1. Give English equivalents to:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •6 Billionth Baby Born, But Birth Rale Slowing
- •5 Million Citizens
- •The British State System
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Local Government
- •Words you may need
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension
- •Grammar and Lexis
- •Words and word combination you may need
- •Translate the italicised sentence, underline the subject of Ihe sentence with one line and the predicate with two lines.
- •Explain (in writing) why America was and remains a mobile nation.
- •Pick out the sentences describing the American Dream. American Population
- •Great Britain
- •Word combinations you may need
- •Useful Language
- •Role-play
- •International Organisations
- •Text International Organisations
- •Notes on the Text
- •Vocabulary List
- •Comprehension Questions
- •Exercises
- •Артикль (The Article)
- •Нулевой артикль
- •Неисчисляемые сущестшггельные
- •Имя прилагательное (The Adjective)
- •Суффиксы прилагательных
- •Наречие (The Adverb) Степени сравнения наречий
- •Местоимение
- •It is on the table. Она на столе.
- •Числительное (The Numeral)
- •Местоимения much и many
- •Глагол (The Verb)
- •Основные формы неправильных глаголов
- •Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты
- •Основные видо-времениые формы глагола
- •Directing the meeting and keeping order
- •Interrupting
- •Making suggestions
- •Returning to the topic
- •Expressing an opinion
- •It's Quite obvious t6 me...
- •Positive reaction
- •Mild disagreement
- •Assessing ideas (proposals, opinions)
- •.Литература
- •Начальный курс
- •214000, I. Смоленск, пр-г им. Ю. Гагарина, 2.
2. Номера телефонов и факсов
Номера телефонов и факсов, как правило, читаются как однозначные числа (или группы чисел, отделяемые одна от другой паузами):
01273 736 344 - oh one two seven three, seven three six, three double four; 442677 - double four, two six, double seven; 1555 - one treble five or one five double five;
цифра "О" в телефонных номерах читается как "oh" в британском английском и как "zero" в американском варианте современного английского языка.
3. Цифра "о"
В британском английском языке цифра "О" может читаться по-разному.
1. Англичане читают цифру "О" как "oh":
если "0"'стоит после точки, отделяющей десятичный разряд is дробях:
5,03 — five point oh three
в номерах автобусов, офисов и комнат в гостиницах:
No 701 - seven oh one Room 206 - room two oh six
2. Цифра "О" произносится nought [tu:t] перед десятичными зна ками, т.е. до точки, однако, как правило, она не произносится:
0.001 - nought point oh oh one 0.175- nought point one seven five
- point oh oh one - point one seven five
3. He забудьте, что англичане используют точку (.), а не запя тую {,) в десятичных дробях. Запятая используется для отра жения тысяч:
10,001 - ten thousand and one
4. He забудьте, что в английском языке все цифры после десятичного знака читаются раздельно:
11.55 — eleven point five five
Однако если величина с десятичными знаками представляет собой денежную сумму, то она читается как обычное число: £ 12.50 - twelve dollars fifty £ 22.75 - twenty-two pounds seventy -five
Grammar and Lexis
It's somewhere between 3.489 and 3.492.
It's less than 5.375,
I only get $5.75.
No, I mean 21.021 not 21,021.
I a, 9. Read the Mowing numbers:
168; 2,809; 35,602; 928,921; 4,572,712; 1.35; 26.085; 0.6; 3.01; 0.002
Ex. 10. a) Read the texl aloud. Pronounce all the figures correctly, b) Say whether you use the Web. If yes, for what purposes you do it.
The Internet in Russia
Various surveys show widely differing numbers of Internet users. According to Interfax, the total Internet audience in Russia, comprising persons aged 18 or over, is over 9.2 million, or 8.3 per cent of the country's adult population (110.5 million). Another survey held by the Strana.ru, National Information Service (NIS) only covers Russia's urban population, 91.3 million in all. It showed the real number of users at 3.3 million, or 3.6 per cent. The number of polential and willing users stands at 22.2 per cent in all, or 11.3 per cent and 10.9 per cent of each, respectively (10.3 and 9.95 million). Another 18.4 per cent, or 16.8 million, are aware of the Net. Over half. 55.9 percent or 51.04 million, of urban residents are not aware of the Internet.
Different surveys give numbers for male and female Internet users varying from 60 to 70 per cent for men and 30 to 40 per cent for women.
Some 50 per cent of users have incomes per family member ranging from $16 to $106 a month. The more affluent users visit Internet shops
184
Unit 5
I. Business Communication
185
online, while the less moneyed log on lo play games, look for medical advice, or get TV news or listen to radio broadcasts.
Numbers lor people with a higlier education vary insignificantly from 46 to 49 per cent of the Internet users in Russia. Next come undergraduates, lliey make up about 16 per cent, followed by graduates of specialised secondary schools comprising 1.2 to 13 per cent.
An overwhelming majority of young people under 20 years of age, over a quarter of the total (26.0 percent), actually use the Internet (6.0 percent), or can do so, if they want to (20.0 percent). Persons under 20 years log on to the Internet seeking entertainment, above all, in particular, games, humour, and erotica. Users over 21 show an interest in websites relating to their occupations, such as business, banking, finance, legislation, and so on.
Words and word combinations >on may need
female
n
- женщина
affluent
adj
- богатый
log
on
v
— выходить в И нтернет
vary
v
— меняться, изменяться, разниться
overwhelming
majority
- подавляющее большинство
user я - пользователь
comprise v — включать
urban adj — городской
be aware of — быть осведомленным,
знать male n — мужчина
Ex. 11. Practise these words and word combinations: in spite of, in spite of the fact that... Syn. despite, despite the fact that ... Translate and complete these sentences:
Несмотря на трудности ... g) Несмотрянато.чтоунегобьию
Несмотря на плохое здоровье... много работы ...
Несмотря на занятость ... 9) Несмотрянато.чтоонразослал
Несмотрянаплохуюпогоду... свои резюме...
Несмотря на усилия... Ю) Несмогрянато.чтоунегобыло
Несмотря на попытки ... хорошее образование ...
Несмотря на то. что у него было мало денег...
to express concern/lhanks/gratitude/feelings/iuterest/opinions/thoughts 1. Translate into English:
Некоторым людям трудно ясно выражать свои мысли.
Преподаватель выразил обеспокоенность плохой успеваемостью (poor progress) некоторых студентов.
Многие деловые люди выразили интерес к данному проекту.
А) Финансисты выражают обеспокоенность состоянием финансовых
рынков. 5) На встрече были высказаны различные мнения.
