Angliyskiy

5.Студенты получают стипендии от местных органов власти, которые обязательно покрывают стоимость обучения и иногда - стоимость проживания.

6.Была введена система займов, и сейчас студенты должны возвращать стипендию.

12. Use the situations in the conversation.

1.You work as a guide in the U.K. A group of Russian students has arrived to London. They are interested in British higher education and universities. What would you tell them about it?

2.An English student is at your university. What questions would you like to ask him about his study and higher education in Great Britain?

13. Read the text and complete the sentences below.

History of University and College

Universities originated in Europe during the eleventh century, but they were not the first in the world. Perhaps, the University of Al-Azhar founded in Cairo in 970 is one of the oldest still operating universities in the world.

European universities developed from monastery schools and their development took place so slowly that it is difficult to know the point at which they became universities. Many scholars believe that the oldest European university is the University of Bologna [ba'lounja], Italy. It was founded in the late tenth century, but it had existed as a law school since 890. The University of Paris developed during the eleventh century. Many other universities appeared in Europe during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.

These first schools were founded largely to serve the professions. They provided the first unified teaching of law,

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medicine, and theology. The lessons were conducted in the Latin language, which the students were to speak even among themselves.

The oldest universities in Britain Oxford and Cambridge were founded in the Middle Ages. They have much in common and are, therefore, often spoken together, and are sometimes called collectively for convenience as Oxbridge. The word "college" originated later. There were no colleges in those early days and students' life was very different from what it is now. Students were of all ages and came from everywhere. When the students began to settle in Oxford in the 12th century they lived as they could, lodging in inns and with townsfolk, or grouping themselves together and renting a house for their use.

The first college (Merton College) was founded in 1249 and it was associated only with the residence for students to lodge. Life in college was strict. Students were not allowed to play games, to sing or dance, to hunt or even to fish. Later, however, colleges developed into complete educational institutions.

Vocabulary

−to originate - возникать, брать начало

−to develop - развиваться

−scholar = scientist

−law - право, юриспруденция

−to appear - появляться

−to conduct - вести, руководить, направлять

−to settle - селиться, обосноваться

−to lodge - временно проживать, снимать комнату

−inn - гостиница, постоялый двор

−townsfolk - горожане

−to rent - брать в аренду, внаем

−to hunt - охотиться

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14. Try to arrange the Universities in chronological order. Write out the dates of foundation.

Oxford, the University of Paris, the University of Bologna (Italy), Cambridge, Al-Azhar (Cairo)

15.Read the text and find English equivalents of the next Russian word-combinations.

все еще действующий, монастырские школы, юридическая школа, унифицированное обучение, для удобства, всех возрастов, проживая в гостиницах, арендуя жилье

16.Complete the following sentences.

1.University education originated in....

2.Lectures and lessons were conducted in....

3.The word "college" was at first associated with....

4.The first college originated in....

5.Oxford and Cambridge have much in ... and they are called collectively as...

GRAMMAR

17. Present Continuous or Present Perfect?

1)What are you (to do) here? – I am (write) a letter to my friends.

2)Who has (write) this article?

3)What language are you (study)?

4)We have already (learn) a lot of English words.

5)What is she (teach) them?

6)Who has (teach) you to do it?

7)He has just (do) something for us.

8)Have you (find) the book?

9)What are you (look) for?

10)What are you (talk) about?

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18.Past Simple or Present Perfect?

1) I (not yet to eat) today.

2) He (not to eat) yesterday.

3) You (play) the piano yesterday?

4) What you (prepare) for today?

5) You (see) Mary today?

6) Look at my new dress! I (make) it myself.

7) I already (do) my homework. Now I can go for a walk. 8) I (do) my homework yesterday.

9) I never (be) to Washington.

10) You ever (be) to New York?

11) The lecture (not yet to begin) and the students are talking in the classroom.

12) She just (go) out.

19.Past Simple or Past Perfect?

1)Tom (return) from the cinema at five o‘clock.

2)Tom (return) from the cinema by five o‘clock.

3)I (finish) my homework at seven o‘clock.

4)I (finish) my homework by seven o‘clock.

5)Ann (tell) me that she (see) an interesting film.

6)When I (come) home, mother already (cook) dinner.

7)When father (return) from work, we already (do) our homework.

8)When the teacher (enter) the classroom, the pupils already (open) their books.

9)Kate (give) me the book which she (buy) the day before.

10)Nick (show) the teacher the picture which he (draw).

20. Past Simple, Past Continuous or Past Perfect?

1) By eight o‘clock yesterday I (do) my homework and at eight I (play) the piano.

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2)By six o‘clock father (come) home and at six he (have) dinner.

3)When I (meet) Tom, he (eat) an ice cream which he (buy) at the corner of the street.

4)When the father (come) home, we (cook) the mushrooms which we (gather) in the wood.

5)When I (see) Ann, she (sort) the flowers which she (pick) in the field.

6)When I (open) the door of the classroom, I (see) that the teacher already (come) and the pupils (write) a dictation.

7)When I (come) home, my sister (read) a book which she (bring) from the library.

8)He (speak) a language we never (hear) before.

9)It (be) the first time I (see) her.

10)I (think) he already (go) home.

11)He (tell) me he (learn) it from the newspaper.

12)He (enter) the room, (take) something from the desk and (go)

out.

13)I (return) to the hotel only late at night as I (lose) my way in the fog.

21. Future Simple, Future Continuous or Future Perfect?

1)I (do) my homework tomorrow.

2)I (do) my homework at six o'clock tomorrow.

3)I (do) my homework by six o'clock tomorrow.

4)Tomorrow I (begin) doing my homework as soon as I come from school.

5)I (do) my homework from three till six.

6)My father (come) home at seven o'clock tomorrow.

7)I (do) all my homework by the time he comes, and we (go) for a walk together.

8)When I come home tomorrow, my family (have) supper.

9)When you come to my place tomorrow, I (read) your book. I (do) my homework by the time you come.

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10)Don't come to my place tomorrow. I (write) a composition the whole evening.

11)I (not / go) to the cinema tomorrow. I (watch) TV the whole evening.

12)What you (do) tomorrow?

13)What you (do) at eight o'clock tomorrow?

14)You (play) volleyball tomorrow?

15)You (do) this work by next Sunday?

16)When you (go) to see your friend next time?

17)How many pages you (read) by five o'clock tomorrow?

SELF-STUDY

22. Read the text and complete it with the nouns. History of Education in Russia

Russia's higher education system started with the foundation of the (1) ___ in Moscow and St. Petersburg in the middle of the 18th century. The (2) ___ was constructed similar to that of Germany.

In Soviet times all of the (3) ___ in Russia had at least a secondary education. The pursuit of higher education was and still is considered to be very prestigious. More than 50% of people have a higher education.

Due in great part to demands of the international educational organizations, the system of education in Russia began to change over the past five to ten years. Universities began transitioning to a system similar to that of (4)___ and the USA: 4 years for the Bachelor's degree and 2 years for the Master's degree. The universities are still in the (5) ___ of these changes; some of them

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offer the new system and others still work according to the prior 5- year system, particularly in programs such as law.

23. Read the text about an oldest University in Great Britain and then test yourself.

Oxford

Oxford was founded in the 12th century as an aristocratic University and retains its aristocratic character to the present day: the cost of studies is comparatively high. Students have to pay for using libraries and laboratories, as well as for taking examinations.

Oxford‘s organization is very

complicated. In fact, the University is a collection of 35 Colleges: two for women only, the rest taking both men and women. Each college is a world of its own which gives its students a specialized training in arts, law, medicine and science. The largest college has over 500 students; the smallest college has over 100 students.

The University is an administrative centre which arranges lectures for all students of the colleges, holds examinations and gives degrees.

The tutorial system of education used both in Oxford and Cambridge is one of the ways in which Oxbridge differs from other English Universities. Every student has a tutor in charge of planning his work and discussing its results with the student; the student‘s duty is to regularly see his tutor and submit papers and essays. The tutorial system of education brings the student into personal contact with his tutor, the latter trying to influence the social and political life of the student.

The academic year in England has three terms; each term lasts from eight to ten weeks. Terminal examinations take place at

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the end of autumn, spring and summer terms. Final examinations take place at the end of the course of studies. If a student fails in an examination, he may be allowed to take the exam again, only two re-examinations being usually allowed.

Vocabulary

−Oxford [ɒksfəd]

−Oxbridge ['ɒksbriʤ]

−to retain one‘s aristocratic character - сохранять аристократический характер

−cost of studies - стоимость обучения

−arts - гуманитарные науки

−to arrange lectures - организовывать лекции

−tutor [´tju:tə] - преподаватель, наставник

−to be in charge [´t∫a:ʤ] of smth - отвечать за ч-л

−to influence - оказывать влияние

−terminal examination - семестровый экзамен

−final examination - выпускной экзамен

3.Every student has a tutor in charge of … a) planning and discussing

b) teaching

c) taking exams

4.The tutorial system of education …

a)gives more academic freedoms

b)brings the student into personal contact

c)is a new system

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7.If a student fails in an examination, he may … a) take the exam again

b) pay more for study c) apply to Cambridge

8.Oxford retains … to the present day.

a)resources across the University

b)aristocratic character

c)high payment

QUICK CHECK

25. Complete the sentences with the suitable words.

1. British university year is divided into three _____.

c) glossary d) index

8. ____ specialists combines theoretical studies with practical work

9. After the years of studies and successful final examinations the students get the first degree _____ .

10. Students who have been accepted by the institutions of higher

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