6. Complete these sentences using the text.

1. One of the resonant circuits is tuned to … .

2. … is formed by making a beam of electrons.

3. … is called a frame.

4. To obtain a proper picture … .

5. The TV camera consists of … .

6. The principle of a colour TV is the following … .

7. Choose the correct variant.

1. TV sets … on a similar principle to radio concept.

1. work;

2. are working;

3. works;

4. was worked.

2. The picture … formed by making a beam of electrons move across the screen.

1. formed;

2. form;

3. is formed;

4. is forming.

3. A camera tube … of a photosensitive mosaic scanned by an electron beam.

1. consisting;

2. consisted;

3. consist;

4. consists.

4. The spot of light … the whole screen.

1. have covered;

2. has covered;

3. covers;

4. covering.

5. Synchronizing pulses … with the vision signal.

1. transmits;

2. are transmitted;

3. have transmitted;

4. will transmit.

8. Answer the following questions about the text.

1. What principles does television work on?

2. How is the sound made up?

3. How is the picture formed?

4. What is a frame?

5. How many parts does a CRT consist of?

6. What is an electron gun used for?

7. What do you know about a television camera?

8. How does colour TV work?

9. How are different colours made up?

9. Translate into English.

1. В телебаченні звуковий сигнал приймається і передається як і в радіоприймачі.

2. Зображення створюється, коли потік електронів рухається вздовж екрану катодно-променевої лампи.

3. Щоб зображення було чітким, рух електронів в приймачі повинен чітко співпадати з рухом електронів телевізійної камери.

4. В телебаченні різні кольори створюються змішуванням трьох колоьрів червоного, синього і зеленого.

10. Speak about: a) Television; b) Colour television. Text b

1. Read and translate the text in a written form:

Television

The history of television technology can be divided along two lines: those developments that depended upon both mechanical and electronic principles, and those which are purely electronic. From the latter descended all modern televisions, but these would not have been possible without discoveries and insights from the mechanical systems.

The origins of what would become today's television system can be traced back to the discovery of the photoconductivity of the element selenium by Willoughby Smith in 1873, the invention of a scanning disk by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow in 1884, and Philo Farnsworth's Image dissector in 1927.

The 20-year old German university student Nipkow proposed and patented the first electromechanical television system in 1884. Nipkow's spinning disk design is credited with being the first television image rasterizer. Constantin Perskyi had coined the word television in a paper read to the International Electricity Congress at the International World Fair in Paris on August 25, 1900. Perskyi's paper reviewed the existing electromechanical technologies, mentioning the work of Nipkow and others. The photoconductivity of selenium and Nipkow's scanning disk were first joined for practical use in the electronic transmission of still pictures and photographs, and by the first decade of the 20th century halftone photographs were being transmitted by facsimile over telegraph and telephone lines as a newspaper service.

However, it wasn't until 1907 that developments in amplification tube technology made the design practical. The first demonstration of the instantaneous transmission of still duotone images was by Georges Rignoux and A. Fournier in Paris in 1909, using a rotating mirror-drum as the scanner, and a matrix of 64 selenium cells as the receiver.

Meanwhile in Soviet Russia, Léon Theremin had been developing a mirror drum-based television, starting with 16 lines resolution in 1925, then 32 lines and eventually 64 using interlacing in 1926, and as part of his thesis on June 7, 1926 he electrically transmitted and then projected near-simultaneous moving images on a five foot square screen. By 1927 he achieved an image of 100 lines, a resolution that was not surpassed until 1931 by RCA, with 120 lines.

However, Herbert E. Ives of Bell Labs gave the most dramatic demonstration of television yet on April 7, 1927, when he field tested reflected-light television systems using small-scale (2 by 2.5 inches) and large-scale (24 by 30 inches) viewing screens over a wire link from Washington to New York City, and over-the-air broadcast from Whippany, New Jersey. The subjects, who included Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover, were illuminated by a flying-spot scanner beam that was scanned by a 50-aperture disk at 16 pictures per minute.

2. Make up a plan of the text in the form of questions.

TEXT C

1. Mind the following words:

1. to hinder – заважати, гальмувати

2. frame rate – частота кінозйомки

3. bandwidth - ширина полоси частот, діапазон робочих годин

4. to perceive - сприймати

5. acute - гострий

6. urgency – актуальність

7. to unveil – відкривати

2. Listen to the text and try to understand it.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. Why couldn’t Europeans adopt the U.S. colour standard?

2. Why did the problems become particularly acute?

3. When was the first SECAM patent registered?

4. Who unveiled PAL?

5. What system of broadcasting did Russians use?