- •Моя специальность – энергообеспечение предприятий My speciality is heat and power engineering
- •140106.65 "Энергообеспечение предприятий"
- •Введение
- •Part I Unit 1. Future of energy
- •1. Read what people say about different fuels and energy sources.
- •3. Work with a partner.
- •4. A) Anna Smith at elec received this email invitation to a seminar. Complete the email with the given expressions.
- •The Fuel Cell
- •6. How would you answer these questions in a discussion forum? Use information from the text and flow chart above, and phrases.
- •7. Delegates at the conference break for lunch. Complete this conversation using words and phrases given below. Then listen to the dialogue and compare your version with the one you've listened to.
- •8. Work with a partner to do this role-play.
- •9. The conference programme contains a talk on the hydrogen-based economy. Look at these sentences.
- •12. Do you know if there are international projects concerning energy? Read this newspaper article and discuss the following questions.
- •Lack of Vision
- •Unit 2. My future speciality
- •1. Cover the right column and read the English words. Translate them into Russian and check your comprehension.
- •4. Translate the word combinations (pay attention to prepositions) and use them in sentences of your own:
- •5. Translate the following term combinations:
- •6. Read and translate the text. My speciality
- •Exercises
- •2. Find in the text sentences in the Passive Voice and translate them into Russian.
- •4. Supply prepositions consulting the given list.
- •7. Answer the questions to test your comprehension.
- •Part II Unit 1. Applying for a job preparatory work
- •Job application
- •Curriculum vitae (cv)
- •Your career history
- •Exercises
- •1. Work in pairs. Decide where you in your country and in your line of business would normally give this information:
- •5. Find out about your partner's career. Ask about his or her:
- •7. Fiona Weaver decides to apply for one of the posts. Study her cv below.
- •9. Study the advertisements on the following pages. Select suitable job for you.
- •International mechanical/electrical projects јneg and generous benefits
- •10. Study the chart.
- •11. Complete the blanks in this text using information from the chart.
- •12. Read the text again to find the answers to these questions.
- •13. Imagine your future career and describe your ideal company and post you would like to take up. Unit 2. Lifestyles and work
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •3. Making predictions about the reading. What do you think you will read about in the text World-Class Workaholics below? Write down three ideas, situations and words.
- •4. In small groups, discuss the issues below. Report to another group.
- •5. Skim the text and do the tasks given below. Here are the words you may need:
- •World-class workaholics: are crazy hours and takeout dinners the elixir of American success?
- •6. Write what yon have learned from the text and discuss with the partner how different (or how close) your expectations are.
- •8. Answer the questions below making inferences from the text about the following values: time, hard work, success/achievement.
- •10. Discussion "What are the historical, cultural and economic roots of workaholism?" Expand on the following:
- •12. The following pie graph portrays the results of the survey held in Russia. Working with your partner, examine the graph and discuss the questions below.
- •Unit 3. Foreign languages in your speciality
- •1. Skim the text and do the tasks given below. Here are the words you may need:
- •Languages may help you go places in industry
- •2. Make your choice. The author assumes that:
- •3. Look through the text and give a list of international words which have the same meaning in Russian. Use your dictionary if necessary.
- •5. Skim the text again and make a plan.
- •6. Make a short summary.
- •7. Translate the following and use the italicized words in discussion.
- •8. Discussion.
- •10. Discuss the problem in groups of 3–5 students. You may find the following expressions helpful:
- •Vocabulary in use
- •What's your job?
- •Work: duties, conditions and pay What do you do?
- •Working hours
- •Exercises
- •Appendix Transcripts
- •Communication at conference
- •1. Phrases to be used at the conference
- •2. Taking part in discussion
- •А. Improve your Communication Skill
- •B. Discussion. Asking and Answering Questions
- •3. Discussion. Expressing an Opinion
- •4. Outline of a Paper / Communication / Report
- •Supplementary texts: Renewable sources of energy
- •Text 1. Solar light by night
- •Text 2. Non-traditional renewable sources of energy
- •Text 3. New energy from old sources
- •Text 4. Development of a wind energy system in the Murmansk region
- •Text 5. Solar energy
- •Text 6. A general evaluation of the region's hydroenergy resources
- •Text 7. Non-traditional sources of energy
- •Text 8. Energy of seas and oceans
- •Text 9. Wind energy application trends
- •Text 10. Biomass – energy from organic materials
- •Text 11. Nuclear Fusion - the Way Forward?
- •Использованная литература
The Fuel Cell
The fuel cell is actually quite an old technology having been invented by the British scientist William Grove in 1843. In this apparatus, electrical power is produced in a simple yet intriguing way. There are two electrodes, the anode and the cathode, and in the middle of both there is a membrane ion conductor or electrolyte. Hydrogen gas is fed continuously over the anode while oxygen from the air passes over the cathode. The electrolyte is a partition which ensures that the two gases do not come into direct contact with each other. Through the chemical process in the fuel cell, hydrogen splits into hydrogen ions and electrons. The electrons then pass through an external circuit to the cathode depicted by this glowing bulb. Electrical current is produced in this way.
The hydrogen ions meanwhile pass through the membrane. They and the electrons then react with oxygen at the cathode to produce water or steam. Thus heat is also produced, and this too can be utilized.
The electricity produced is direct current, which can be converted into alternating current if required. In order to create large volumes of power, fuel cells are connected in series to form a stack.
The beauty of the fuel cell is that the only waste product is water, although it should be stressed that the waste depends on how hydrogen is obtained to begin with. If it is derived from sources such as natural gas, CO, will also be produced.
Fuel cells can primarily be used in remote areas where there is no connection to the grid. But developments in this technology could mean that heat and electrical power from fuel cells will also be harnessed in the future in cities, in decentralized energy-supply systems for homes, offices and factories. We could even have them in our cellars.
So is this the key to a vision of clean, cheap, plentiful energy supply? Does it spell the end for the power plant as we know it? This is unlikely as the volumes of power needed cannot be generated by the fuel cell alone. But there will be changes, and in twenty to thirty years' time fuel cells could be common in energy supply as well as in vehicles.
6. How would you answer these questions in a discussion forum? Use information from the text and flow chart above, and phrases.
I still don't really understand how it works. Can you explain in simple language?
So what exactly are the advantages, and are there any disadvantages?
Is this the answer to all our needs? Can you produce large volumes of energy like this?
Summarize the fuel cell's advantages and disadvantages in a table.
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
waste mostly water or … steam |
depending on... |
Now summarize the advantages and disadvantages of solar panels, tidal power, fusion power or energy producing systems of your choice.
7. Delegates at the conference break for lunch. Complete this conversation using words and phrases given below. Then listen to the dialogue and compare your version with the one you've listened to.
actually • anyway • aren't they • by the way • getting on • really • sure • things • think of • to be honest
John: Hello Steve. Good to see you again.
Steve: Hi John. How are _____1 ?
John: Just fine. So, what did you _____2 the talk on the fuel cell?
Steve: All right, but ______3 the speaker didn't really tell me anything new, although it was interesting.
John: ______4? I thought it was quite informative. ______5, how are you ______6 with your paper on hydrogen?
Steve: ______7, I'm having a few problems. It's not easy to get all the necessary information. Some people aren't very cooperative.
John: ______8? That must be quite frustrating.
Steve: Yes it is – but _____9. When I come to think about it, maybe you could help me with it. I mean, you have some good contacts.
John: _______10. How can I help?
DID YOU KNOW?
Small talk or conversation is essential in business for creating good rapport between people. It is used to build relationships, further networking, and establish a personal setting before a meeting takes place. Topics can be smaller business issues, sports, weather, etc. But subjects which are too personal should be avoided.