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Language awareness 1-4 student.doc
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2. Replace each word or phrase underlined with one of the more formal words given.

Abandoned, scrutinized, dismissed, beneficial, investigated, commensurate, discrepancy, rudimentary, inopportune, lucrative

a. George was given the sack yesterday.

b. I am afraid I have only a basic knowledge of physics.

c. The whole matter is being looked into by the police.

d. I am looking for a job on a level with my abilities.

e. The actual voting is carefully watched over by special officers.

f. Terry was left somewhere by her parents when she was a baby.

g. I must apologize if I have arrived at a(n) bad moment.

h. There is a difference between the sum of money sent, and the sum received.

i. Carol’s new catering business turned out to be very profitable.

j. I am sure that a month’s holiday would be good for you.

3. Look at the examples of formal language and rephrase the underlined phrases into informal language.

Jargon is an integral part of the network of occupations and pursuits constituting society. It is the jargon element, which in a job, can promote economy and precision of expression, and thus improve life for the workers. Jargon-users tend to enjoy the in-jokes which shared linguistic experience permits. Moreover, jealousy of this knowledge precipitates our readiness to demean anyone who tries to be part of our group without being prepared to take on its jargon. And we resent it when some other group, sensing our lack of linguistic awareness, refuses to let us it.

Avoid slang or colloquial expressions in formal writing – they can only be included for special emphasizing effect.

4. These sentences all come from a report which should have been written in a formal style. Improve each one in any way that seems appropriate to you.

  1. It was kind of difficult to collect as much data as we’d originally hoped.

  2. The guys tended to express views that were a bit more conservative than those of the girls.

  3. A number of our respondents brought up some very important things in response to our questions.

  4. Interviewees’ responses depended on how old they were and whether they were male or female, not to mention their occupation and educational background.

  5. I’d like to go a bit more about some important parts of the survey.

Connecting ideas

Match the following sentences and phrase halves. Notice how linkers are used.

1. To keep up with the competition, we have to expand our services arm.

2. So far we have only received three of the five filing cabinets we ordered.

3. She will be responsible for developing existing business leads

4. We don’t think the risk of terrorism is very great.

5. All our retail outlets sell pet foods and gardening supplies

6. They had to pay a postage and packing fee

a. Besides, item No35-C1was damaged during transport

b. in addition to the hefty repair charge.

c. as well as a diverse range of agricultural supplies.

d. Furthermore, we must get the whole firm back on a steady growth track.

e. in addition to searching out new sectors for growth and development.

f. Moreover, the government appear to control the area firmly.

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