1. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What is controlling?

2. Is the control function the heart of the management system or the head of the management system?

3. Why is employee performance appraisal the most important and challenging feedback control technique?

4. How can a top-level manager get to know that organization controls are ineffective?

5. Is establishing and maintaining a standard cost accounting system time-consuming and expensive undertaking?

6. How can an organization develop an effective selection and placement program?

2. Переведите предложения.

1. The standards guiding ongoing activity are derived from job descriptions and from policies resulting from the planning function.

2. Corrective action is directed at improving either the resource acquisition process or the actual operations.

3. Direction follows the formal chain of command, since the responsibility of each superior is to interpret for subordinates the orders received from higher levels.

4. Many managers have assumed that their directives were straightforward and to the point, only to discover that their subordinates failed to understand or to accept them as legitimate.

5. But unlike preliminary and concurrent control, the focus of corrective action is not that for which the standard is set-output.

3. Вставьте соответствующий глагол в нужной грамматической форме:

to perform, to ensure, to meet, to consist, to conform, to compare, to enable, to provide, to vary

1. Human resources must_________the job requirements as defined by the organization. Employees must have the physical and intellectual capabilities___________assigned task.

2. The raw material that is converted into a finished product must_________to standards of quality. At the same time, a sufficient inventory must be maintained ___________ a continuous flow__________ customer demands.

3. Concurrent control__________primarily of actions of supervisors who direct the work of their subordinates.

4. The scope and content of the direction phase _______ according to the work being supervised, as noted earlier.

5. A detailed analysis of the financial statements' information__________management to determine the adequacy of the firm's earning power and its ability to_______current and long term obligations.

4. Расположите данные предложения в порядке их появления в тексте.

1. This report is designed to measure sick leave.

2. When you started your improvement plan last year, you ran two miles a day.

3. The control function involves measuring performance relative to objectives and standards and taking corrective actions when necessary.

4. Increasing times managers praise employees from 3 times per week to 12 per week.

5. Most managers have seen, for example, elaborate accident reports that took hours of man­agement time and that reported: “All is well”.

6. One key to making control systems work is the establishment of clear procedures for monitoring performance.

8. MANAGEMENT SKILLS

Effectiveness of a manager's activity depends on certain important skills. There are six skill categories: conceptual, decision making, analytic, administrative, communicational, and interpersonal.

1. A conceptual skill is the ability of a manager, to see the "general" picture of an organization. Managers must understand how their duties and the duties of other managers fit together to plan their activity in a proper way and get the required results. This skill is very important for top managers because it helps them plan "super goals" and develops proper strategies for the whole organization.

2. A decision making skill is the ability of a manager to choose the best course of actions of two or more alternatives. A manager must decide the following:

1. what strategy must be implemented?

2. what resources must be used and how they must be distributed?

3. what kind of control is needed?

In short, managers are responsible for the most important decisions which are required to carry out any organizational activity.

3. An analytic skill is the ability to determine the most important problem before implementing a proper action plan. This ability is especially important for top managers because they have to solve complex problems.

4. An administrative skill is the ability of a manager to keep to the organizational rules specified for the production process, within a limited budget, and coordinate the flow of information and paper work in this group and in other groups.

5. A communicational skill is the ability of a manager to share his ideas and opinions with other people both orally and in writing.

Thus, a communicational skill enables managers to hold meetings, write clear letters and explanatory notes, make reports, etc.

6. An interpersonal skill (psychological skill) is the ability to deal effectively with other people both inside and outside the organization. It is the ability to understand the needs and motives of other people.

Vocabulary

skill	мастерство, навыки способности,умение
activity	деятельность, работа
depend (on)	зависеть (от)
certain	определенный
divide	делить
decision making	принятие решений
communicational	коммуникационный
interpersonal skill	мастерство, умение общаться
psychological skill	психологическое мастерство
ability	способность
duty	обязанность
fit together	согласовывать(яс)
proper	соответствующий
way	образ
require	требовать
result	результат
develop	разрабатывать
strategy	стратегия
choose(chose, chosen)	выбирать
objective	цель (часто краткосрочная)
implement	осуществлять
distribute	распределять
kind	ряд, вид
responsible	ответственный
carry out	выполнять
determine	определять
identify	узнать, определить
cause	причина
solve	решать
rule	правило
to specify	устанавливать
within	в пределах
flow	поток
opinion	мнениe
orally	устно
spend (spent, spent)	проводить
psychological	психологический
deal (with)	взаимодействовать
inside	внутри
outside	вне, за пределом