- •Lesson One
- •Big Business
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Danny Comes Upon the Letter
- •The Letter
- •Danny Decides to Try His Luck
- •The Bargain Jacket
- •Mr. Black's Way of Doing Business
- •The Fatal Mistake
- •Grammar exercises The Infinitive (continued) Complex Subject
- •With the verbs "to seem", "to appear"*
- •With the verb "to happen"*
- •With the verb "to turn out"*
- •Ex. 29. Translate the following sentences using a complex subject with the verb "to turn out".
- •With the phrases "to be sure (certain)", to be (un)likely"*
- •With the verbs "to make, to tell, to order, to allow"*
- •With the verbs "to know, to believe, to suppose, to expect, to say, to report"*
- •Mixed bag
- •Speech exercises
- •1. Making a Fire is Art
- •2. A Visit to the Tailor's (Dress-Maker's)
- •3. What's Your Taste In Clothes?
- •4. Caught in the Rush Hour
- •Questions
- •Даже, если у тебя есть высшее образование
- •Questions
- •Ради рекламы
- •Immigrant workers in britain
- •1. My First Job
- •2. The Employment Situation In Capitalist Countries
- •3. At the Shoe Shop
- •Lesson Two
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. Con Boland Reconstructs the Car
- •6. After the Accident
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises The Participle Participle I
- •Participle II
- •(B) translate them into Russian; (c) explain them according to the model.
- •Mixed bag
- •Bugging showrooms
- •Speech exercises
- •1. On Driving
- •2. The Rule of the Road
- •3. Happy New Year to You!
- •Questions
- •Пудинг не для всех
- •Questions
- •The danger of lying in bed
- •1. Safety First
- •2. On Packing
- •4. An Unexpected Visitor
- •5. Take It Easy
- •Lesson Three
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. The Greggs' First Trip to Europe
- •7. Lautisse Has a Telephone Conversation With Gerston
- •8. The Papers Get Hold of the Story
- •9. Bargaining Over the Fence
- •10. Mr. Gregg Really Has Something to Sell
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises The Subjunctive Mood
- •I. The Subjunctive Mood In Simple Sentences
- •II. The Use of the Subjunctive Mood
- •In Complex Sentences With an Adverbial Clause of Condition
- •Ex. 46. Test translation.
- •Speech exercises
- •1. Planning a Weekend
- •2. Your Favourite Magazine
- •3. Redecorating the Flat
- •4. On Introductions
- •5. The Latest Exhibition at Exhibition Hall
- •Questions
- •Questions
- •Foinet's Advice
- •1. On Board a Ship
- •2. Making a Telephone Call
- •3. Making an Introduction
- •4. Making an Apology
- •Lesson Four
- •Conversation
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •5. Larry Suggests a Solution
- •6. Mother Puts up a Fight
- •7. Larry Has His Own Way
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises Subjunctive Mood (continued)
- •The use of the Subjunctive Mood
- •In "as if (as though)" clauses*
- •The use of the Subjunctive Mood
- •In an Object Clause after the verb "wish"
- •The use of the Subjunctive Mood
- •In a Subject Clause after "it is high time"
- •Speech exercises
- •Making an Invitation
- •2. Your Taste in Literature
- •Questions
- •Questions
- •1. On Books
- •2. A Dilemma
- •3. Never Put Off Till Tomorrow...
- •4. Where There is a Will There is a Way
- •Lesson Five
- •Crabbe's Practice
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. Crabbe Tells His Sad Story
- •2. Crabbe Thinks of a Plan But Keeps It to Himself
- •3. The Friends Prepare foi Zero Hour
- •4. The Boatman Does His Bit
- •5. Crabbe Steps in
- •6. Crabbe Decides to Try His Own Method
- •7. The Treatment is Effective
- •8. The Plan is a Success
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises Subjunctive Mood (continued) The use of the Subjunctive Mood
- •In Nominal Clauses*
- •1. In и subject clause
- •II. In an object clause
- •III. In a predicative clause
- •The Use of the Subjunctive Mood and Modal Verbs in on Adverbial Clause of Purpose
- •Speech exercises
- •Doctor sally
- •1. Hospitals
- •2. In Hospital
- •3. Visiting a Friend In Hospital
- •4. Laid up With the Flu*
- •Questions
- •Русский доктор — президент гавайи
- •Questions
- •1. Public Health Services In the Soviet Union
- •2. Soviet Medical Science
- •3. A Visit to the Doctor
- •4. A Dangerous Case
- •Lesson Six
- •A Canary For One
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises on lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. In the Train
- •2. From Palermo to Paris
- •5. Arrival In Paris
- •4. The American Lady
- •5. The Story of the American Lady's Daughter
- •6. The Story of the Author And His Wife
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises The Gerund
- •1. The Syntactic Function of the Gerund
- •A. An Adverbial Modifier of time
- •II. The Forms of the Gerund
- •Mixed bag
- •Speech exercises
- •1. The Railway
- •2. The Train
- •3. Travelling by Train
- •4. A Local (Suburban) Train
- •5. Booking Tickets
- •6. A Railway Station
- •Questions
- •Случай с трагиком
- •Questions
- •On time
- •1. A Trip
- •2. At a Railway Station
- •3. Travelling Companions
- •4. A Careless Driver
- •5. A Fault-finder
- •It's these new divorce laws—you get half each!
- •Lesson Seven
- •Ball of Paper
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. Inside the Hot Lab
- •2. Curtis Faces a Difficult Decision
- •3. Johnson's Chances of Promotion
- •4. Johnson Comes to Have it Out With Curtis
- •5. The Ball of Paper
- •6. Johnson Wrecks His Own Chances
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises Modal Verbs
- •I. Must* (in the meaning of supposition of high probability)
- •II. Can (could) in the meaning of supposition with implied surprise, disbelief, great doubt
- •Precis writing*
- •Speech exercises
- •Stolen fame
- •1. Atom For Peace
- •2. Protection Against Radiation
- •3. A Research Laboratory
- •4. On Observatories
- •5. On Hobbies
- •Victory over death
- •Questions
- •Свет над россией
- •Questions
- •108 Minutes
- •1. Making the Atom Serve the Needs of Man
- •2. Research Work
- •3. The Man Who Foresaw ...
- •4. What Makes a Good Specialist
- •5. A Business Appointment
- •6. A Business Interview
- •Lesson Eight
- •The Case For the Defence2
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. The Man In the Dock
- •2. Counsel For the Prosecution Presents His Case
- •3. Witnesses For the Prosecution Give Evidence
- •4. Events Take an Unexpected Turn
- •5. The Extraordinary Day Has an Extraordinary End
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises
- •III. May (might)1 (in the meaning of uncertain supposition, reproach)
- •Mixed bag
- •The million dollar bond robbery
- •Precis writing
- •Speech exercises
- •1. In the Witness Box
- •2. A Detective Story
- •Questions
- •Questions
- •О некоторых принципах советского правосудия
- •Thicker than water
- •1. A Case is Tried In Criminal Court
- •2. Defending One's Point of View
- •3. Never Count Your Chickens Before They Are Hatched
- •Lesson Nine
- •The Hotel
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Miscellaneous phrases
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. In the Hotel Lobby
- •2. The New Arrival
- •3. The Exchange at the Reception Counter
- •4. The Assistant Manager Takes Up the Matter
- •5. Dr. Nicholas Refuses to Take It Lying Down
- •6. Dr. Ingram Appears On the Scene
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises
- •Precis writing
- •Speech exercises
- •A Hotel
- •Checking in
- •3. A Congress
- •Questions
- •Questions
- •1. Желанный гость
- •2. На все вкусы
- •Lesson Ten
- •A Vote of No Confidence
- •Vocabulary
- •Word combinations
- •Exercises on the text
- •Exercises on prepositions and adverbs
- •Exercises in lexicology
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •1. John Byrne, Labour mp, Arrives In Marshfield
- •2. The Committee Members Show Their Attitude
- •3. Byrne Senses Danger
- •4. The Heart of the Matter
- •5. Byrne Decides It is Time to Act
- •6. The Matter is Put to the Vote
- •7. Byrne Draws His Own Conclusions
- •Special difficulties
- •Grammar exercises
- •Verbals (Revision)
- •Precis writing
- •Speech exercises
- •1. A Meeting
- •2. The General Election
- •3. The Day of the Election (Polling Day)
- •I've joined the party wtoch fights for socialism
- •Questions
- •Questions
- •Депутаты служат народу
- •I. The Election Meeting
- •2. At a Students' Meeting
- •Index to the Vocabulary Sections (Numerals Refer to Lesson Numbers)
- •Reference Vocabulary
II. The Forms of the Gerund
Ex. 27. Study the forms of the gerund.
form |
active |
passive |
non-perfect |
The American lady lay without sleeping. My watch needs repairing.* |
He had a feeling of being watched. |
perfect |
The American lady looked wholesome in spite of not having slept.** |
I've never heard of the house having been painted*** once since it was built. |
Ex. 28. Use the correct form of the gerund.
1. I think I'll have a chance of (to introduce) you to my friends. 2. I've just had the pleasure of (to introduce) to your sister. 3. Everybody was surprised at her (to leave) so soon. 4. I am tired of (to treat) like a child. 5. You've changed so much that he might be excused for not (to recognize) you. 6. She had to leave the house without (to see) by anybody. 7. I remember (to be) on friendly terms with him. 8. This matter wants (to clear up). 9. She was dancing wonderfully. I couldn't help (to impress). 10. Boys always enjoy (to swim). 11. The children were annoyed at (to tell) to leave. 12. She looked disappointed. We suspected him of (to tell) her the sad news.
Ex. 29. Translate the following sentences using gerundial phrases.
1. Прежде чем заполнять анкету, ознакомьтесь с ней. 2. Я помню, как а) я был огорчен его неудачей; б) он был огорчен моей неудачей. 3. Вы не возражаете, если я присоединюсь к вашей компании? 4. Перестань надоедать ей глупыми вопросами. 5. Мы сократили путь, переплыв' реку. 6. Увидев вдали автобус, я бросился бежать к остановке. 7. Прежде чем давать окончательный ответ, хорошенько подумай. 8. Товарищи внимательно слушали и не прерывали ее. 9. Овод рисковал быть узнанным. 10. Он разорвал письмо, не читая его. 11. Он хорошо разгадывает кроссворды. 12. Мой любимый спорт плавание. 13. Я боюсь провалиться на экзамене. 14. Ребенок боялся, что его оставят одного дома. 15. Она просто не может не опаздывать. 16. Этот факт стоит запомнить. 17. Она рассказывала мне об этом, не глядя мне в глаза. 18. Он далеко не простой человек, и с ним трудно договориться. 19. Нет смысла обсуждать этот вопрос в его отсутствии.
Mixed bag
Ex. 30. Paraphrase the following sentences using "to forget" or "to remember" followed by either an infinitive or a gerund; mind the explanation given in the model.
M o d e l: He forgot to post the letter (He didn't post it. He forgot.)
He forgot mentioning the fact to her (He mentioned the fact to her and forgot about it.)
I remembered to post the letter (I didn't forget to post it.)
I remember posting the letter (I remember that I posted it.)
1. Do you remember you beat him at chess once? 2. Please, remember that you must ring me up on Saturday. 3. I didn't return the book I had borrowed from him, I quite forgot. 4. She forgot that she had given him her telephone number and was surprised to hear his voice on the phone. 5. She quite forgot that she had asked you to book the tickets. 6. She said that she remembered that she had had a talk with him on the subject. 7. I remember I enjoyed this film. 8. Don't forget that you must write a letter. 9. Did she remember that she was to get in touch with him? 10. She forgot that she had postponed the appointment.
Ex. 31. Fill in the blanks with "not" or "without "* thus using either Participle 1 or gerund.
1. ... knowing the answer, she continued to puzzle over the problem. 2. He looked at me ... recognizing me. 3. ... recognizing me she passed by. 4. He received the news calmly ... making a fuss about it. 5. I kept silent ... wishing to attract attention. 6. ... having noticed the mistake he could not understand why they were laughing at him. 7. She departed ... once turning her head. 8. She felt lonely ... having any friends there. 9. He left the house ... waking anyone. 10. I hung up the phone ... waiting for her answer.
Ex. 32. Translate the following sentences using the gerund, the infinitive or Participle I according to the sense.
1. Ему стыдно, что он вышел из себя. 2. Ему было стыдно признаться (сказать), что он не сдал экзамен по английскому языку. 3. Я боюсь, что мне зададут этот вопрос. 4. Я боюсь сидеть на сквозняке. 5. Я помню, что ему предлагали эту работу. 6. Я забыл предложить ему чашку чая. 7. Он не забыл навести справки об условиях приема в институт. 8. Она заявила, что уже включила его в список. 9. Они остановились, чтобы перекусить. 10. Они перестали спорить. Они поняли, что это потеря времени. 11. Не желая ссориться с ним, она переменила тему разговора. 12. Они могли спорить, не ссорясь. 13. Ножницы используются для стрижки волос, разрезания бумаги, ткани и т.п. 14. Я воспользовалась ножом, чтобы разрезать книгу.
Ex. 33. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of a verbal (gerund, participle or infinitive).
Dora got into the train. It was now very full indeed and people were sitting four a side. Before ... (to sit down) she inspected herself quickly in the mirror. She looked good in spite of ... (not to sleep). She turned towards her seat. A large elderly lady moved a little ... (to make room). (It was a devilish hot day). She thought that she was lucky ... (to have a seat) and with a certain satisfaction watched the corridor ... (to fill) with people who had no seats.
Another elderly lady, ... (to make one's way) through the crowd reached the door of Dora's carriage and addressed her neighbour. "Ah, there you are, dear, I thought you were nearer the front." They looked at each other rather sadly. The ... (to stand) lady had her feet ... (to catch) in the luggage. They began a conversation about how they had never seen the train so full.
Dora stopped ... (to listen), ... (to strike) by a terrible thought. She ought to give up her seat. She refused to believe the thought but it came back. There was no doubt about it. The elderly lady who was standing looked very weak indeed, and it was only proper that Dora, who was young and healthy, should give her seat to the lady who could then sit next to her friend. Dora felt the blood ... (to rush) to her face. She sat still ... (to think over) the matter. There was no point in ... (to be hasty). It was possible of course that while clearly ... (to understand) that she ought to give up her seat she might nevertheless simply not do so out of pure selfishness. On the other side of the ... (to stand) lady a man was sitting. He was reading his newspaper and didn't seem ... (to think) about his duty. There was another aspect to the matter. She had taken the trouble of ... (to arrive) early, and surely ought ... (to reward) for this. Though perhaps the two ladies had arrived as early as they could? There was no ... (to know). But in any case there was an elementary justice in the first comers ... (to have) their seats. She thought of her state of mind as neurotic. She decided not to give up her seat.
She got up and said to the lady "Do sit down here, please. I'm not going far, and I'd much rather ... (to stand)."
"How very kind of you!" said the lady. "Now I can sit next to my friend. I have a seat of my own further down, you know. Perhaps we can just exchange seats? Do let me ... (to help) you to move your luggage." The train began ... (to move).
On ... (to reach) the other carriage Dora at once saw an empty corner seat by the window. The elderly lady departed and Dora settled down.
(after "The Bell" by Iris Murdoch)
Ex. 34. Test Translation.
1. По случаю окончания института мы организовали вечер. 2. Я мало знаю его. Мы встречаемся от случая к случаю, и разговор у нас обычно бывает только об учебе. 3. На мой взгляд это был не повод для шуток. 4. После большого и шумного города жизнь в деревне показалась им скучной и однообразной. 5. Если у вас плоскостопие, то вам лучше бы сделать туфли на заказ. 6. Невзирая на все доводы, он наотрез отказался принять наши условия. 7. Чем был вызван его поспешный отъезд? — Трудно сказать. 8. Еще до сих пор не назначен день отъезда. А ведь нам надо подумать о билетах. 9. Несмотря на то, что результаты работы были хорошими по сравнению с прошлогодними, главный инженер сказал, что надо добиться того, чтобы они были еще лучше. 10. Вам стоит починить холодильник. Он вполне еще может послужить. Ремонт обойдется недорого. 11. Из него определенно вышел бы хороший спортсмен, если бы он больше тренировался. 12. Я чувствую себя неловко в этом пальто. Оно мне велико. Мне надо было бы купить другое, на размер меньше. 13. Книги были единственным утешением для него во время болезни. 14. Этим вопросом следует заняться отдельно. Он требует изучения. 15. Они знали, что все трудности уже были позади, и это была очень утешительная мысль. 16. Ему, вероятно, потребуется немало времени, чтобы придти в себя после такого потрясения. 17. Просят, чтобы выступающие не отклонялись от темы, а говорили по существу. 18. Цена за товар не включает упаковку. Плата за упаковку взимается отдельно.