Miscellaneous phrases

принадлежать кому-л; обращать внимание на детали; приносить пользу (вред) делу; говорить по существу; придерживаться принци­пов; положить конец спорам; привести к хорошим результатам; ожи­дать с нетерпением приглашения (праздника); показать на вывеску (картину); заняться делом (работой); разбиться на куски; разорвать в клочья; костюм, сделанный на заказ; право на образование (труд); плечом к плечу; лицом к лицу.

Exercises in lexicology

Ex. 11. Recast the following sentences, using nouns with "-ness" instead of the words in bold type. Make all other necessary changes.

1. I was surprised to see how calmly he took the news. 2. She looked at the child fondly. 3. There was a sad feeling in his heart. 4. The very fact that the situation was hopeless seemed to give her new strength. 5. He had ruined his own chances by being foolish and thoughtless. 6. The accident had happened through his being careless. 7. We strongly doubted that he would remain firm in his decision to make a fresh start. 8. They were kind and friendly, and it touched me greatly.

Ex. 12. Give words of the same root in Russian- Compare the meaning.

motor, horn, chocolate, racket, present (n), infant, triumphant, melancholy, reconstruction, convulsive, to pack, to function

Ex. 13. In the following groups of sentences compare the meaning of the verbs in bold type. Translate the sentences into Russian. Give your own examples.

1. a) The children were too excited to be calmed at once. b) It took us some time to calm down after the argument. 2. a) The shops are al­most sure to be closed at this hour. b) The factory was closed down. 3. a) Leave that TV set alone, you'll be breaking it. b) The car broke down when we were half way between the two cities. 4. a) Don't add any more wood into the fire. It's burning brightly enough, b) By the time the fire brigade arrived the house had burned down. 5. a) He died fight­ing for his country, b) He fought down the anger rising in him and continued speaking in a calm even voice.

Vocabulary exercises

Ex. 14. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word in the correct form. Trans­late the sentences into Russian.

accident; to belong; to care (2); care (2); to doubt; doubt (2); to drop (2); to fail; habit (2); to obey; to run; to sink; to speed; speed; speedy; to stick (2); to waste; to wish; to worry (2)

1. We all ... the newly-married couple the best of luck. 2. Orders are given to be .... 3. Five minutes from the end, we were still in ... about the results of the match. 4. He would not ... his time on people who refused to help themselves. 5. The train ... through the night, tak­ing us farther and farther away from home. 6. She didn't really ... what people said about her as long as she felt she was doing the right thmg. 7. When she heard that the plane was reported missing, her heart … . 8. He started up the engine to see if it was ... properly. 9. We all had free use of the bicycle as it didn't seem to ... to anyone in parti­cular. 10. I've always known him to be a truthful person and have no reason to ... his words. 11. Bad ... die hard. 12. He chose his words with … as he didn't feel quite safe on the subject. 13. Though unexpected questions were asked and ... openly expressed, he ... to his story. 14. He had never ... for football or any other of the noisy outdoor games. 15. He had been hoping for a ... decision and was disappointed to learn about another week's wait. 16. The car was picking up ... . 17. It was the runner's bad luck that he met with an .. almost having reached the finish. 18. We hadn’t heard from our friend lately and were beginning to get… . 19. If there's no hope of reaching agreement it's always better to ... a subject than waste time arguing. 20. The child had a must upsetting ... of staring at people. 21. The young man was moved to hos­pital where he would be getting the best of medical ... . 22. She ... over the least thing that goes wrong. 23. He had been given the name in fun, but somehow it ... . 24. That night the temperature ... sharply to five below zero. 25. He believed in his friends, they had never ... him.

Ex. 15. Paraphrase the following, using words and. word combinations given below. Make all necessary changes.

to care (2); to drop; to drop in (at); to waste; to obey; to fail (2); to stick (to) (2); to cheer up; to put right; to slow down; to take care of (2); from habit; without doubt (2); in low spirits; at a loss; in the habit (of); no point (in); to go wrong (2).

1. He seemed to have little liking for modern jazz. 2. It was useless trying to change the arrangement. Everything had been settled weeks ago. 3. Though there was no need to, she continued getting up early because she had always got up early. 4. He went away leaving his affa­irs in terrible disorder; it would take time to get them arranged satis­factorily. 5. I'd been watching him closely and noticed his eyes suddenly widen with fright; clearly something unpleasant had happened. 6. Ap­proaching the turn the car started moving slower. 7. The difficulties were dealt with one by one. 8. It was all the same to him whether he won or lost the game. 9. His kind words raised my spirits. 10. Not every habit is easy to get rid of. 11. All his efforts to get them to make up they; quarrel were useless. 12. He promised to let me know if things turned out badly. 13. She said she would pay me a short visit some after­noon. 14. His son had disappointed him, he had had such high hopes for the boy. 15. The woman was warned to keep to the facts of the acci­dent. 16. He said he would arrange matters with the tickets, luggage and all the rest of it. 17. It was most certainly the funniest joke I'd ever heard. 18. She was used to taking a cup of tea in the afternoon. 19. He was uncertain what to do or say. 20. She was so excited at the news that the right words wouldn't come. 21. He wouldn't change a word in his story. 22. She was gloomy arid depressed, not like her usual self at all. 23. Children are expected to do as they are told.

Ex. 16. Speak on the following topics, using the words and expressions given below.