4. Образуйте соответствующее однокоренное слово. Egyptian pyramids
A pyramid is a monumental (1) tomb in the shape of a pentahedron built by the ancient Egyptians to cover or contain the burial (2) chamber of the Pharaoh. Its origin lay in the mud brick mastaba of the archaic period, which in the Old Kingdom rapidly (3) became more elaborate with the use of stone, regularity (4) of shape, and above all increase of size. Stages of this development (5) are marked by the Step Pyramid at Sakkara, the bent Pyramid at Dahshur and the Pyramid of Meidum. The largest and the most famous, the Giza Pyramid group, belonged to pharaohs Cheops, Chephren and Mykerinus of the 4th dynasty. The Great pyramid of Cheops measured 230 m a side with an original (6) height of 147m. It was laid out with remarkable accuracy (7), its sides of the same length (8) to within 20 cm and aligned on the cardinal points to within 0,1 of a degree. Many devices to prevent violation (9) were incorporated but to no effect. The
elaborateness (10) of funerary ritual, witnessed by the mortuary temples attached to all pyramids, had the same purpose, of guaranteeing the eternal (11) well-being of the deceased. The construction (12) of the pyramids as early as C26 BC was an extraordinary achievement of engineering (13) and architecture illustrating the lengths the builders would go to in securing immortality (14) for their defied rulers.
5. Образуйте соответствующее однокоренное слово. Sphinx
A
sphinx is a
colossal (1)
statue of a lion with a man’s, or more rarely a ram’s head.
Originally
(2)
considered by the Egyptians to represent the 
guardians (3) of the Gates of Sunset, the statues were usually erected to guard tombs or temples from intruders (4). The ram was the personification (5) of the Sun God Ra, while, according to ancient Egyptian beliefs (6), the deceased pharaoh was assimilated (7) to the sun. The largest and most famous of the sphinxes is that of Giza, carved from the knoll produced (8) by the quarrying of stone for the Great Pyramid. Its features are those of the pharaoh Chephren of the 4th dynasty,
C26 BC. It is 73 m in length (9) and 20 m in height (10). Human-headed lions, usually female, were also portrayed (11) by the Hittites and Greeks. Sometimes small temples nestle between the gigantic (12) paws of the sphinxes.
6. Образуйте соответствующее однокоренное слово. Babylon
Babylon
is the ancient capital of Mesopotamia, located
(1) 80
km south of Baghdad. It first reached prominence
(2)
1792 BC, under Hammurabi, who made it the capital of his empire
(3).
The excavation by the Germans in 1899-1917 revealed the city’s
plan, the scanty remains
(4)
of its Ziggurat (the historical
(5) tower
of Babel), temples, palaces, and the substructure of what has been
interpreted as the original
(6)
Hanging Gardens. 
The old city of Babylon had the form of an irregular (7) quadrangle on the bank of the Euphrates. It was surrounded by a huge double fortification (8) wall, with projecting towers and a navigable (9) moat, making a total circuit of five and a quarter miles. There was a Summer Palace, and from here the great Procession Street approached its entrance (10) to the inner city through the famous Ishtar Gate still standing to some 11 m high, with two pairs of towers and roomy (11) internal chambers. All facades were faced with blue-glazed bricks and richly (12) ornamented with figures of heraldic animals in splendid coloured relief against the royal blue background (13).
Time has dealt very hard with the city’s ruins, mainly because its baked (14) brick was highly prized for later construction (15) in the region where there is no abundant (16) local stone.
7. Выберите подходящее слово из предложенных трех вариантов.