8. Образуйте соответствующее однокоренное слово. Ancient rome
Ancient Rome was an urban civilization based on the city of Rome, which lasted for about 800 years. (1) Traditionally founded as a kingdom in 753 BC, Rome became a republic in 510 BC, following the (2) expulsion of its last Etruscan king, with power concentrated solely (3) in patricians’ hands. From then on, its history is one of continual (4) expansion until the murder of Julius Caesar and the foundation (5) of the Empire in 27 BC under Augustus and his successors (6). At its peak under Trajan, the Roman Empire stretched from Britain to Mesopotamia and the Caspian Sea. A long line of emperors ruling (7) by virtue of military, rather than civil, power marked the beginning of Rome’s long and painful (8) decline; under Diocletian in 395 AD the Empire was divided into two parts – East and West- although it was temporarily reunite (9) under Constantine, the first emperor to formally (10) adopt Christianity. The end of the Roman Empire is generally dated by the deposition (11) of the last emperor in the west in 476 AD. This was preceded (12) by the invasion of Visigoths, Huns and, finally, Vandals in 455 AD. The eastern Empire continued until 1453 with the capital at Constantinople.
9. Выберите подходящее слово из предложенных трех вариантов.
The celts
Historians (1) suppose that the Celts came from southern Germany. Their (2) influence spread to Spain, Britain, northern Italy and even reached as far as Turkey. The Celts lived mainly in agricultural (3) communities, each with their own chief. These tribes were (4) united by the Druids, who were (5) learned priests and lawmakers, (6) wizards and bards. Bards were poets who would (7) wander from place to place, singing
(8) epic sagas. They were a very (9) essential part of Celtic life. Through the bards’ ballads and poems, people learnt about their history, laws, religion and news. The Celts also had (10) gifted musicians, metal workers and artists who made jewelry, weapons and pottery. Like the Vikings, the Celts were (11) fierce warriors and used iron to make weapons. Around 80 AD they came under Roman rule. After the (12) decline of Rome, Celtic ways survived only in Ireland, Cornwall, Brittany and parts of Wales and Scotland.
|
1 |
A suppose |
B expose |
C impose |
|
2 |
A affluence |
B impact |
C influence |
|
3 |
A commodities |
B communities |
C companies |
|
4 |
A united |
B unified |
C untied |
|
5 |
A learning |
B learnt |
C learned |
|
6 |
A wisdom |
B wizards |
C weird |
|
7 |
A wound |
B wonder |
C wander |
|
8 |
A epic |
B ethic |
C pathetic |
|
9 |
A substantial |
B essential |
C influential |
|
10 |
A guilty |
B genuine |
C gifted |
|
11 |
A furious |
B fiery |
C fierce |
|
12 |
A decline |
B incline |
C recline |