- •Textbook Series
- •Contents
- •ATPL Book 14 Communications
- •1 Definitions
- •Introduction
- •Transmission of Letters and Numbers
- •Definitions
- •Abbreviations
- •Categories of Messages
- •VHF Range
- •2 General Operating Procedures
- •Introduction
- •Technique
- •Transmission of Time
- •Standard Words and Phrases
- •Call Signs
- •Direction Finding (DF)
- •Radio Test Procedures
- •Transfer of Communications
- •Readback
- •Radar Procedures
- •Conditional Clearances
- •3 Phraseology
- •Introduction
- •General Phraseology
- •Area Control Services
- •Approach Control Services
- •Starting Procedures
- •Coordination between ATS Units
- •General Radar Phraseologies
- •Radar in Approach Control Service
- •Surveillance Radar Approach
- •PAR Approach
- •SSR Phraseology
- •8.33 kHz Phraseology
- •Initial Message
- •4 Weather Information
- •Introduction
- •Sources of Weather Information
- •Supplementary Information
- •5 Failures and Emergencies
- •Introduction
- •Communications Failure
- •Emergencies
- •Distress Procedures
- •Urgency Procedures
- •Medical Transports
- •Communications Related to Acts of Unlawful Interference
- •Introduction
- •Call Signs
- •Level Reporting
- •Position Reporting
- •MET Reports
- •Communication Failure under IFR
- •SELCAL
- •NDB Approach Profiles
- •7 VHF Propagation
- •Introduction
- •Radio Frequency Bands
- •VHF Frequency Spread
- •VHF Frequency Separation
- •VHF Propagation Characteristics
- •Factors Affecting VHF Propagation
- •Effective Range of VHF
- •Freak Propagation
- •8 Questions
- •Specimen Questions – IFR
- •9 Index
Weather Information |
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Supplementary Information
Some other information may also be included in reports, particularly with regard to runway conditions:
•Standing water, e.g. damp, wet, water patches or flooded. Snow, slush, ice.
•Braking action - given for touchdown zone, midpoint, stop end (see table below).
•Other runway surface conditions (e.g. threshold displaced 1000 ft due to work in progress).
•Obstructions.
•Wind shear warnings etc.
For example:
“Oxford 94, braking action medium due to heavy rain”
“Oxford 94”
Braking Action Code
From data collected from operations on compacted snow and ice, an assessment table has been produced to relate a measured braking coefficient to an estimated braking action and hence to a simple code for braking action. It must be borne in mind that the description “good” is a comparative value and is intended to mean that aeroplanes should not experience directional control or braking difficulties when landing, but conditions would not be as good as on a clean, dry, runway.
The measured coefficient may be reported as a 2 digit code without the decimal.
Measured |
Estimated |
Code |
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Coefficient |
Braking Action |
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0.40 and above |
Good |
5 |
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0.39 - 0.36 |
Medium to good |
4 |
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0.35 - 0.30 |
Medium |
3 |
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0.29 - 0.26 |
Medium to poor |
2 |
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0.25 and below |
Poor |
1 |
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Weather Information 4
109
4 |
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Weather Information |
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Information Weather 4
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