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Кировоградская Лётная Академия Национального Авиационного Университета

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[НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]

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060 Navigation 2 - Radio Navigation - 2014.pdf

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Chapter

Index

381

20 Index

Index 20

382

Index 20

1:60 rule:...................................................	162
2D RNAV...................................	262, 263, 264
3D RNAV...................................................	262
4D Fix........................................................	316
4D RNAV...........................................	262, 267
15 000 Pulse Pairs......................................	249
16 700 000.................................................	234
24 Bit Code................................................	234
27 pps........................................................	249
60 pps.......................................................	249
150 Pulse Pairs Per Second........................	249
737-800 FMS.............................................	268
4096..........................................................	233
7500..........................................................	233
7600..........................................................	233
7700..........................................................	233

A9W..........................................................	115
ABAS.........................................................	319
Absorption..................................................	19
Accuracy of ADF.......................................	101
Achievable Ranges......................................	31
ACT ECON PATH DES................................	277
ADC...........................................................	261
ADF.....................................................	85, 285
Aerial Feeders.............................................	56
Aerodrome Surveillance Approach Radars . .
	201
Aerodrome Surveillance Radar. . . . . .	. . . 199
Aeronautical Stations.................................	75
AFDS.........................................................	268
Air Based Augmentation Systems ......	319
Airborne Doppler........................................	68
Airborne Weather Radar (AWR) .......	184
AIRFIELD SURFACE MOVEMENT INDICATOR
	201
Air/Ground Navigational Systems. . . .	. . 184
Airport Surface Movement Radar. .	199, 201
Air Traffic Control.....................................	184
Airways.............................................	111, 184
All Call.......................................................	234
Almanac....................................................	313
Amplitude Modulation (AM)...............	43, 44
Angle of Bank (dip)..................................	100
Antenna....................................................	211
Antennae....................................................	55
Area Surveillance Radar............................	199
ASMI.................................................	190, 201
ASMR........................................................	199
ASR............................................................	199

A/T............................................................		268
ATC Radar Antennae................................		188
Attenuation........................................		19, 189
Automatic Altitude Telemetering. . .		. . . . 232
Automatic Direction Finder (ADF). . .		. . . . 85
Automatic Gain Control............................		217
Automatic Site Monitor............................		115
AWR..........................................	190, 207, 285
B
Back Azimuth............................................		174
Back Beam Approach...............................		156
Back Course..............................................		147
Back Course Approaches..........................		148
Back Course ILS.........................................		153
Back-up Control Station............................		310
Bandwidth..................................................		44
Beacon Saturation....................................		249
Beamwidth...............................................		211
BFO.............................................................		89
B-RNAV......................................................		261
Broadcast..................................................		234
BVOR.........................................................		116
C
C/A code...................................................		309
Cardioid......................................................		87
Carrier Wave...............................................		46
Cartesian Coordinate System.. . . . . . . . . 306
Category I.................................................		158
Category II................................................		158
Category III...............................................		158
Category IIIA.............................................		158
Category IIIB.............................................		158
Category IIIC.............................................		159
CDI (Course Deviation Indicator).....		125, 127,
		262
CDU...................................	262, 265, 268, 270
Circular Polarization......................................		4
Class of Bearing...........................................		76
Climb.........................................................		275
Coastal Refraction......................................		99
Comm-A....................................................		236
Comm-B....................................................		236
Comm-C....................................................		236
Comm-D....................................................		236
Cone of Ambiguity...................................		118
Conspicuity Code......................................		233
CONT.........................................................		217
Continuous Wave......................................		183
CONTOUR.................................................		217

Index 20

383

20 Index

Index 20

Control Display Unit..................................		270
Control Segment...............................		307, 310
Control Zones............................................		184
Cosecant Squared.....................................		211
Course Deviation Bar........................		125, 126
Course Deviation Indicator.......................		155
Course Selector Knob...............................		119
Critical Angle...............................................		27
Crosswind....................................................		92
Cruise........................................................		276
CRZ............................................................		276
CVOR.........................................................		116
D
DAPS.........................................................		237
Data Link...................................................		234
DBVORTAC................................................		116
Dead Space.................................................		27
Dead Time.................................................		187
Decision Height.........................................		147
Descent.....................................................		277
Designated Operational Coverage (DOC). 98,
		116, 251
Desired Track............................................		261
DGPS.........................................................		319
Differential GPS.........................................		319
Dilution of Precision..................................		318
Directivity..............................................		20, 58
Directors......................................................		58
Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) . 148,
		184, 243
D-layer.........................................................		25
DME.................................	148, 149, 174, 243,
		265, 285
DME/P.......................................................		174
DOC...................................................		116, 265
DOP...........................................................		318
Doppler Frequency.....................................		67
Doppler Navigation Systems. . . . . . . .		. . . . 70
Doppler Principle........................................		67
Doppler Shift...............................................		67
Doppler VOR.............................................		118
Downlink Aircraft Parameters. . . . . . .		. . 237
Drift.......................................................		92, 93
Drift Assessment...................................		94, 95
DVOR................................................		116, 118

Echo Protection Circuit.............................		251
Effect of Aircraft Manoeuvre .........		318
EFIS....................................................		207, 285
EGNOS...............................................		305, 320
EHSI...........................................................		285
EHSI Colour Coding...................................		290
EHSI Controller..........................................		285
EHSI Symbology........................................		291
E-layer.........................................................		25
Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation.........		3
EM Energy.....................................................		4
Emission Designators..................................		47
En Route NDBs............................................		88
Ephemeris.................................................		305
Ephemeris Errors.......................................		317
ETRS89......................................................		306
Expanded ILS Mode..................................		288
Expanded Rose VOR/ILS...........................		286
Expanded VOR Mode...............................		287
F
Fading.........................................................		20
FAF............................................................		160
False Glide Slope(s)...................................		154
Fan-shaped................................................		211
“Fan-shaped” Beam..................................		216
Final Approach..........................................		160
First Returning Sky Wave............................		27
Flare..........................................................		174
Flat Plate...................................................		211
Flat Plate Antenna....................................		192
Flat Plate Array...........................................		61
F-layer..........................................................		25
Fly Left.......................................................		126
Fly Right....................................................		126
FM Broadcasts..........................................		160
FMC...................................	266, 268, 269, 285
FMCS.........................................................		268
Framing Pulses..........................................		231
Frequency Bands...........................................		8
Frequency Modulation (FM).................		43, 46
Frequency Pairing.....................................		148
Fruiting......................................................		233
Full Rose ILS Mode....................................		288
Full Rose VOR/ILS......................................		286
Full Rose VOR Mode.................................		287

E		G
EASA CS-25...............................................	285	GAGAN.....................................................	320
Echo..........................................................	188	Garbling....................................................	233
Echo Principle....................................	186, 211	GBAS.........................................................	319

384

Index 20

GDOP........................................................		318
Geometric Dilution of Precision.	. . . . . .	. 318
Geostationary SVs.....................................		321
Gigahertz......................................................		5
Glide Path.................................................		148
Glide Path Indications...............................		157
Glide Slope................................................		154
GLONASS..................................................		305
GNSS.................................................	261, 305
Goniometer.................................................		88
GPS............................................................		305
GPS and GLONASS....................................		322
GPS Errors.................................................		317
GPS Segments...........................................		307
GPS Time...................................................		307
Ground Based Augmentation Systems. .		319
Ground Monitoring of ILS........................		151
Ground Speed...........................................		252
Guidance...................................................		147
H
Half-wave Dipole........................................		55
Harmonization..........................................		191
HDOP........................................................		318
Heterodyning..............................................		44
HF Communications....................................		32
High Frequency (HF).....................................		8
Hold..........................................................		220
Holding.................................................		91, 96
Holding Area...............................................		96
Holding points..........................................		160
Homing.......................................................		91
Horizontal Dilution of Precision.	. . . . . . .	318
Horizontal Situation Indicator. .	. . . . . . .	155
HSI.....................................................	127, 262
HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator). .		126
I
IAF.............................................................		160
Ident..........................................................		231
IDENT........................................................		271
ILS..............................................	147, 148, 285
ILS Approach Chart...................................		160
ILS Calculations.........................................		162
ILS Categories (ICAO)...............................		158
ILS Components........................................		147
ILS Coverage.............................................		151
ILS Critical Area.........................................		159
ILS/MLS.....................................................		261
ILS Principle of Operation.........................		153
ILS Reference Datum Point.......................		155

ILS Sensitive Area......................................	160
Inbound Track-keeping.............................	129
Information Pulses....................................	231
Initial Approach........................................	160
INMARSAT................................................	321
INS/IRS......................................................	261
Instrument Approach...............................	147
Instrument Landing System. . . .	. . . . . . . 147
Integrity Monitoring.................................	319
Intermediate.............................................	160
Intermode.................................................	234
Interrogation Frequency...........................	247
Interrogator..............................	183, 227, 247
Inverse Square Law.....................................	19
Inversion...................................................	190
Ionization Intensity.....................................	28
Ionospheric Conditions.............................	309
Ionospheric Propagation....................	24, 313
Ionospheric Propagation Error. .	. . . . . . . 317
Ionospheric Scatter...................................	185
IRS.....................................................	268, 285
J
Janus Array...........................................	68, 69
Jittered......................................................	248
K
Kalman Filtering........................................	278
Kepler’s Laws............................................	305
Keyed Modulation......................................	43
Kilohertz.......................................................	5
L
L1 Frequency.............................................	308
L2 Frequency.............................................	308
L3 Frequency.............................................	308
LAAS.........................................................	319
LADGNSS...................................................	305
Level 1.......................................................	236
Level 2.......................................................	236
Level 3.......................................................	236
Level 4.......................................................	236
Level 4 RNAV.............................................	266
Limaçon.....................................................	112
Line of Sight......................................	243, 251
Line of Sight Range (MTR) ............	78
LNAV.................................................	268, 277
Localizer....................................................	148
Localizer Indications.................................	156
Locator................................................	88, 148
Loop Aerial.....................................	59, 85, 89

Index 20

385

Index 20

Index

Lower Sideband (LSB).................................	44
Low Frequency (LF)......................................	8
M
MAN..........................................................	217
MANUAL...................................................	216
MANUAL GAIN.........................................	216
MAP..................................................	216, 286
Map Mode................................................	289
Mapping Beam.........................................	216
Mapping Mode.........................................	211
Marconi Aerial............................................	55
Marker Beacons........................	147, 148, 149
Markers.....................................................	148
Masked......................................................	308
Master Control Station.....................	310, 321
Maximum Range......................................	189
Maximum Theoretical Range..........	23
Maximum Usable Frequency...........	32
Max. Theoretical Range............................	189
MCS...........................................................	321
Medium Frequency (MF). . . . . . .	. . . . . . . . 8
Megahertz....................................................	5
Microwave Horn.......................................	192
Microwave Landing System. . . . .	. . . . . . 171
MLS...........................................................	171
Mode A.....................................................	230
Mode C.............................................	230, 232
Mode S......................................................	234
Monitoring Stations..................................	310
Mountain Effect..........................................	99
Moving Target Indication.........................	191
MSAS.........................................................	320
MTI............................................................	191
MUF............................................................	32
Multi-channel Receivers............................	311
Multi-hop Sky..............................................	31
Multi-mode Receivers...............................	177
Multipath Reception.................................	317
Multiplex Receivers...................................	311
N
N0NA1A................................................	49, 89
N0NA2A................................................	49, 89
Narrow Band FM (NBFM)...........................	46
Navigation Message.................................	313
NAVSTAR...................................................	305
ND.............................................................	207
NES............................................................	321
Night Effect.................................................	98
Non-directional Beacon (NDB). .	. . . . . . . . 85

Non-ionospheric Propagation . .	. . . .	. . . . 21
Null Positions..............................................		86
O
OBS...........................................................		119
Omni-bearing Selector..............................		119
Omni-directional.......................................		112
Operational Performance Categories		. . 158
Operational Range of VOR.......................		116
Outbound Flight.......................................		130
Outbound Tracking.....................................		93
Outbound Track Maintenance .........		95
P
P1..............................................................		230
P2..............................................................		230
P3..............................................................		230
PAPIs.........................................................		155
PAR....................................................		190, 199
Parabolic...................................................		211
Parabolic Dish.............................................		60
Parabolic Reflector....................................		192
Parasitic Elements.......................................		58
P Codes.....................................................		309
PDOP.........................................................		318
Pencil-shaped Beam..................................		211
Period............................................................		5
Phase Comparison................................		9, 112
Phased Array...............................................		61
Phase Difference.......................................		112
Phase Modulation.................................		43, 47
PLAN.........................................................		286
Plan Mode.................................................		289
Polar Diagrams......................................		57, 86
Polarization...................................................		4
POS INIT....................................................		272
Position Dilution of Precision. . .	. . . .	. . . 318
Position Reference System........................		306
Power..........................................................		20
PPI.............................................................		191
pps....................................................		185, 309
Practical Range.........................................		187
Precipitation Static......................................		98
Precision Approach Radar (PAR)	...	184, 199
PRF............................................	185, 200, 248
Primary Radar...........................	183, 188, 211
PRN...........................................................		308
P-RNAV......................................................		261
Propagation................................................		19
Propagation Error.....................................		117
Propagation Paths......................................		21

386

Index 20

Pseudo-random Noise...............................			308
Pseudo-range....................................			314, 315
Pulse Length.............................................			185
Pulse Modulation..................................			43, 47
Pulse Recurrence Frequency (PRF). . .			. . . 185
Pulse Recurrence Interval (PRI). .		. . . .	. . . 185
Pulses........................................................			183
Pulse Technique................................			185, 247
Pythagoras................................................			211
PZ90..........................................................			306
Q
Q-Code........................................................			75
QDM...................................................			76, 121
QDR.............................................		76, 113, 121
QTE..............................................................			76
Quadrantal Error......................................			100
QUJ.............................................................			76
R
Radar.........................................................			183
Radar Aerials...............................................			60
Radar Beam..............................................			211
Radar Frequencies....................................			185
Radar Resolution......................................			191
Radar Shadow...........................................			218
Radial................................................			113, 124
Radial Interceptions..................................			129
Radio.............................................................			5
Radio Magnetic Indicator...................			90, 122
Range Error...............................................			321
Range Search....................................			247, 249
Rate of Descent.........................................			162
RBI...............................................................			90
RCS............................................................			321
Receiver Noise Error..................................			317
Receiver Sensitivity......................................			20
Reference Signal.......................................			112
Reference Stations....................................			321
Reflector.....................................................			58
Refracting Layers........................................			29
Regaining Inbound Track............................			94
Regional Control Stations.........................			321
Relative Bearing..................................			94, 124
Relative Bearing Indicator..........................			90
Restoration Time......................................			190
RHO-THETA...............................................			243
RMI......................................	90, 122, 123, 127
RMI (Radio Magnetic Indicator). .		. . .	. . . 124
RNAV.................................................			261, 265
ROD...........................................................			162

RS..............................................................	321
RTE............................................................	273
Runway Instrument Approach Procedures. 97
S
Satellite Based Augmentation Systems. 320
Satellite Orbits..........................................	305
Saturated..................................................	249
SBAS..................................................	319, 320
Scalloping..................................................	159
Searchlight................................................	188
Searchlight Principle.................................	211
Secondary Radar...............................	183, 246
Secondary Surveillance Radar...........	184, 227
Second Trace Returns...............................	192
Selective....................................................	234
Selective Availability (SA).........................	318
Selective Calling........................................	235
Self-contained...........................................	261
Sense Aerial...........................................	86, 89
Sensitive Time Control..............................	217
Sequential Receivers.................................	311
Shadow.....................................................	219
SID.............................................................	269
Side Lobes...................................................	59
Signal/noise Ratio.......................................	45
Single Sideband (SSB).................................	45
Site Error...................................................	117
Skip Distance...............................................	27
Skysearch..................................................	313
Sky Wave.....................................................	27
Sky Wave Propagation................................	30
Slant Range...............................	211, 243, 247
Slotted Antenna..........................................	61
Slotted Planar Array..................................	192
Space Segment.................................	307, 308
Space Vehicles (SVs)..................................	305
Space Wave.................................................	23
Special Position Identification .........	231
SPI.............................................................	231
SPS.............................................................	309
SSR............................................................	227
Stack............................................................	96
Standard Positioning Service. . . .	. . . . . . 309
STAR..........................................................	269
Static Interference................................	20, 98
Station Identification................................	250
Station Interference....................................	99
Station Passage.........................................	130
Station-referenced....................................	261
STCA..........................................................	235

Index 20

387

20 Index

Index 20

Sub-refraction.............................................		35
Super High Frequency (SHF). . . .	. . . .	. . . . . 8
Super-refraction..................................		35, 117
Surface Wave..............................................		21
Surveillance Radar Approach (SRA). . . 184
Surveillance Radars...................................		190
SV Clock Error...................................		309, 317
SV Clock Time...........................................		309
SV Position................................................		309
Swept Gain................................................		217
T
TACAN......................................................		246
TAR............................................................		199
TCAS..........................................................		285
TDM..........................................................		174
TDOP.........................................................		318
Terminal Area Surveillance Radar. . . .		. . . 199
TEST VOR (VOT)........................................		115
TGT Alert...................................................		220
The Ionosphere...........................................		24
Theoretical Maximum Range.........		187
Thunderstorms...................................		98, 219
Tilt Control................................................		215
Time Dilution of Precision.........................		318
Time Division Multiplexing.......................		174
Time Multiplexing.....................................		174
Time Referenced Scanning Beam. . . .		. . . 174
Time to First Fix.........................................		313
TMA..........................................................		200
TO/FROM..........................................		118, 121
TONE...........................................................		89
TONE/VOICE...............................................		89
Tracking Inbound........................................		92
Track Maintenance.....................................		91
Transmission Power..................................		189
Transponder..............................	183, 227, 247
Triple IRS...................................................		278
Tropospheric Propagation Error.	. . . .	. . . 317
TRSB..........................................................		174
Turbulence................................................		213
TVOR.........................................................		116
Twin FMC..................................................		277
Twin IRS.....................................................		277
Twin Pulses................................................		249
Twin Wire Feeder........................................		56
U
Ultra High Frequency (UHF)............		8
Unique Address........................................		235
Upper Sideband (USB)................................		44

US DOD.....................................................	318
User Segment....................................	307, 311
UTC...........................................................	307
V
Variable Phase...........................................	112
VDF.............................................................	75
VDF Summary.............................................	79
VDOP........................................................	318
Vertical Dilution of Precision ..........	318
Very High Frequency (VHF).............	8
VHF Direction Finder..................................	75
VHF Omni-directional Range. . . . . . . .	. . 111
Visual Glide Path Indicators. . . . . . . . .	. . 155
VNAV................................................	268, 277
VOR...................................................	111, 285
VOR Airborne Equipment.........................	119
VOR Deviation Indicator...........................	119
VOR/DME.................................................	261
VOR/DME Frequency Pairing.. . . . . . . . . 250
VOR Receiver............................................	112
VOR Summary...........................................	132
VORTAC.....................................................	116
VOR Transmitter.......................................	112
VOT...........................................................	116
W
WAAS........................................................	320
WADGNSS.................................................	305
WADGPS...................................................	321
Waveguide............................................	56, 60
Wavelength...................................................	6
Waves............................................................	5
WEA..........................................................	217
WGS84......................................................	306

388

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