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Study the grammar material:
Структура USED TO
a We use used to with the base form (used to do / used to smoke, etc.) to say that something happened regularly in the past but no longer happens:
■ "Do you go to the movies very often?" "Not now, but used to."
■ Sue used to travel a lot. These days she doesn't go away very often.
We also use used to for past situations ( that no longer exist):
■ This building is now a furniture store. It used be a movie theater.
■ Do you see that hill over there? There used to be a castle on that hill.
■ I've started drinking tea lately. I never used to like it before.
b Used to + base form is always past. There is no present. You cannot say " I use to do". For the present, use the simple present (I do). Compare the present and past:
past he used to smoke we used to live there used to be
present he smokes we live there is
c The normal question form is did... use to... ?:
■ Did you use to eat a lot of candy when you were a child? The negative form is didn't use to... (or never used to)
■ Jim didn't use to go out very often until he met Jill. (or never used to go out)
d Be careful not to confuse I used to do and I am used to doing The structures and meanings are different:
■ l used to live alone (= I lived alone but I no longer live alone )
■ l am used to living alone. (= I live alone and don't find it strange or new
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Complete each sentence with used to...
Example: Denis doesn’t smoke any more, but he ….used to smoke …40 cigarettes a day.
1, The baby doesn't cry so much no, .but she....................................every night.
2, She....................................my best friend, but we are not friend any more.
3, We live in Barcelona now, but we....................................in Madrid.
4, Now there's only one café in the village, but there ………three
5, When I was a child I....................................icecream, but I don't like it now.
6, Now Tom has a car. He....................................a motorcycle.
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Write some sentences about a man who changed his lifestyle. Ron stopped doing some things and started doing other things:
studying hard smoking
He stopped going to bed early He started staying out late
running three miles every morning spending a lot of money
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Ask questions to the sentences.
Example: I know he doesn’t smoke now, but …did he use to smoke …?
1). I know he doesn’t play the pianj now, but ………..
2) I know he doesn't dance these days, but ..................
3) I know he doesn't have many friends now, but..........
4) I know he isn’t very rich now, but ………..
5) I know he doesn’t go out very often these days, but ……….
Convention') and Rule 21 of the Rules of Court, as a Chamber composed of the following judges:
Mr. G. Balladore Pallieri, President,
Mr. J. Cremona,
Mrs. H. Pedersen,
Mr. Thor Vilhjalmsson,
Sir Gerald Fitzmaurice,
Mr. P.-H. Teitgen,
Mr. F. Matscher,
and Mr. H. Petzold, Deputy Registrar,
having deliberated in private room from 17 to 19 January and on Hand 15 March 1978,
delivers the following judgement, which was adopted on the last-mentioned date:
PROCEDURE
1. The Tyrer case was referred to the Court by the European Commission of Human Rights (hereinafter referred to as 'the Commission'). The case originated in an application against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland lodged with the Commission on 21 September 1972 under Article 25 of the Convention by a United Kingdom citizen, Mr. Antony M. Tyrer.
AS TO THE FACTS
A. The applicant punishment
9. Mr. Antony M. Tyrer, born on 21 September 1956, is a resident in Castletown, Isle of Man. On 7 March 1972, being then aged 15 and of previous good character, he pleaded guilty before the local juvenile court to unlawful assault occasioning actual bodily harm to a senior pupil at his school. The assault, committed by the applicant in company with three other boys, was apparently motivated by the fact that the victim had reported the boys for taking beer into the school, as a result of which they had been caned. The applicant was sentenced on the same day to three strokes of the birch in accordance with the relevant legislation. See paragraph 11 below.
He appealed against sentence to the Stuff of Government Division of the High Court of Justice of the Isle of Man. The appeal was
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heard and dismissed on the afternoon of 28 April 1972; the court considered that an unprovoked assault occasioning actual bodily harm was always very serious and that there were no reasons for interfering with the sentence.
10. Mr. Tyrer was birched late in the afternoon of the same day. His father and a doctor were present. The applicant was made to take down his trousers and underpants and bend over a table; he was held by two policemen whilst a third administered the punishment, pieces of the birch breaking at the first stroke. The applicant's father lost his self-control and after the third stroke «went for» one of the policemen and had to be restrained.
11. The applicant was sentenced pursuant to section 56 (1) of the Petty Sessions and Summary Jurisdiction Act 1927 (as amended by section 8 of the Summary Jurisdiction Act 1960) of the Isle of Man, whereby:
'Any person who shall —
(a) unlawfully assault or beat any other person;
(b) make use of provoking language or behaviour tending to a breach of the peace
shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding thirty pounds or be imprisoned for a term not exceeding six months and, in addition to, or instead of, either such punishment, if the offender is a male child or male young person, to be whipped.' The expressions 'child' and 'young person' mean, respectively, an individual of or over the age of 10 and under 14 and an individual of or over the age of 14 and under 17.
i Vocabulary notes
jugement
judgement reserved
to pass / to give/ to render judgement on smb
['d3Ad3mant] приговор, решение суда, заключение суда в отношении правильности процедуры отсрочка решения суда после окончания судебного разбирательства выносить приговор кому-либо
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