Практичне заняття № 4 (іпіс, 2 курс)

Тема 1. Види крамниць та відділів ( в супермаркеті, в аптеці).

TASK 1. Read, translate and retell the text "At a chemist’s"

Chemist’s shops are specialized shops where medicines are sold. On receiving a prescription from a doctor we need medicines which are usually ordered or bought at the a chemist’s.

At the chemist’s there are two departments: a prescription department and a chemist’s department. At the prescription department medicines are sold or made up according to prescriptions. At the chemist’s department one can buy medicines without prescriptions. At the chemist’s department one can have the medicine immediately, other drugs have to be ordered at the prescription department.

At the chemist’s all medicines are kept in drug cabinets, on the open shelves and in the refrigerator. Every small bottle, a tube or a box has a label with the name of the medicine. There are labels of four colours: green labels indicate medicines for internal use; blue labels indicate drugs for injections, labels of a yellow colour indicate drugs for external application and labels of a pink colour indicate drugs for the treatment of eye diseases. The single dose and the total dosage are indicated on the label.

At the chemist’s one can buy different drugs for intramuscular and intravenous injections, for oral administration and for external use. One can also buy tubes of ointments, sedatives, tonics, sleeping, draughts, laxatives, different pills and tablets for internal use, tonics and sedatives; drugs for cough and headache; cardiac medicines; herbs and things for medical care (hot-water bottles, medicine droppers, cups, mustard plasters, thermometers) and many other things. One must be careful using medicine.

The dose to be taken and directions for administration are also indicated on a label. Indicating the dose and the name of any medicine is necessary for chemist, nurses, doctors and patients themselves. It prevents confusing different remedies because some of them are poisonous. Their overdosage may cause unfavorable reactions.

TASK 2. GRAMMAR: Perfect, Past and Future Perfect Tenses

Ex. 1. Open the brackets using the verb in Present Perfect, Past Simple, Past Contin. or Past Per­fect.

1. They are happy because their child (to enter) the uni­versity. 2. It (to be) great to see her last week. 3. Sorry I (not to phone) you earlier. 4. He was very sorry to hear that you (not to come) in time. 5. We hoped they (to get) home before the rain (to start). 6. I am glad he already (to return) from his business trip. 7. Whenever I (to drive) past that restaurant, there always (to be) a lot of people. 8. You ever (to be) to an open-air concert? 9. My parents were angry because I (not to pass) my exam. 10. His brother told him that he (to eat) all the fruit which he (to buy). 11. At this time two weeks ago we (to lie) on the beach. 12. Beth (to become) pale when she heard the news. 13. I (not to be) impressed with his new car when I (to see) it yesterday. 14. The Aztecs (to be) an American Indian tribe who (to live) in Mexico. 15. Yesterday when I (to look) out of my window, I (to see) that my children (to run) in the garden.

Ex. 2. Open the brackets using the verb in Present Perfect, Past Simple or Past Per­fect.

1. He (to do) his lessons by five o'clock and at five he (to play) football in the yard. 2. Gerry (to be) at home when you (to arrive)? — No, he (to go) to school. 3. My parents (to come) home by seven o'clock and at seven we (to have) dinner. 4. His father (to look) tired as he (to work) hard before. 5. By eight o'clock I (to learn) a poem and at eight o'clock I (to watch) TV. 6. When he (to see) me, I (to read) the newspaper which I (to buy) in the street. 7. Beth just (to go) home when I (to phone) her. 8. When Alison (to enter) the house she (to see) that her son (to play) with a ball which she (to buy) in the shop. 9.They (to arrive) to the theatre late. The play already (to begin). 10. When I (to come) into her room, she (to play) the piano which her father (to buy). 11. He (to want) to impress her parents as he (not to meet) them before. 12. Mother (to tell) that she (to plan) fish soup and a chocolate mousse for dinner. 13. His brother (to be) taken to hospital because he (to have) an accident. 14. When we (to arrive), mother (to go) into the kitchen do the last preparations for the meal. 15. Mary (to bring) him a glass of water as he (to ask) about it. 16. When David (to enter) the kitchen, he (to see) that cat (to eat). 17. Jenny (to tell) her mother that she (to water) the flown. 18. We (to want) to know which way they (to choose). 19. She (to be) afraid that they (not to tell) the police the truth. 20. They (to know) that he already (to start) his work for our firm.

TASK 3. READING. Аppeal

An appeal is a petition for review of a case that has been decided by a court of law. The petition is made to a higher court for the purpose of overturning the lower court's decision.

The specific procedures for appealing, including even whether there is a right of appeal from a particular type of decision, can vary greatly from country to country. The nature of an appeal can vary greatly depending on the type of case and the rules of the court in the jurisdiction were the case was prosecuted. There are many types of standard of review for appeals, such as de novo and abuse of discretion.

An appellate court is a court that hears cases on appeal from another court. Depending on the particular legal rules that apply to each circumstance, a party to a court case who is unhappy with the result might be able to challenge that result in an appellate court on specific grounds. These grounds typically could include errors of law, fact, or procedure (in the United States, due process).

In different jurisdictions, appellate courts are also called appeals courts, courts of appeals, superior courts, or supreme courts.

Many jurisdictions recognize two types of appeals, particularly in the criminal context. The first is the traditional "direct" appeal in which the appellant files an appeal with the next higher court of review. The second is the collateral appeal or post-conviction petition, in which the petitioner-appellant files the appeal in a court of first instance—usually the court that tried the case.

The key distinguishing factor between direct and collateral appeals is that the former occurs in state courts, and the latter in federal courts.

Relief in post-conviction is rare and is most often found in capital or violent felony cases.

A notice of appeal is a form or document that in many cases is required to begin an appeal. The form is completed by the appellant or by the appellant's legal representative. The nature of this form can vary greatly from country to country and from court to court within a country.

The deadline for beginning an appeal can often be very short: traditionally, it is measured in days, not months. This can vary from country to country, as well as within a country, depending on the specific rules in force. In the U.S. federal court system, criminal defendants must file a notice of appeal within 10 days of the entry of either the judgment or the order being appealed, or the right to appeal is forfeited.