4. Answer the following question according to the text:

1. Who is the president of the National Academy of Ukraine?

2. What did V.Vernadsky study?

3. Where did he study?

4. What universities did he teach at?

5. When did he serve as president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences?

6. What can you say about Vernadsky's ideas ?

7. What do you know about Vernadsky's contribution into the world science?

8. Vernadsky's findings are universally recognized, aren’t they?

5. Translate the following word- combinations, paying special attention to the translation of adjectives

Chemical composition, fundamental studies, radioactive elements, Ukrainian Scientific Society, genealogical, personal, and intellectual links, soil-science expedition, scientific institution, vocal opponent, new directions, living matter.

6. Give the comparative and superlative degree of following adjectives

Bright, hot, long, tall, rich, busy, clever, polite, short, great, strong, heavy, wide, deep, old, young, good, bad, far; interesting, profitable, beautiful, wonderful, attractive, expensive, dangerous, curious, difficult, talented, successful, complicated, honorable.

7. Translate the following sentences, analyzing adjectives

1. Volodymyr Vernadsky is one of the most outstanding scientists in the world.

2. She is not so kind as you. No one is so beautiful as she.

3. Cooper is a red metal, it is harder and stronger than aluminum and more flexible than steel.

4. Diamonds are the most expensive precious stones.

5. That’s the most difficult lecture I’ve ever heard.

6. Everest is the highest mountain in the world. The Pacific is the deepest ocean.

7. The land heats faster, but it also cools faster than water.

8. Better later than never.

9. This student is the most attentive in your group.

8. Make the choice:

V. Vernadsky was a geologist/geochemist.

He was a member/president of a number of academies of sciences and societies.

He graduated from Munich/St Petersburg University.

He taught at Moscow/Tavriia University in 1891-1911.

He spent a few summers in Symferopol / Poltava gubernia.

In 1917 he chaired a committee of the Russian Ministry of Education/Agriculture.

In 1918/1921 he served as the first president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.

In Petrograd he organized the Uranium/Radium Institute.

In 1922 he lectured at Sorbonne/Tavriia University.

9. Give the main facts about the life and work of Academician Vernadsky unit9. Sergiy korolyov – the founder of practical cosmonautics

1. Memorize the following words:

link – зв’язок

dawn – світанок, початок

designer - дизайнер

glider – планер

durable - міцний

guidance - керівництво

exploration – дослідження, вивчення

mature - зрілий

engine - двигун

insight - розуміння

breakdown – аварія, поломка

subsequent - послідовний

evolve – розвивати, розробляти

consummation - завершення

captivate – зачаровувати, захоплювати

conquest – завоювання, підкорення

2. Translate the following international words without a dictionary

Academician, engineering, audience, scientist, designer, professional, technical, theoretical, knowledge, engine, argument, rocket, dynamic, formulae, mechanic

3. Read and translate the text:

The name of outstanding scientist academician Sergiy Pavlovich Korolyov will forever be linked with the dawn of man’s exploration of space. His professional carrier started by designing a glider. When he was 24 he graduated from higher technical school, became a glider designer and finished a flying school. He read K.Tsiolkovsky’s works and was captivated by the ideas in them. S.Korolyov devoted to rocket-engineering all his great talent and scientific insight based on a deep theoretical knowledge associated with practice. His hobby – designing gliders helped him very much in this. S.Korolyov installed the first jet engine of unusual construction on a tailless glider designed by B.Charanovsky. He soon designed another more durable glider which was to be the beginning of the rocket plane. He tested the engine himself which meant taking great risks since breakdowns did happen.

Years passed and S.Korolyov’s rare talents developed and matured.

Then it was on October 4, 1957 that a rocket system evolved under his guidance put the first sputnik into orbit round the Earth, all the subsequent stages in space exploration going on with his direct participation.

Then came the morning of April 12, 1961, and the first manned spaceflight was a worthy consummation of all the work on space conquest that had preceded it.

Academician S.Korolyov is known to have been a great scientist and designer. Those who worked with him say that it was always interesting to listen to him even though he mostly spoke in engineering formulae.

His amazingly dynamic thought thrilled, even charmed his audience and the iron logics of his arguments sounded utterly convincing.