- •Нижегородский государственный лингвистический университет им. Н. А. Добролюбова
- •Contents
- •Lexicology as a branch of Linguistics
- •Lexicography
- •The Oxford English Dictionary and Other Historical Dictionaries
- •Antonymic Dictionaries
- •Orthographic Dictionaries
- •The Problem of Definitions
- •A Survey of Current Works on English and American Lexicography in This Country
- •Etymology
- •Etymological Doublets
- •International Words
- •A Contribution of Borrowed Elements into English
- •Celtic Elements in English
- •Latin Borrowings in English
- •The Development of Latin English
- •Greek Element in English
- •Scandinavian Element
- •A Selection of Scandinavian Loanwords in English
- •The Relation of Borrowed and Native Words
- •French Element
- •Army and Navy
- •Fashions, Meals, and Social Life
- •Anglo-Norman and Central French
- •The Contribution to the English Vocabulary from Italian
- •Spanish Element in the English Vocabulary
- •Arabic Words in English
- •German Borrowings in English
- •Russian Borrowings
- •Borrowings from Indian, Chinese, Japanese and Other Languages
- •Hebrew Words in English
- •International Words
- •Folk Etymology
- •Morphological structure of english words
- •Structural Types of English Words
- •Derivational and Functional Affixes
- •Word-building in English
- •The Historical Development of Compounds
- •Classification of Compounds
- •Specific Features of English Compounds
- •Semantic Relationships in Converted Pairs
- •Back-Formation or Reversion
- •Shortening (Clipping or Curtailment)
- •Graphical Abbreviations. Acronyms
- •Blending
- •Onomatopoeia
- •Sound Interchange
- •Distinctive Stress
- •Semasiology
- •Topological Kinds of Polysemy Fellow
- •SynonyMs
- •Sources of Synonyms
- •AntonyMs
- •Homonyms
- •The Origin of Homonyms
- •Polysemy and Homonymy
- •Phraseology
- •Native phraseological units are connected with English customs, traditions, national realia, historical facts:
- •Phraseological Units connected with English realia:
- •Phraseological units connected with the names and nicknames of English kings, queens, scholars, eminent writers, public leaders, etc.
- •Phraseological units connected with historic facts:
- •Shakespearisms constitute more than 100 phraseological units in English:
- •Such great English writers as Jeoffrey Chaucer, John Milton, Jonathan Swift, Alexander Pope, Charles Dickens and Walter Scott contributed greatly to the stock of phraseologisms:
- •Bibleisms represent borrowings which are fully assimilated:
- •Phraseological Borrowings:
- •Phraseological units belonging to ae are the so-called inner borrowings:
- •Similarity and Difference between a Set-Expression and a Word
- •Replenishment of the vocabulary
- •Social Factors and Neologisms
- •Obsolete Words
- •American english
- •The Main Difference between be and ae.
- •British and American Correspondences
- •American School Vocabulary
- •Марина Серафимовна Ретунская Основы Английской лексикологии курс лекций
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Antonymic Dictionaries
register words of the same part of speech but different in meaning. Synonymic dictionaries give antonyms together with synonyms and special antonymic dictionaries are very few. Among them – Коммисаров В.И. Словарь антонимов современного английского языка. – М., 1964.
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Phraseological Dictionaries:
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Cowie A.P., Maskin R. Oxford Dictionary of Current Idiomatic English. Vol. I Verbs with Prepositions and Particles. Oxford, 1975. Next volumes are planned.
One of the best dictionaries published in Japan is: Ichikawa S. The Kenkyusha Dictionary of Current English Idioms. Tokio, 1980.
The best American dictionary of this Kind is Boatner M. T., Gates J. E. A Dictionary of American Idioms / Ed. By A. Makkai. N. Y., 1975).
We must also mention Collins V.H. A Book of English Idioms. Lnd. Longmans, 1956). It was published (перепечатан в СССР) in 1960; A Second Book of English Idioms. Lnd., 1958; A Third Book of English, Idioms. Ind. Each of the books includes about 1.000 phraseologisms.
The best bilingual phraseological dictionary is «Англо-русский фразеологический словарь». А.В. Кунина. It is a real masterpiece, a monument to its compiler. The dictionary describes English phraseologisms from Ch. Dickens (1812-1870) up to Modern English. It was first published in 1955 and now we deal already with the IV th edition containing about 30.000 phraseological units, the material for illustration includes the novels of our contemporaries (!).
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Dictionaries of Collocations:
They teach the student of English the rules of collocation. Their number is not great.
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Crowell T.L. A Glossary of Phrases with Prepositions. With Exercises: Lnd., 1957; The Kenkyusha Dictionary of English Collocations, Tokyo, 1900;
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Берлизон С.Б. Сочетания типа make up, make for в современном английском языке. – М., 1964;
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Гинзбург Р. и др. Глагольные словосочетания в современном английском языке. – М., 1975.
Dictionaries of Foreign Words
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Mawson C.O. Dictionary of Foreign Terms. N.Y., Bantam Books;
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Newmar K. M. Dictionary of Foreign Words & Phrases. Lnd. Thames and Hudson, 1950;
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Bliss A.J. Dictionary of Foreign Words and Phrases in Current English. Lnd., Routledge, 1966;
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Carrol D. The Dictionary of Foreign Terms in the English Language. N.Y., Hawthron, 1973.
Dictionaries of Abbreviations and Signs
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Patridge E.A. Dictionary of Abbreviations. Lnd. Constable;
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Allen E. Dictionary of Abbreviations and Symbols. Lnd., 1944;
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Buttress F.A. World List of Abbreviations. 3rd ed. Lnd., Leonard Hill, 1966.
Dictionaries of Quotations, Cliches, Proverbs and Sayings
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Stevenson B. Book of Quotations, Classical and Modern. Lnd., Cassel (70.000); The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1979 (70.000)
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Bartlett J. Familiar Quotations. Lnd. Macmillan.
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Cohen J. M. and M. J. Penguin Dictionary of Quotations;
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Concise Oxford Dictionary of Quotations;
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Tripp R.T. The International Thesaurus of Quotations. N.Y.
Orthoepic Dictionaries
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Jones D. An English Pronouncing Dictionary / Revised by A.C. Gimson. Lnd., Dent.);
The first edition of the dictionary appeared in 1917, we deal now with the 14th edition (Prof. Gimson A.).
For the American variant of English the most popular is Kenyon J.S. and Knoot T.A. Dictionaries.