IV. Read the text one more time and speak about descriptive and persuasive advertising

V. Read and translate the text The language of advertising

There are some methods that are used in persuasive advertising. Here are some of them:

1. Repetition The simplest kind of advertising. A slogan is repeated so often that we begin to associate a brand name with a particular product or service.

2. Endorsement A popular personality is used in the advertisement.

3. Emotional appeal Advertising often appeals to basics such as mother-love, manliness, feminity.

4. Scientific authority Sometimes the advert shows a person in a white coat (a scientist) telling us about the product. More often it mentions “scientific testing” to persuade people.

5. Comparison The advert lists the qualities of a product in direct comparison with rival products.

6. An appeal to fear or anxiety This type is similar to 3, but works on people’s fears.

7. Association of ideas This is usually visual. Until it became illegal in Britain, cigarette advertising showed attractive, healthy people smoking in beautiful rural situations.

8. Information If a product is new, it may be enough to show it and explain what it does.

9. Special offers/free gifts This is a very simple and direct appeal – it’s half a price!

10. Anti-advertising This is a modern version which appeals to the British sense of humour. It makes fun of the techniques of advertising.

VI. Pick the right variant

Association of ideas	The simplest kind of advertising. A slogan is repeated so often that we begin to associate a brand name with a particular product or service.
Emotional appeal	This is usually visual. Until it became illegal in Britain, cigarette advertising showed attractive, healthy people smoking in beautiful rural situations.
Scientific authority	A popular personality is used in the advertisement.
Endorsement	Advertising often appeals to basics such as mother-love, manliness, feminity.
Comparison	Sometimes the advert shows a person in a white coat (a scientist) telling us about the product. More often it mentions “scientific testing” to persuade people.
An appeal to fear or anxiety	The advert lists the qualities of a product in direct comparison with rival products.
Information	This is a modern version which appeals to the British sense of humour. It makes fun of the techniques of advertising.
Repetition	This type works on people’s fears.
Special offers/free gifts	If a product is new, it may be enough to show it and explain what it does
Anti-advertising	This is a very simple and direct appeal – it’s half a price!