10. Main industries of the usa

The United States is a highly industrialized country with various branches of heavy industry prevailing, namely the mining, metallurgical , automobile and chemical industries as well as engineering. Many branches of light industry are also developed, among them are the textile, clothing, food and wood-working industries.

The United States is rich in natural resources the main being iron ore, coal and oil. The nation produces more than 100 million tons of iron a year. Four fifths of the ore mined in the USA comes from the Great Lakes region. Though a great deal of the ore has been used up, it resources have not been exhausted, most of the coal mined in the USA is used by power plants to produce electricity. Coal is also used in the chemical industry for the manufacture of plastics and other synthetics. The production, processing and marketing of such oil products as petrol (called “gasoline” or “gas” in the USA) make up one of America’s largest industries. The basic metals and minerals mined in the United States are zinc, copper and silver.

There are two branches of agriculture in the United States. They are crop production and animal husbandry. Some of the main crops grown in the USA are wheat, maize, cotton, tobacco and fruit. Cattle breeding and pig raising make up an important branch of America’s agriculture.

Motor industry heart – area of Detroit (the country northeast). High technologies are most developed in a so-called Silicon Valley (California), Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston, New York. Also New York – one of the world centres of light industry, the fashion industry.

New industries are created as new discoveries are made in physics , chemistry and other sciences. Atomic energy, for example, has created a wide range of new industries. Electronics has become a major industry . Great emphasis is being made on the war industry.

6 Ukraine and the European Union

The political dialogue between the EU and Ukraine started in 1994 when the Partnership and Cooperation agreement was signed. That document was focused on economic and social issues as well as on the necessity of improving public government and guaranteeing free press and civil rights. The framework set for political discussions was modest: yearly meeting between EU Troika and Ukrainian leadership and some inter ministerial consultations. The Partnership and Cooperation agreement of 1994 entered into force in 1998 and expired in 2008

According to the European parliament, the EU is seeking an increasingly close relationship with Ukraine, going beyond cooperation, to gradual economic integration and deepening of political cooperation. Ukraine is said to be a priority partner within the European Neighborhood Policy. A joint EU-Ukraine Action Plan was endorsed by the European Council on 21 February 2005. It was based on the Partnership and cooperation agreement of 1994 and provided, according to the European Commission, a comprehensive and ambitious framework for joint of work with Ukraine in all key areas of reform. On June 16, 2009, a new practical instrument was adopted - the EU - Ukraine Association Agenda.

After the Orange revolution of 2004 that brought to power Viktor Yushchenko, the EU commission was very slow to react: little progress was made to put the largest European country on a path to eventual membership.

Late May 2010 President Viktor Yanukovych promised to adopt in June the legislation necessary for creation of a free trade zone between Ukraine and the European Union. Yanukovych expected visas between Ukraine and member-countries of the European Union to be abolished and that a free trade zone will be created by March 2011.^[25]

Joining the European Union remains a priority was stated by Prime Minister Mykola Azarov and his cabinet in Spring 2010.^[7][8][26]

In May 2010 53% of Ukrainians older than 16 would like their country to join the European Union in the future. Citizens aged between 20-39 and residents of Central and Western Ukraine appeared to be the strongest supporters of joining the EU.