19 Main industries of New Zealand

New Zealand is a very interesting country. It has got total area of 269,000 square kilometers. It is situated to south-east of Australia in the Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main islands (North Island and South Island) and some smaller ones. Nearly 3.5 million people live in the country. The capital of a New Zealand is Wellington. It is a financial centre too.

New Zealand - is industrial-agrarian country with highly developed agriculture. New Zealand has a strong competitive economy. The leading sector of the New Zealand economy is agriculture. Agricultural production is over 50% of New Zealand exports.

Major industries: food, light, wood and paper, ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy , machinery, textile, petrochemical, manufacturing of transport equipment manufacturing and repair electrical and mechanical equipment, furniture, printing and publishing industry.

Agriculture, fisheries, food and forest industry is the foundation of the economy; largely determine the direction of industrial production. Food industry is the largest industrial sector of employment and branching infrastructure in the economy of New Zealand. Total volumes of food products make up about 10% of GDP and exports of food products, about 15 billion dollars. Agriculture and industry developed as the North and the South Islands. Most industrial production is concentrated in the North Island, where the main industrial center is Auckland. On the South Island industries are located mainly in the area of Christchurch.

A characteristic feature of the country and is almost complete absence of large industrial and industrial enterprises and heavy industries. However, the country is about 15 000 companies that manufacture industrial products for various industries. Large proportion of production is export oriented. Industrial companies generate about 15% of aggregate GDP. Of major industrial-oriented needs of road transport, aviation and defense industry, as well as the manufacture of electronic products and high technology industry.

18. The economy of New Zealand

New Zealand is a very interesting country. It has got total area of 269,000 square kilometers. It is situated to south-east of Australia in the Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main islands (North Island and South Island) and some smaller ones. Nearly 3.5 million people live in the country. The capital of New Zealand is Wellington. It is a financial centre too.

Economy of New Zealand for a long time was in direct proportion to the UK and was based on the colonial principle.

New Zealand is a developed country with a market economy system. New Zealand has a strong competitive economy. It based around agriculture, manufacturing and food industries, as well as tourism. New Zealand is known for its progressive farming. The main industries in New Zealand are food, transport equipment, manufacture and repair of electrical and mechanical equipment, carpet weaving, furniture, printing and publishing, as well as smelting of aluminum and wood. In addition, an important source of revenue for the country is tourism. Tourism in New Zealand is currently the largest industry, bringing the country foreign currency. Recognizing a great opportunity for successful business development, existing in New Zealand, more and more foreign companies invest their capital in the commercial sector of the country. Agriculture and industrial developed in the North and the Southern Islands.

Other industries based on natural resources - timber and manufacturing wood products, fishing, footwear and cement factories, fertilizer factories, refineries, glass manufacturing. Heavy industry includes steel fabrication plant, aluminum smelter and refinery.

New Zealand is economic development of the European type. The size of GDP, New Zealand has 58 in the world, and the growth of this index is maintained at about 5% per year. GDP per capita in New Zealand recently approached the level of developed Western countries in 2002 amounted to 20,200 dollars, which is 19th in the world. Structure formation of the GDP of New Zealand looks like agricultural products - 8% of New Zealand's GDP, industrial production - 23%, services - 69%. The average actual growth of GDP in 1982 - 1989 amounted to 1,4%, which is half the average growth characteristic OECD countries. In 2002, GDP grew by 4,4%.

Also New Zealand is a country that pays more attention to foreign trade and international economic cooperation. According to various estimates, at least 20% of the country's production is for export. According to 2007 figures, the overall volume of New Zealand's exports amounted to almost $33 billion dollars, while imports exceeded $37 billion dollars. Major export industry for the country's economy is traditionally considered to be agriculture, mining and processing of seafood, timber and wood products account for industries. Dairy products not less than 18% of the total, the share of wool accounts for at least 14%, while the share of forest products and timber is not less than 4% of total exports of New Zealand. Main share of imports into the country amounted to petroleum products and fuel. The second largest import niche in recent years has cars. This is followed by air techniques. Major trading partners are Australia, USA, Japan and China. Not less than 70% of exports from New Zealand among the countries of the Asia-Pacific Economic Zone.