- •Preface
- •Unit 1 Description of a Pharmacy
- •Vocabulary List
- •Description of a Pharmacy
- •Активизация грамматики.
- •Практикум.
- •Unit 2 Sources, forms, keeping and storage of drugs
- •Vocabulary list
- •Sources, forms, keeping and storage of drugs
- •Активизация грамматики.
- •Практикум.
- •Unit 3 Drug names, standards and references
- •Vocabulary List.
- •Drug names, standards and references
- •Chemical name
- •Brand names
- •Generic Name
- •Активизация грамматики.
- •Практикум.
- •Unit 4 Administration of Drugs
- •Vocabulary List.
- •Administration of Drugs
- •Inhalation
- •Активизация грамматики
- •Практикум
- •How do medicines work? Replacing substances that are deficient or missing in the body
- •Altering the activity of cells
- •Destroying infectious microorganisms or abnormal cells
- •Test work
- •Unit 5 Drugs and their effects Grammar revision: Types of questions, Impersonal sentences, Modal Verbs, Passive Voice in Indefinite Tense.
- •Effects of Drugs
- •Активизация грамматики
- •Практикум
- •Text 2 Dysfunction of carbohydrate metabolism regulations
- •Unit 6 Drug annotation
- •Drug annotation
- •Активизация грамматики
- •Практикум. Text I
- •Thioderazine
- •Indications: Indications:
- •Text II What Does “Over-the-Counter” Mean?
- •Text III Choosing an Analgesic
- •Biclinocilline
- •Practice to develop communication skills
- •Indicated
- •At the Pharmacy
- •At the English drug store
- •Texts for reading and translation Effects of drugs
- •So what can go wrong?
- •Why do people take drugs?
- •Your Medicine Cabinet Needs an Annual Checkup, Too
- •Storing medicine safely
- •Pharmacology
- •Antimicrobial, antiviral and antiparasitic remedies
- •How to use the Ginseng Root
- •Indications:
- •Cardiovascular drugs
- •Drug addiction
- •How does a medicine or drug act on the body?
- •1 Aspirin
- •2 Antibiotics
- •3 Drugs for incurable diseases
- •Neuropharmacologic drugs
- •Texts for written translation
- •1. Read the text using a dictionary antihistamines
- •2. Make up 5 questions about the contents of the text Drug Package
- •Ответы к заданиям Unit 1 Sources, forms, keeping and storage of drugs
- •Unit 2 Sources, forms, keeping and storage of drugs
- •Unit 3 Drug names, standards and references.
- •Unit 4 Administration of drugs
- •Unit 5.
- •Активизация грамматики
- •Тексты для информативного чтения
- •Unit 6.
- •Активизация грамматики
- •Практикум
- •Грамматический справочник
- •Союзы и союзные слова
- •Парные союзы both…and, either…or, neither…nor
- •Предлоги (Prepositions) Основные пространственные предлоги
- •Временные предлоги
- •Прочие предлоги
- •Послелоги
Unit 4 Administration of Drugs
Grammar: Participle II
1. а) Прочтите слова из VocabularyListвслух.
б) Изучите список слов и укажите слова, называющие
- способы введения лекарств
Vocabulary List.
способ
введения (лекарства) всасываться
парентеральный растворяться
в слюне тошнота ректальный рвота достигать;
завершать место
нахождения ягодица растворяться местный поверхность подъязычный ускорить заживать;
заживлять ингаляция влажный
the route of administration
to absorb
parenteral
to dissolve in saliva
nausea
rectal
vomiting
to accomplish
location
a buttock
to dissolve
topical
surface
sublingual
accelerate
to heal
inhalation
moist
lotion - лосьон
oral- пероральный
subcutaneous- подкожный
2. Ответьте на вопросы, используя слова и словосочетания в скобках:
1.How do we call the route of administration when medicine is taken by mouth? (oral)
2.In what case are suppositories used? (when oral route of administration presents difficulties)
3.What is taken into the nose or mouth during inhalation? (vaporsorgases)
3. Прочтите и переведите текст на русский язык
Administration of Drugs
The route of administration of a drug is very important in determining the rate and completeness of its absorption into the blood stream and speed and duration of the drug’s action in the body.
Oral Administration
The route of administration is by mouth. Drugs given orally must pass into the stomach and be absorbed into the blood stream through the intestinal wall. This method may have several disadvantages. If the drug is destroyed in the digestive tract by the digestive juice or if the drug cannot pass through the intestinal wall or mucosa, it will be ineffective.
Sublingual Administration
In this route of administration, drugs are not swallowed but are placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve in the saliva. Absorption may be rapid for some agents. Nitroglycerine tablets are taken this way to treat attacks of chest pain.
Rectal Administration. Suppositories
Sometimes, drugs are given by rectum when oral administration presents difficulties such as, when the patient is nauseating and vomiting.
Parenteral Administration
This type of administration is accomplished by injection through a syringe under the skin, into a muscle, into a vein or into a body cavity. There are several types of parenteral injections:
Subcutaneous injection.This injection is sometimes called hypodermic, and is given just under several layers of skin. The outer surface of the arm and the anterior surface of the skin are usually locations for subcutaneous injections
Intradermal injection.This shallow injection is made into the upper layers of the skin. It is used in skin testing for allergic reactions
Intramuscular injection (I.M.). This injection is given into the muscle usually into the buttocks. When drugs are irritating the skin or a large volume of a long-acting drug is to be given, I.M. injections are advisable.
Intravenous injection (I.V.). This injection is given directly into the veins. It is given when an immediate effect from the drug is desired or when the drug cannot be given into other tissues.
Intrathecal injectionis made in the case of anesthesia into the sheath of the spine marrow and the brain.
Intracavitary injections are given into the body cavities: thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity and others.