PRAKTIKUM_sam_rab

Are you stuck on how to make your essay stand out among the thousands of others? Try some of these ideas for an essay that will really make an impression.

Write from a creative angle. Avoid the cliche "I want to go to school here because..." essay, because I guarantee that they have already read fifty of those. Instead, try writing about an experience that led you to the decision of applying there, and how your unique interests and skills will contribute to the school community.

Don't be overly wordy. Nobody wants to have to read through three paragraphs of "fluff" just to get one simple message out of it. Make every word count, and make sure that none of your essay contains "filler" words.

Avoid ostentatious vocabulary. You are not impressing anyone with enormous words that nobody uses, and chances are they will accredit the terms to an online dictionary rather than your own mind. Remember, it is better to use the word use, than to utilize the word utilize.

Be specific. Rather than saying "many years ago", say "three years ago". Even the word "things" can be narrowed down. Instead of saying "I was involved in many things with my high school football team", say "I was involved with fundraisers, pep rallies, and organizing practice routines for my high school football team". Do you see how much more information can be communicated with just a few clarifying words?

Be honest. Nobody is going to accept your application if you are obviously telling an outright lie. For example, don't write all about the time you saved a baby dolphin while you were at a Michael Jackson concert in the Bahamas...or anything as equally outrageous.

Try to avoid "I." Now I know what you're thinking, how on earth do you write an essay about yourself without using the word "I"? When you're writing about yourself, you want to make your writing sound as not-self-centered as you can. There is absolutely nothing wrong with using the word "I," but many people make this mistake of overusing it. Make sure that you are not starting more than a sentence or two with the word "I," and definitely don't use it more than once or twice per paragraph.

Revise, revise, revise. You can never rewrite something enough times. You can always come up with better vocabulary, better grammar, better ideas, and better sentences. Give yourself a few days break in-between rewriting something. This gives your brain a rest and allows for plenty of new ideas to come to mind.

Exercise 5. Now write you own admission essay in 1 page A4. Follow the step given

below.

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PART III. PROJECTING

SELF-WORK 1

Exercise 1.Grammar to notice:

-Articles;

-Passive Voice;

-Modal Verb ‘could’, ‘might’, ‘should’;

-Types of Questions.

Exercise 2.Which of the following steps about on-line conference participation are true or false?

1.Study the Conference Programme on-line

2.Fill in an on-line registration form

3.Call the Organising Committee to know if they are OK

4.Pay registration fee

5.Pack your bags

6.Submit your abstract for communication

Exercise 3.Study the questions in A and match them with their description in B.

Seven Basic Questions you must answer before to participate in a conference

Exercise 4.Read the passage and translate the underlined words into Russian.

Your abstract should be no more than one A5 page (14.8 X 21 cm.)

In order to assist with the review/editing of your abstract please carefully observe the following formatting and style conventions:

Layout

•Author information should be Times New Roman Italics 12 point single spaced right alignment (1). It should consist of two lines single spaced (2): your name; your department/faculty and your institution/university.

•Titles should be set one line below the title(3) and in Times New Roman Bold 12 point (4).

•The body of the abstract should be set one line below the title.

•Font(5) should be Times New Roman 12 point.

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•Line spacing(6) should be 1.0.

•Text should be set justified (7), block paragraph/s (no indent) (8).

•Margins should be set at 2.0 cm on top, bottom, right and left (9).

Style

•Place all titles of separately published works(10) (print, film, televisual and so on) in italics.

•Use double quotes(11) throughout except for quotes inside quotes (12).

•Avoid abbreviations such as “e.g.,” “i.e.,” “etc.” – that is, spell out the words (13).

•Use the em-dash(14) for dashes. The em-dash looks like this–that is, a solid double hyphen between words with no space before or after.

•Do notinclude footnotes(15) in your abstract. Instead weave any references(16) to authors/titles into the text of the abstract.

Exercise 5.Fill in the conference registration form.

Exercise 6.Match the visuals with the verbs to describe trends and developments.

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13.Could you define the main idea of your report?

14.Why is it important to discuss the issue you spoke about?

15.Have you heard about any automated signaling systems have been implemented by Network Rail in the UK?

16.Did you mean that railways in China are more developed than in Russia? Why or why not?

17.According to information presented in your report, is the Russian Federation going to develop high-speed railways actively?

18.Can you name any foreign analogues of this technology?

19.Could you summarise the main conclusions of your research?

20.Could you explain why it is possible to use the algorithms for automatic dispatcher without a human?

21.Which principle of effective traffic management presented in your report do you consider the most effective?

22.Could you give characteristics of the computer program you have created to estimate the optimum rail route?

23.Please summarise the main results of your research applying to Russia?

24.Could you explain the definitions that you have mentioned in your report?

Exercise 10.Prepare your own project speech.Keep in mind the following tips:

1. Your speech must:

a)be in your area of academic studies;

b)be in absolute maximum length of 4-5 minutes;

c)have a strong, well-organised introduction;

d)be organised logically;

e)include visuals (8-10 slides).

2.Type the text of your speech. Include the clichés from Appendix 8.

3.Print the text of your speech on a piece of paper. Line spacing should be 2.0 to write transcriptions for some difficult words and other necessary notes.

4.Mark the text with special intonation and pauses marks.

5.Use www.imtranslator.net to practice your pronunciation.

6.Record your speech several times to make it better. You may use special computer programmes (for example, Audition) or just the dictaphone in your mobile phone.

7.Be ready to present your report to the audience.

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PART III. PROJECTING

SELF-WORK 2

Exercise 1.Grammar to notice:

-Articles;

-Passive Voice;

-Modal Verb ‘could’, ‘might’, ‘should’;

-Types of Questions.

Exercise 2.Study the abstract for communication below. Does itconfirm to the “house style” of the conference described in exercise 4, Self-work 1? Support your answer.

KravchenkoА.D., DeshevykhА.А.

(Traffic Management Faculty, Siberian Transport University)

“Green” future of the transportation sector

Nowadays, the transportation sector is supposed to become closely related to solutions of environmental problems. Many countries worldwide face the rather conflicting needs of transport policies. Transport infrastructure improves access to job, education, leisure and other markets and obviously plays a key role in the global economy. Other concern is reducing the negative environmental impact by changing current transport policies. The most of transport modes have some economic and environmental disadvantages such as an unalterable route, air and soil pollution, noise emission and others. So, the challenge is to create flexible, environmentally friendly and cost efficient transport alternatives to prevent the negative effects of the transportation system on human health.

This problem can be solved by implementation of high technologies. European designers and engineers are now studying new public transportation concepts to offer more competitive – highspeed and an individual-oriented – vehicles as compared with present ones. Speaking about the Russian Federation, this country is just going to break ground upon implementation of new high technologies for the transportation sector. It should be noticed that new environmentally friendly vehicles are manufactured only in smallquantities.

The above-named reasons prove that the best solution of the so-called “green” problem is the mass production of eco-friendly transport units: electric and hybrid vehicles, high-speed commuter trains etc. Mass eco-vehicles usecouldfurther reduce both the costof transportation and negative environmental impact in the transportation sector.

Supervisor: Ivanova L.M., Associate Professor of Foreign Languages Department, Cand. Sc. (Education)

Exercise 3.Find synonyms to the word combinations in the box. Translate them into Russian:

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Exercise 4.Put these adjectives in the correct space in the table according to what kind of changes they describe.

Exercise 5.It is often better to use approximate numbers in presentations. Put the following words in the correct column in the table.

Exercise 6.The best way to avoid plagiarism is paraphrasingor writing the same using different words. Paraphrase (write in a different way) the extract given below.

Every business relies on the continuous and safe operation of information technology (IT) to maximize effective achievement of organizational goals. Today’s organizations face a number of challenges in managing information security. Unauthorized intrusions, infection of systems and data by viruses, denial of service (DoS) attacks, non-compliance and other threats to information security are just a few of many challenges for organizations.

It is very important to note that to protect valuable IT assets such as computers, servers, networks and to detect security threats; companies should conduct regular information security audits. However, many companies ignore this important fact and do not perform their own basic information security audits for various reasons.

(S. M. Petrov. IT internal audit: a company security risks protection. - Siberian Transport University, 2013)

Exercise 7.What verbal stratagem (A or B) do you use 1) when you are a speaker who is responding to a question, 2) when you are a listener who is asking a question?

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