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4. Answer the questions:

  1. When does culture in social systems develop? Why?

  2. Why do organizations develop cultures?

  3. What common elements do most definitions of organizational culture contain?

  4. What indicators of organizational culture can be referred to as symbols?

  5. What unobservable characteristics does organizational culture include?

  6. What is the purpose of adopting organizational culture?

  7. Can you give any examples of elements of organizational culture?

5. Determine if the following sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones.

  1. Organizations develop distinctive cultures to help them cope with and perform in predictable situations.

  2. The concept of organizational culture is as complex as the concept of culture in general.

  3. Many definitions of organizational culture have nothing in common.

  4. Organizational culture is vitally important to maintain stability within the organization.

  5. It is the patterns of observable charachteristics that make up the culture.

Vocabulary

6. Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

ambiguity, environment, value, belief, circumstance, internal, external, to direct, observable, trace

  1. _____ are your ideas about what is right and wrong, or what is important in life.

  2. There was an element of _____in the president's reply.

  3. The rules can only be broken in exceptional____.

  4. Our first task was to improve the physical _____ (buildings, furniture etc) in the school.

  5. The plane vanished without a____.

  6. There's to be an ____ inquiry into the whole affair (within the company).

  7. His _____ in God is strong.

  8. Information is to be taken from_____ sources.

  9. There`s an ____ change in his behavior.

  10. I want ____ my efforts more towards my own projects.

UNIT I

Meetings

Before you read

1. Match the expressions from the text with their Russian equivalents:

  1. formal committee meetings

  1. официальные предложения

  1. to feel more committed to the decision

  1. ускорить

  1. different ideas can be contributed

  1. разное

  1. questions from the floor

  1. ведение и оформление протокола

  1. on everyone else's behalf

  1. повестка дня

  1. the way a committee operates

  1. вопросы для обсуждения

  1. formal proposals or ‘motions’

  1. официальные заседания комитета

  1. have to be tabled, seconded and discussed

  1. должны быть вынесены на обсуждение, обсуждены и поддержаны

  1. an agenda

  1. от чьего-л. имени (лица), по чьему-л. поручению

  1. to speed up

  1. чувствовать себя причастными к решению

  1. keep to the point

  1. говорить по существу

  1. matters arising

  1. способ работы комитета

  1. any other business (AOB)

  1. могут быть внесены различные предложения

  1. taking and writing minutes

  1. вопросы с места

  1. anticipated readership

  1. предполагаемая читательская аудитория

Reading