bogatyreva_m_a_uchebnik_angliiskogo_yazyka_dlya_neyazykovyh

5. Have you travelled much in your life? Ask your colleagues if they have taken any trips abroad.

5a. Sum up the information given by your partners.

6. Ask your group mate how many times this thing has happened to him and when it happened last.

7.Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1.Вы уже видели этот фильм? Когда вы его видели? 2. Ваш коллега уже перевёл эту статью? Когда он её перевёл? 3. Bаша сестра уже пообедала? Когда она пообедала? 4. Ваша группа уже прочла “Тихого американца”? Когда ваша группа закончила

440

читать эту книгу? 5. Вы уже накрыли на стол? Когда вы накрыли на стол? 6. Они уже получили квартиру? Когда они переехали? 7. Отец уже пришёл с работы? Когда он пришёл? 8. Павел уже побывал в Америке? Когда он там побывал? 9. Вы уже занялись социологией? Когда вы начали её изучать?

8.Read these sentences and say which of them describe:

a)advantages (+); b) disadvantages of each job ( ); c) either a positive or a negative aspect to a job (?).

Remember!

challenging [ tSxlInGIN] – трудный, но интересный an opportunity – благоприятная возможность

a promotion – продвижение (по служ. лестнице)

8a. How can you describe the following jobs from the point of view of advantages and disadvantages?

9. Ask your friend when he’s going to start his professional studies.

Example:

A.When are you going to start your history studies?

B.Actually, I’ve already started them. I started them last month.

441

business studies/last term social studies/in autumn musical studies/6 months ago

architectural studies/3 weeks ago Roman history studies/last year computer studies/in September

10. Share experiences and impressions. What do you think about these things?

Examples: Oxford is one of the nicest places I’ve ever been to. This trip is the most exciting experience I’ve ever had.

1. boring story / to read; 2. lovely novel / to enjoy; 3. nice holiday / to take; 4 stupid thing / to do; 5. interesting tourist sight / to visit; 6. ambitious person/to meet; 7. remarkable piece of music / to listen to; 8. amusing film / to see; 9. least useful course / to take; 10. important lecture / to attend; 11. energetic person / to know; 12. frightening experience / to have.

11. Read the expressions in the right column and learn how to show surprise.

11a. Pairwork. Discuss your strengths and weaknesses in learning English. Substitute the sentence in italics. Use the alternatives below.

* hardly – едва ли (наречие): I hardly know him. Я его почти не знаю. Cравните с наречием hard: We worked hard. Мы много работали.

442

A.You’ve done well to brush up your English. You sound almost like a native!

B.Well, not quite. I’ve missed several classes of late.

A.(express surprise).

Alternatives for partner B.

My vocabulary is still limited.

I haven’t read a book in the original.

I’ve been out of practice for a year.

I’ve had a hard time understanding people.

I’ve had trouble expressing myself.

I’ve had trouble with my pronunciation.

I’ve hardly been in Britain a month.

12.Open the brackets. Use Present Perfect or Past Simple.

1.Karen (make) four mistakes so far today. Yesterday she (only make) two mistakes altogether.

2.Jack (never play) rugby in his life, but he (play ) football when he was at school.

3.Hilda (not finish) her homework yet, although she (start) it two hours ago.

4.We (already see ) that film.We (see) it when we were in London.

5.“... you (speak) to the American professor?” “Yes. I (speak) to him before the lecture.”

6.I (arrive) in England last month, but I (not brush up) my talk yet.

7.He (just graduate) from university. He (take up) medicine 7 years ago.

8.“When ... you (apply) for a visa?” “ I (apply) for a visa the day before yesterday.”

13.Read and practise the following dialogue. Dramatize similar conversations about the books you’ve read of late.

443

A.Have you read any English books in the original?

B.Yes, I have. Last year I read some stories by Graham Greene.

A.It’s incredible! Have you read any books lately?

B.I’ve just finished reading Hemingway’s “A Farewell to Arms”.

A.Is it worth reading?

B.I loved it! I think it’s one of the best novels I’ve ever read.

14. Read this passage, open the brackets and speak about the changes that have taken place in Jane’s life of late.

Well, for me personally, the most important thing is that I (get married) and I (just have) a baby boy, called Darrel, who is now one month old. He (totally change) my life. My life is also different now, because we (just move) to a new flat. Also I (buy) a new car – a Volkswagen. It’s very comfortable for the three of us.

What else? Oh, I (find) a new job – it’s for a computer firm and I (start) on Monday.

15. It has been a long time!

Put for or since into each gap. For is used with a period of time. Since is used with a point in time.

15a. Complete the sentence “I have been here...”. Use since or for with the given expressions.

I have been here...

444

1. ... two months. 2. ... since September. 3. ... 1990. 4. ... last year. 5. ... two years. 6. ... fifteen minutes. 7. ... 10:30. 8. ... about five weeks. 9. ... the first of January. 10. ... almost four months. 11. ... the beginning of the semester. 12. ... the semester started. 13. ... a couple of hours. 14. ... last Friday. 15. ... a long time. 16. ... yesterday.

16. Fill in the blanks with “been to”, “been in”, or “gone to”.

1. “Where is Anna?” “She has ... ... the shops. She’ll be back soon.”

2. “Have you ever ... ... America?” “Yes, I have ... ... New York several times.”

3. We have ... ... this class since September.

4. The Browns have ... ... Paris for years now. They like it there. 5. John has ... ... Oxford in his car. He is staying the night with

friends.

6. How long have you ... ... this country?

7. I have ... ... Spain for a fortnight, but I haven’t ... ... a bull fight yet.

8. The Hunts have ... ... Australia to live. They are going to be happy there.

17. Can you say the same thing about yourself?

1. They have always liked books on travel. 2. My friend has been ill since last week. 3. He hasn’t attended classes in French. 4. The Smiths haven’t owned a car since 1999. 5. She has been interested in astronomy for many years. 6. Bob hasn’t had a driver’s license for more than a month. 7 He has worked for a joint venture since last December.

445

18.Ask your colleague how long

–he/she has been in class*.

–he/she has lived in Moscow.

–he/she has been interested in art.

–he/she has studied broadcasting.

–he/she has taken a course in English history.

–he/she has had this magazine / dictionary / album.

–he/she has been busy writing the article / operating the computer.

–he/she has been top of the class**.

19.For practice make up short conversations in the following

way.

1.Do you know your teacher? (since I was a teenager)

2.Do you want to be an actress? (since I saw “Gone with the Wind”)

3.Does Max own a sports car? (since he won the lottery)

4.Are Robert and Ruth married? (since they graduated from uni versity)

5.Are you having a headache? (since 10 o’clock this morning)

6.Does Natasha live in Dublin? (since she met Fred Heat)

7.Does Joe have problems with his leg? (since he fell off the bicy cle)

8.Do the English class study Shakespeare? (since the beginning of the term)

*In class – на уроке, a class in grammar – урок по грамматике, What time does the next class begin? Когда начинается следующий урок?

требляется в другом значении – группа обучающихся: а сlass of 10 students.

446

20. Pretend that it’s ten or fifteen years from now. You’re walking along the street and suddenly you meet your old school mate.

Ask your friend

a) how long he has lived in...; b) how long he has worked as... c) how long he has been married; d) if he has been interested in literature since he started working; e) when he took up his present career; f) if he has often travelled in his job; g) what places he has already visited; h) how those countries have impressed him.

You may finish like this.

A. Well, Alex, I’m afraid I have to go now.

We should get together soon.

B. Good idea, George.

21. Charles has come to Great Britain to train for a career.

a) Read his story, choose the right tenses and write out the text.

Hi! I (have come/came) to London in the first week of June. College is OK, but I (change/am going to change) from Design to Engineering. I (’m/’ve been) interested in Engineering for a long time, and I really think it’s the right thing for me. I (’ve talked/talked) to two or three teachers about it, and I (’ve seen/saw) the Principal yesterday, and they all say it’s OK to change.

Next weekend some of us (go/are going) to Wales – let’s hope the weather is OK. I (play/’m playing) tennis two or three times

a week, too. My new friends don’t smoke, so I (give up) smoking and (feel) much healthier now.

Social life is great! I (’ve been/went) out every night this week, and tomorrow I (have/’m having) a party in my room for my friends. The only problem is finding time to work.

447

b)Questions.

1.Did Charles come to London in the second week of June? Ask “When?”

2.Has the student decided to train as an architect?

3.We see that the situation has taken a new turn. Has Charles decided to change the faculty? Ask “Why?”

4.Who has he consulted about it with?

5.Is he going to leave for home for the week end? Ask about his plans for the near future.

6.Does Charles practise any sports? Ask “What sports?” “How often?”

7.Has the fellow given up his bad habit? Ask “What bad habit?”

8.Has he got down to work yet? Ask “Why not?”

9.It takes hard work to pass exams, doesn’t it?

c)Look through the text again. Roleplay the following situation. You’re attending a 6 month English course at London universi-

ty. When you meet Charles, you don’t recognize him at first. Then you realize he’s one of the other students who were on an English course with you a couple of years ago. Speak to your partner who is playing the part of Charles.

You start:

Excuse me, haven’t we met before?

22. Write a short paragraph about any changes that have taken place in your life in recent months. Read it out in class.

1.You’ve become a first year student. What university have you entered?

2.What have you taken up as a career? Give your reasons.

3.Have you made the decision on your own or have you followed your parents’ advice?

4.How many courses have you started so far?

5.Which of these courses is the most interesting you’ve ever taken?/the least useful?

6.Do you smoke? Have you given up any bad habits yet?

448

23.Work in groups.

a)Ask each other questions as in the example. Give as many different explanations as you can.

Example:

A.Why are your eyes all red?

B.I’ve been crying.

C.I’ve been peeling onions.

D.I’ve been watching Love story on TV.

b) What do you think these people have / haven’t been doing recently?

Example: He’s hot because he’s been running.

24. Work in pairs. Express an activity which has been going on up to the present moment.

Example:

A.What are your friends doing?

B.They are arguing.

A.Have they been arguing for a long time?

B.Yes, they have. They’ve been arguing all day / afternoon.

449