Английский язык. Учебник 1 курс

1.I /was/ at work/ yesterday/? 2. He /was /in France /last spring/?

3.She /was/ in the office/an hour ago/? 4. We/ were late /for the performance /yesterday/? 5. Granny /was/ in the country/ last summer/? 6. They/ were /at home/ last Sunday/? 7. Dad /was angry/ with me/ yesterday/? 8. He /was very polite /with me /last time/? 9. He /was busy /half an hour ago/? 10. It /was very windy/ the day before yesterday/?

1.4.3. Письменно составьте вопросы разного типа из данных слов.

She /will be/ his friend / soon/? Will she be his friend soon? Whose friend will she be soon? Who will be his friend soon?

1. She/ will be ready /in five minutes/? 2. They/ will be/ at home/ in half an hour/? 3. We /will be late /for the next lesson/? 4. You /will be/ an accountant /in a year/? 5. They /will be tired /after a long walk/? 6. I /will be back/ soon/? 7. It /will be warm /tomorrow/? 8. The weather /will be nice/ next week/? 9. She/ will be /our new teacher /next term/? 10. We /will be /out of town/ tomorrow/?

1.4.4. Письменно составьте вопросы разного типа из данных слов.

She /likes /ice cream/?

Does she like ice cream?

What does she like?

Who likes ice-cream?

1. He /usually/ comes/ in time/? 2. You / always / work / hard/? 3. Don/ seldom gets up/ early/? 4. I/ often/ go/ to the university/ by car/? 5. He/ always/ comes to the office/ in time/? 6. She/ usually /feels/ well/? 7. They /know/ a lot/ about art/? 8. You / always / work / hard ? 9. He /speaks /English/ well/? 10. He/ does /with people /well/?

1.4.5. Письменно составьте вопросы разного типа из данных слов.

They /traveled/ much/ last year/?

Did they travel much last year?

When did they travel much?

Who travelled much last year?

1. They /went /to London/ by plane/ yesterday/? 2. My friend /traveled/ a lot /last year/? 3. He/ worked /hard /yesterday/? 4. They/ bought/ a new car/ last week/? 5. The train/ arrived/ an hour ago/? 6. We /changed /trains/ in

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Berlin /yesterday/ evening/? 7. His family/ sold/ the house /a year ago/? 8. She /felt well /yesterday/? 9. Dan /arrived/ late /for the classes/ last Monday/? 10. Helen /did/a lot of work/ yesterday/?

1.4.6. Письменно составьте вопросы разного типа из данных слов.

You /will ski/ tomorrow/? Will you ski tomorrow? What will you do tomorrow? Who will ski tomorrow?

1. I/ will phone/ you/ tomorrow/? 2. He /will meet/ us /at the station /next Friday/? 3. She /will learn/ a great deal /next term/? 4. We/ will pass /the exam /soon/? 5. I/ will come/ back/ in two days/? 6. She/ will get married/ next month/? 7. My friends/ will leave /for Italy/ in a week/? 8. My brother/ will help/ me /with this work/ next Tuesday/? 9. He/will pay/ all/ his /bills /tomorrow/? 10. We/ will sign/ the contract/ next week/?

1.4.7. Письменно составьте вопросы разного типа из данных слов.

You/ are watching/ TV/ now/?

Are you watching TV now?

What are watching now?

Who is watching TV now?

1. He /is working /in the lab/ now/? 2. She/ is listening /to you/ with interest/ at the moment/? 3. It/ is raining /in the South/ now/? 4. We/ are working/ at this problem/ right now/? 5. They/ are doing/ shopping/ at the moment/? 6. The children/ are playing/ computer games /at present/? 7. Ann /is cooking /dinner/ in the kitchen /now/? 8. Don/ is having /a shower/ just now/? 9. They are going /to Spain/ tomorrow/? 10. He/ is meeting/ them /next Friday/?

1.4.8. Письменно составьте вопросы разного типа из данных слов.

He/ was watching/ TV /at this time yesterday/? Was he watching TV at this time yesterday? What was he doing at this tume yesterday?

1. He/ was watching /TV/ at 7 o’clock /yesterday/? 2. She /was reading/ for the exam /from 3 to 10 p.m. /yesterday/? 3. It/ was raining /all day long /yesterday/? 4. We /were waiting/ for him/at that moment/ yesterday/? 5. You /were studying/ all night/ before your last exam/? 6. They /were traveling/ in Europe/ at this time/ last year/? 7. I /was reading /from 5 till 7 o’clock/ yes-

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terday evening/? 8. My friends/ were waiting/ for me/ at the metro station/ when I saw them/? 9. Father/was reading/ a paper/ when I came/? 10. She /was cooking /when her husband came/?

1.4.9. Письменно составьте вопросы разного типа из данных слов.

They /will be watching/ TV/ at 7 o’clock /tomorrow/? Will they be watching TV at 7 o’clock tomorrow? What will they be doing at 7 o’clock tomorrow?

1. At 3 o’clock/ tomorrow/ I /will be going /to Berlin/? 2. At 7 o’clock/ this evening/ he/ will be having/ party/? 3. At 10 o’clock /tomorrow morning/ she/ will be working /in her office/? 4. We //will be enjoying ourselves/ at this time /tomorrow/? 5. You /will be swimming /in the sea /at this time/ next week/? 6. They/ will be studying /all day long/ tomorrow/? 7. Ann/ will be reading/ for the exam/ all night/ tomorrow/? 8. His parents /will be flying /to Spain/ at that time/ next Sunday/? 9. He/ will be resting/ all through the weekend/? 10. Her friends/ will be dancing/ the whole evening/ tomorrow/?

1.4.10.Заполните таблицу, пользуясь словарем.

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БЛОК II

Грамматика: Perfect Tenses и Perfect Continuous Tenses.

Словообразование

Тема: Life At College And University.

Раздел 2.1

2.1.1.Отработайте произношение данных слов и словосочетаний, уточнив транскрипцию по словарю.

2.1.2.Прочитайте текст и назовите типы высших учебных заведений, упомянутых в тексте.

LIFE AT COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY

The academic year in Britain’s universities, Polytechnics, Colleges of Education is divided into three terms, which usually run from the beginning of October to the middle of December, from the middle of January to the end of March, and from the middle of April to the end of June or the beginning of July.

There are 46 universities in Britain. The oldest and best-known universities are located in Oxford, Cambridge, London, Leeds, Manchester, Liverpool, Edinburgh, Southampton, Cardiff, Bristol, Birmingham.

Good A-level results in at least two subjects are necessary to get a place at the university. However, good exam passes alone are not enough. Universities choose their students after interviews. For all British citizens a place at a university brings with it a grant from their local education authority.

English universities greatly differ from each other. They differ in date of foundation, size, history, tradition, general organization, methods of instruction, way of student life.

After three years of study a university graduate will leave with a Degree of a Bachelor of Arts, Science, Engineering, Medicine, etc. Later he may continue to take the Master’s Degree and then the Doctor’s Degree. Research is an important feature of university work.

The two intellectual eyes of Great Britain – Oxford and Cambridge Universities – date from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.

The Scottish universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh date from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

In the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth centuries the so-called Redbrick universities were founded. These include London, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, Sheffield, and Birmingham. During the late sixtieth and early seventieth some 20 new universities were set up. Sometimes they are called “concrete and glass’ universities. Among them are the universities of Sussex, York, East Anglia and some others.

During these years the Government set up thirty Polytechnics. The Polytechnics, like the universities, offer first and higher degrees. Some of them offer full-time and sandwich courses. Colleges of Education provide two-year courses in teacher education or sometimes three years if the graduate specializes in some particular subject.

Some of those who decide to leave school at the age of 16 may go to a further education college where they can follow a course in typing, engineering, town planning, cooking, or hairdressing, full-time or part-time. Further education colleges have strong ties with commerce and industry.

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There is an interesting form of studies which is called the Open University. It is intended for people who study in their own free time and who “attend” lectures by watching television and listening to the radio. They keep in touch by phone and letter with their tutors and attend summer schools. The Open University students have no formal qualifications and would be unable to enter ordinary universities.

Some 80,000 overseas students study at British universities or further education colleges or train in nursing, law, banking or in industry.

2.1.3 Прочитайте текст ещё раз. Укажите, какие предложения соответствуют содержанию текста. Подтвердите свои ответы фактами из текста:

1.The students of Polytechnics can get only the first degree.

2.The Redbrick universities were set up in seventieth last century.

3.There are three terms in the academic year in British universities.

4.The students of the Open University get first and higher degrees.

5.One can enter the university if he or she has good result in one subject.

6.College of Education provides four-year courses.

7.The students of the Open University should attend lectures during the academic year.

8.All the universities in Britain have the same traditions and general organization.

9.The students of Polytechnics may work and study at the same time.

10.The universities of Sussex, York and East Anglia are sometimes called “concrete and glass” universities.

11.Children at the age of fourteen may go to a further education college.

12.There are no overseas students at British universities.

2.1.4Ответьте на данные вопросы. (Работа в парах).

1.How many terms are there in the academic year in Britain?

2.How many universities are there in Great Britain?

3.What is necessary to get a place at the university?

4.Who gets grants at the universities?

5.How do the universities differ?

6.What degree does the university graduate get after three years of studying?

7.How many years does it take to get the Master’s Degree and the Doctor’s Degree?

8.What is an important feature of university work?

9.How old is Oxford University?

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10.How old is Cambridge University?

11.How old are the Scottish Universities?

12.When were the Redbrick universities founded?

13.When were the “concrete and glass” universities set up?

14.How many Polytechnics did the Government set up?

15.What degrees do Polytechnics offer?

16.What courses do they offer?

17.What courses do the Colleges of Education provide?

18.What course can the young people follow after leaving school at the age of 16?

19.What is the method of instruction at the Open University?

20.How do the students of the Open University keep in touch with their tutors?

21.Do the Open University students have formal qualification?

22.How many overseas students are there in Britain?

2.1.5. Просмотрите текст и найдите фразам, данным в левой колонке (1-8)подходящее завершение в правой колонке (a-h).

8.They keep in touch by phone h) early seventieth some universities were

2.1.6Сократите текст, опустив несущественные детали.

2.1.7Составьте план и передайте содержание текста.

Academic year, good results, interview, to leave with a degree, to be founded, Polytechnics, to offer, a further education college, to be intended for, to attend, overseas.

2.1.8 Расскажите, какие возможности продолжить образование после получения обязательного общего среднего образования существуют в нашей стране.

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Раздел 2.2

2.2.1. Отработайте произношение слов, уточнив транскрипцию по словарю:

2.2.2. Прочитайте текст и назовите, какие возможности получить работу есть у британской молодёжи:

SIXTEEN AND AFTER

Sixteen is a crucial age. This is when young men and women have to decide whether to stay at school, to go on to a college, to look for a job, or to start a Young Training Program. All have to think about gaining employment in a job market which demands increasingly skilled workers. Most study for “A” and “AS” level qualifications. These are two-year courses in single subject. Students will usually take two or three subjects which may be combined with one or two “AS” courses. These are offered by schools and colleges.

The government is keen that more young people should stay on at school or college for the period between 16 and 18, not just to do academic

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work but also to gain practical skills which will prepare them for employment. Colleges of further education offer a number of more vocationally orientated courses for 16 to 18 year-olds. Vocational qualifications prepare young people for work in various occupations such as business, engineering, administration, catering and tourism. Vocational qualifications are reformed into National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) and General NVQs (GNVQs). NVQs are designed for people at work, although they can be taken at colleges and at some schools. GNVQ”s introduced from September 1992 are designed primarily for young people in full-time education in schools and colleges. They are a vocational alternative to “A” levels and offer a broadbased vocational education for a range or related jobs within an occupational area such as business, art and design or health and social care. They also provide a ladder towards higher levels of study, including higher education, and to employment.

After their period in further education young people have the opportunity to go on to higher education in a university, polytechnic or college, provided they have good “A” level exam results or good passes in vocational qualifications.

Unless they are fortunate enough to have a job to go to, the first stop for young people entering the job market at 16 is their local Jobcentre or careers office. Some school careers advisers teach such skills as filling out a curriculum vita or writing letters applying for jobs but for many young people this is uncharted territory. Youth workers in the Youth Service organizations also give advice and counseling.

A large number of 16 and 17 year-olds enter Youth Training programs established by the Government as a means of helping young people to gain vocational experience through training which can lead to National Vocational Qualifications at level II and above. The Government guarantees a place on the scheme to everybody under 18 who is not in full-time education or in work. Youth training programs, which include the Youth Credits initiative cover a wide range of vocational skills from hairdressing to engineering and a large percentage of trainees are able to find work once they have completed a Youth Training course.

Another option is to become self-employed. This requires a product or service which has a clear market as well as good advice and motivation. It isn’t easy as is testified by the high proportion of business start-ups which fail during their first year. However, a number of organizations offer grants as well as start-up advice. For example the Prince’s Youth Business Trust (assister of The Prince’s Trust organization) helps unemployed and disadvantaged 18 to 29 year-olds set up viable businesses and provides grants and loans to both individuals and groups. The Shell-sponsored Livewire scheme

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helps young people between 16 and 25 to start business enterprise with advice and cash awards. Free advice is offered by the network of Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs), co-ordinated through the Department of Trade and Industry and run by professional advisers and business people. Also the Business Enterprise Program provides training in skills needed to run small business.

2.2.3.Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы. (Работа в парах)

1.Why is sixteen a crucial age?

2.Where one can study to gain “A” or “AS” levels?

3.What courses are provided for young people in schools and colleges?

4.Where do young people get advice about entering the job market?

5.What do you know about Youth Training course?

6.Do most business start-ups succeed or fail?

7.What organizations help young people to start their own business?

8.What program provides training if a young man wants to start small business?

2.2.4.Выпишите из текста слова, отражающие основную тему текста.

2.2.5.Составьте план текста на английском языке.

2.2.6.Напишите небольшое сообщение на английском языке по теме текста.

Раздел 2.3

2.3.1. Прочитайте текст. Дайте ответ на вопрос: “What are the ways of sсhooling?”

Notes:

1.grammar school – классическая школа

2.“O” levels – экзамены «обычного» уровня

3.“A” levels – экзамены «продвинутого» уровня

My schooling really started at the age of five, and from the age of five until I was nine I went to a private school, which is quite unusual in England. Then my parents moved and I went to a village school in the countryside.

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