Lecture 5

COMPOUND & COMPLEX SENTENCES. BASIC NOTIONS OF PRAGMATICS

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POINTS AT ISSUE

Structural types of sentences

Kinds of conjunctions: coordinative, correlative, conjunctive adverbs, subordinating conjunctions

Compound sentences

Complex sentences. Types of clauses (Noun, Adjective, Adverb)

Pragmatics as an approach of language study

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STRUCTURAL TYPES OF SENTENCES

STRUCTURAL TYPES OF SENTENCES

Simple: SV, SVO, SVOO, SVC, SVA,

SVOA

Compound: S+S, S but S, S or S, S and S

Complex: S + s, conj s + S, S + conj s

Complex-compound

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SENTENCE CONNECTION

SYNDETICALLY :

S[S[NP] [VP]] CONJ [S[NP][VP]]] ASYNDETICALLY

S [S[NP][VP]] + [S[NP][VP]]]

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KINDS OF CONJUNCTIONS

COORDINATING

join independent words, phrases, sentences

SUBORDINATING

join dependent clauses to the main clauses

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COORDINATORS

for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

Coordinating conjunctions join equals to one another:

words to words: girls phrases to phrases:

well clumsily

presented clauses to clause

Do you agree, or do you

disagree?

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CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS

either. . .or both. . . and neither. . . nor

not only. . . but also

These pairs of conjunctions require equal (parallel) structures after each one.

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CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Join independent clauses together.

after all, also, as a result, besides, consequently, finally, for example, furthermore, hence, however, in addition, incidentally, indeed, in fact, in other words, instead, likewise, meanwhile, moreover, nevertheless, next, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, still, then, therefore, thus

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COMPOUND SENTENCES

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COMPOUND SENTENCES (EXAMPLES)

He is a shy man, but he is not scared of anything or anyone.

Emma lives at home and (she) has a steady job.

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