Инерциальная навигация
.pdf/ . '
- 0 %
, '
D 2 3 2
C )< . ' 8 / !
. ' 1 ! /
2 ! 0 '
; 0 ' E : /
/ '
>
/ 2 /' 6 ' A
!
! ! / G
' ! / ! 2
a . ! . .3
! /
! / '
D 2
! / 3
' E ! 0 !
/ /2 Q
ϑ . / !
/ ' ; !
2 !
% ,'
6 . !
/ 0 .3 P-<E' / ! . !
3 !
. . G '
$ 9 ( 0
1 /
! ' 1
2 !
+
/ ' 1
/ ; / /
2 ! @
Tt+dtRr+dr ◦ V + ◦ Θ + = (TtRr ◦ V ◦ Θ ) ◦ (Tdτ Vadτ Θωdτ )' ψ dψ ϑ dϑ ψ ϑ
A /
/ / / 3 '
; /
/
' ; / /
/ 0 / 0 /
' < !
0 Tt / Rr G .
RR! V
/ Θ |
|
ϑ G . |
|
|
|
BB! / / R = t + r B = exp(ψ/2) |
◦ exp(iϑ/2) |
: / C ' 8 3
/ ! .3 2
0 / 3 2 !
0 / ! .3 2 / .
'
6/ 2 .3 2 / ;
0 / R B' < !
.3 2 / 22 = 4!
! .3 . '
RB
R |
(1) |
(2) |
B |
(3) |
(4) |
1 / / .3 2 % !
,'
RR2 RR1 = RR! |
|
R = R1 + R2' |
|
|
|
|
% , |
|||
BB ◦ RR = RR ◦ BB! |
R = B ◦ R ◦ B¯ ' |
% , |
||||||||
RR |
◦ |
BB = BB |
◦ |
RR ! |
R = B−1 |
◦ |
R |
◦ |
B¯ −1' |
% , |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+
BB2 ◦ BB1 = BB! B = B2 ◦ B1' |
%*, |
$ * !
0 .3 2 ! .3
X = B ◦ X ◦ B¯ + R = eψ/2 |
◦ eiϑ/2 |
◦ X ◦ e−iϑ/2 |
◦ eψ/2 |
+ t + r' |
|
|
|
|
|
A . X = τ + ρ X = τ + ρ
. * / / !
% ,! X X
3 / ;
t! r! ψ ϑ'
; .3 2 / / 0
/ !
0 /
@
RR+dR ◦ BB+dB = (RR ◦ BB) ◦ (Rdτ Bexp(adτ /2) exp(iωdτ /2))'
6/ 2 . ! / /
/ dτ % .3
0
,@
RR ◦ BB ◦ Rdτ B1+(a+iω)dτ /2'
1 /
/ ' E
% , BB Rdτ ' ;
RR ◦ R dτ ¯ ◦ BB ◦ B1+(a+iω)dτ /2'
B B
> / / % , %*,
/ 0 /
R ¯ ◦ BB [1+( + ) 2]'
R+Bdτ B ◦ a iω dτ /
6 . ! / / 2
! /
% /
dτ / ,
+
RR+ R ◦ BB+ B = R ¯ ◦ BB+B ( + ) 2' d d R+B◦Bdτ ◦ a iω dτ /
8 / 0 /
!
3 / / / 2 /
! /
/
@
◦ ¯ dR/dτ = B B!
dB/dτ = B ◦ (a + iω)/2!
! ! R = t + r! B = eψ/2 |
◦ eiϑ/2 |
! |
B¯ = e−iϑ/2 |
◦ eψ/2' |
|
|
|
|
|
F 0 '
6 R / /
. / / % 3 G ,!
. : / .' 6/
|
B |
|
¯ |
! / |
|
! 3 |
|
|
B |
|
exp(ψ) |
|
! 3
' 6 0
/ / @ %
, % ,
' D / /
. % 9., . % .,
.3 '
P / B .
. G ! 0
/
' 8 3
/ % ,
' A
B / ψ ϑ !
0 ! / '
6 .
' B
: ! / ' <
. . * !
. / / . / / % !
+
i! /
,@
2 |
R |
|
d |
|
|
|
dB |
|
|
¯ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
d |
= |
B ◦ B¯ |
= |
◦ B¯ + B ◦ |
dB |
= |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
dτ 2 |
|
dτ |
dτ |
|
dτ |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
|
B ◦ (a + iω) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
¯ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
= |
◦ |
B¯ + B |
◦ |
(a − iω) ◦ B |
= B |
◦ |
a |
◦ |
B¯ |
' |
||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
; ! 0 2 ! 2
' <
0 % G ,
/
% ! ,
% / ! ,'
; .
/ '
8 Λ .3 / @
Λ = eεi(t+r)/2 ◦ eψ/2 |
◦ eiϑ/2 = eεiR/2 |
◦ B = B + εiR ◦ B/2' |
||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-! / / / R B@ |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
dΛ |
= |
d |
B + εi |
R |
|
B |
= |
dB |
+ |
εi dR |
B + εi |
R |
|
dB |
= |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
dτ |
|
|
◦ |
|
2 dτ ◦ |
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
dτ |
2 |
|
|
dτ |
|
2 ◦ dτ |
||||||||||||
= |
1 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
¯ |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
||||
/2B ◦ (a + iω) + /2εiB ◦ B ◦ B + /2εiR ◦ /2B ◦ (a + iω) = |
||||||||||||||||||||
= 1/2 Λ ◦ (a + iω) + εiB ◦ B¯ ◦ B ! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
|
¯ |
|
|
|
¯ |
|
! @ |
|||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
εB ◦ B ◦ B = εΛ ◦ Λ ◦ Λ |
|
|
|
|
|
◦ ¯ ◦ dΛ/dτ = Λ a + iω + εiΛ Λ /2'
-! Λ' A ! 2 /
Λ(τ0) = eεi(t0 |
+r0)/2 ◦ eψ0/2 |
◦ eiϑ0/2! |
|
|
|
! . τ
Λ(τ ) = eεi(t(τ )+r(τ ))/2 ◦ eψ(τ )/2 |
◦ eiϑ(τ )/2' |
|
|
+
6/ exp(εϕ/2) . ' 0
% / / ,
/ / B R'
; /
/ 2 / / t! r! v Q!
! /
' 6/ 2 % / , 0 %
!
: ,'
dt |
= |
√ |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
dτ |
1 − v2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
dr |
|
= |
√ |
v |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
dτ |
1 − v2 |
|
|
|
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q−1) ! |
||||||||||
dv |
|
|
|
|
|
v2)Q |
|
|
|
Q−1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
v |
v |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
= (1 |
|
|
a |
|
1 |
|
v2 |
1 |
1 |
|
v2 |
|
(Q |
|
a |
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
dτ |
|
− |
◦ |
◦ |
− |
− |
v |
v |
× |
◦ |
◦ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
− |
|
|
|
|
− |
|
× |
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
dQ |
= |
i |
Q |
ω + |
a × (Q−1 ◦ v ◦ |
Q) |
' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
dτ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
2 |
|
|
◦ |
|
|
|
1 + √1 − v2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 ! v → 0 0 .
/ v . / /
' ; 0
!
/ 0 .3
P-<E % 0 / 2 /! / /
,'
$ 9 (
; ! ! 2
. ' $
/!
3
! / % .
0 / ,@
Tt+dtRr+dr Φϕ+dϕ ◦ V + ◦ Θ + = (TtRr Φϕ ◦ V ◦ Θ ) ◦ (TδtΦδϕV Θ )' ψ dψ ϑ dϑ ψ ϑ δψ δϑ
+$
< / 0 Φϕ !
2
' ; 0 '
1 .3 %
/ ,@
Tt+dtRr+dr ◦ V + ◦ Θ + = (TtRr ◦ V ◦ Θ ) ◦ (Tdτ Vadτ Θωdτ )' ψ dψ ϑ dϑ ψ ϑ
B / 0
Φϕ ! / /
3
/! / 0 .3
' A
! Φϕ !
/ '
6 2 ! / /
! . /
/ ; ' < .3 2
'
- /
! 0 / / !
: ' - 0
.3 2 !
' ; ! /
.3 2 0 / 0 /
@
! .3 !
/ /! .
3 .3 '
- 0 !
/ @
Λ+ dΛ = Λ ◦ eεidτ /2eadτ /2eiωdτ /2!
(+ ) 2 2 2 R 2
Λ = eεi t r / ◦ eψ/ ◦ eiϑ/ = eεi / ◦ B = (1 + εiR/2) ◦ B'
F 0 / / !
/ dτ ! ! 3 Λ dτ !
/
Λ@
++
dΛ/dτ = Λ ◦ (a + iω + εi)/2'
6 2 / 3 ! .3
/ ; ! Λ' >
/ / ' 6/ . . Λ
Λ = B + ε |
i |
R |
◦ |
B |
, |
dΛ |
= |
dB |
+ ε |
i |
1 dR |
◦ |
B + i |
R |
|
dB |
! |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
dτ |
dτ |
2 dτ |
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 ◦ dτ |
. . !
.3
|
dB |
+ |
εi |
|
dR |
|
|
B + R |
◦ |
dB |
|
= |
dΛ |
= |
1 |
Λ |
◦ |
(a + iω + εi) = |
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
dτ |
2 |
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
dτ |
|
|
|
2 dτ ◦ |
|
|
|
|
dτ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
= |
1 |
B + εi |
R |
|
◦ |
B |
◦ |
(a+iω+εi) = |
|
B |
◦ |
(a+iω)+ |
εi |
B + R |
◦ |
B |
◦ |
(a + iω) ' |
||||||||||||||||
2 |
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 .3 /
@
dR/dτ = 1! dB/dτ = B ◦ (a + iω)/2
R = t + r, B = eψ/2 |
◦ eiϑ/2' |
|
|
6 ! B .3 !
/ !
R ' E ! /
t! r! ψ! ϑ . ! . ! /
/ ; ' 6/ 2 .3
@
dt/dτ = 1!
dr/dτ = 0'
; 0 .3 !
/ / C ! : 3 '
E . dr/dτ = 0
!
! /
! ! G
+7
' ; /
/ ' ; / / ' <
'
' 1 ! / ! /
/
' E .3 2
/ .3 2 / ; !
/ ! /
/ ! / /
@
, ! / 3 / /
/ /! 3 / / : .
! ! !
! / .3
% / 3 / ,=
, ! / 3 / /
! 3 / /'
A / !
2 3 / /! /
' >
/ 0 / /
: %a = 0! ω = 0,
.'
+
+' & # "
% 9 ( : (
; . 2 . C / '
< 0 / 2 @ /
/! . /
C 0 ' 1
2 C / G !
/ '
; 0 / %Tt! Rr! Vv! Θ Gg ,
ϑ!
2 / C ! 2 2 :
.3 2 ' 6
.
.'
6 / / :
. / / ' > 0
/ * X = τ + ρ' 6 /
/ 0
% /
. /
/,!
' >
3 2 / C 0 *
' > .3 2
! . 0 / ' E
! . * 0 /
/ C '
, ; Tt % / / .
,@
τ = τ + t! ρ = ρ'
, ; Rr % / / .
/ /
,@
τ = τ ! ρ = ρ + r'
7.