US Army Dictionary of Military Terms

interpretation to answer adequately requirements on a given type of target. b. fair — Imagery is suitable for interpretation to answer requirements on a given type of target but with only average detail. c. good

—Imagery is suitable for interpretation to answer requirements on a given type of target in considerable detail. d. excellent

—Imagery is suitable for interpretation to answer requirements on a given type of target in complete detail.

interpretation — A part of the analysis and production phase in the intelligence cycle in which the significance of information is judged in relation to the current body of knowledge. See also intelligence cycle.

(JP 2-0)

interrogation (intelligence) — Systematic effort to procure information by direct questioning of a person under the control of the questioner.

inter-Service education — Military education provided by one Service to members of another Service. See also military education; military training.

inter-Service, intragovernmental agreements — Formal long-term or operational specific support agreements between Services, Department of Defense (DOD), and/or non-DOD agencies governed by DOD Instruction 4000.19,

Interservice and Intragovernmental Support. These agreements, normally developed at the Service Secretariat and governmental agency director level, document funding and reimbursement procedures as well as standards of support between the supplying and receiving Service or agencies. Inter-Service, intragovernmental agreements, while binding Service level agreements, do not connote DOD-level executive agent responsibilities. See also inter-Service support. (JP 4-07)

inter-Service support — Action by one Military Service or element thereof to provide logistic and/or administrative support to another Military Service or element thereof. Such action can be recurring or nonrecurring in character on an installation, area, or worldwide basis. See also interdepartmental or agency support; international logistic support; support.

inter-Service training — Military training provided by one Service to members of another Service. See also military education; military training.

intertheater — Between theaters or between the continental United States and theaters. See also intertheater traffic.

intertheater airlift — See strategic airlift.

(JP 4-01.1)

intertheater evacuation — Evacuation of stabilized patients between the originating theater and points outside the theater, to include the continental United States and other theaters. En route care is provided by medical attendants qualified for the specific mode of transportation. See also en route care; evacuation; intratheater evacuation; patient. (JP 4-02)

intertheater traffic — Traffic between theaters exclusive of that between the continental United States and theaters.

interval — (*) 1. The space between adjacent groups of ships or boats measured in any direction between the corresponding ships or boats in each group. 2. The space between adjacent individuals, ground vehicles, or units in a formation that are placed side by side, measured abreast. 3. The space between adjacent aircraft measured from front to rear in units of time or distance. 4. The time lapse between photographic exposures. 5. At battery right

or left, an interval ordered in seconds is the time between one gun firing and the next gun firing. Five seconds is the standard interval. 6. At rounds of fire for effect the interval is the time in seconds between successive rounds from each gun.

intervention — Action taken to divert a unit or force from its track, flight path, or mission.

interview (intelligence) — To gather information from a person who is aware that information is being given although there is ignorance of the true connection and purposes of the interviewer. Generally overt unless the collector is other than purported to be.

intracoastal sealift — Shipping used primarily for the carriage of personnel and/ or cargo along a coast or into river ports to support operations within a given area.

intransit aeromedical evacuation facility —

A medical facility, on or in the vicinity of an air base, that provides limited medical care for intransit patients awaiting air transportation. This type of medical facility is provided to obtain effective utilization of transport airlift within operating schedules. It includes “remain overnight” facilities, intransit facilities at aerial ports of embarkation and debarkation, and casualty staging facilities in an overseas combat area. See also aeromedical evacuation unit.

intransit inventory — That materiel in the military distribution system that is in the process of movement from point of receipt from procurement and production (either contractor’s plant or first destination, depending upon point of delivery) and between points of storage and distribution.

intransit stock — See intransit inventory.

in-transit visibility — The ability to track the identity, status, and location of Department of Defense units, and non-unit cargo (excluding bulk petroleum, oils, and lubricants) and passengers; medical patients; and personal property from origin to consignee or destination across the range of military operations. Also called ITV.

See also Global Transportation Network; total asset visibility. (JP 4-01.8)

intratheater — Within a theater. See also intratheater traffic.

intratheater airlift — See theater airlift.

(JP 4-01.1)

intratheater evacuation — Evacuation of stabilized patients between points within the theater. En route care is provided by medical attendants qualified for the specific mode of transportation. See also en route care; evacuation; intertheater evacuation; patient. (JP 4-02)

intratheater traffic — Traffic within a theater.

intruder — An individual, unit, or weapon system, in or near an operational or exercise area, which presents the threat of intelligence gathering or disruptive activity.

intrusion — Movement of a unit or force within another nation’s specified operational area outside of territorial seas and territorial airspace for surveillance or intelligence gathering in time of peace or tension.

invasion currency — See military currency.

inventory control — (*) That phase of military logistics which includes managing, cataloging, requirements determinations, procurement, distribution, overhaul, and disposal of materiel. Also called inventory

management; materiel control; materiel management; supply management.

inventory control point — An organizational unit or activity within a Department of Defense supply system that is assigned the primary responsibility for the materiel management of a group of items either for a particular Service or for the Defense Department as a whole. Materiel inventory management includes cataloging direction, requirements computation, procurement direction, distribution management, disposal direction and, generally, rebuild direction. Also called ICP.

inventory management — See inventory control.

inventory managers — See inventory control point.

investment costs — Those program costs required beyond the development phase to introduce into operational use a new capability; to procure initial, additional, or replacement equipment for operational forces; or to provide for major modifications of an existing capability. They exclude research, development, test and evaluation, military personnel, and operation and maintenance appropriation costs.

ionosphere — That part of the atmosphere, extending from about 70 to 500 kilometers, in which ions and free electrons exist in sufficient quantities to reflect electromagnetic waves.

IR pointer — See infrared pointer.

(JP 3-09.3)

irregular forces — Armed individuals or groups who are not members of the regular armed forces, police, or other internal security forces.

irregular outer edge — (*) In land mine warfare, short mine rows or strips laid in an irregular manner in front of a minefield facing the enemy to deceive the enemy as to the type or extent of the minefield. Generally, the irregular outer edge will only be used in minefields with buried mines.

isodose rate line — See dose rate contour line.

isolated personnel — Military or civilian personnel separated from their unit or organization in an environment requiring them to survive, evade, or escape while awaiting rescue or recovery. See also combat search and rescue; search and rescue. (JP 3-50.2)

isolated personnel report — A Department of Defense Form (DD 1833) containing information designed to facilitate the identification and authentication of an evader by a recovery force. Also called

ISOPREP. See also authentication; evader; recovery force. (JP 3-50.3)

issue control group — A detachment that operates the staging area, consisting of holding areas and loading areas, in an operation. See also staging area. (JP4-01.6)

issue priority designator — See priority designator.

item manager — An individual within the organization of an inventory control point or other such organization assigned management responsibility for one or more specific items of materiel.

J-2X — Umbrella organization consisting of the human intelligence operations cell and the task force counterintelligence coordinating authority. The J-2X is responsible for coordination and deconfliction of all human source-related activity. See also counterintelligence; human intelligence. (JP 2-01)

jamming — See barrage jamming; electronic attack; electromagnetic jamming; selective jamming; spot jamming.

j-axis — A vertical axis in a system of rectangular coordinates; that line on which distances above or below (north or south) the reference line are marked, especially on a map, chart, or graph.

jet advisory service — The service provided certain civil aircraft while operating within radar and nonradar jet advisory areas. Within radar jet advisory areas, civil aircraft receiving this service are provided radar flight following, radar traffic information, and vectors around observed traffic. In nonradar jet advisory areas, civil aircraft receiving this service are afforded standard instrument flight rules separation from all other aircraft known to air traffic control to be operating within these areas.

jet propulsion — Reaction propulsion in which the propulsion unit obtains oxygen from the air, as distinguished from rocket propulsion, in which the unit carries its own oxygen-producing material. In connection with aircraft propulsion, the term refers to a gasoline or other fuel turbine jet unit that discharges hot gas through a tail pipe and a nozzle which provides a thrust that propels the aircraft. See also rocket propulsion.

jet stream — Anarrow band of high velocity wind in the upper troposphere or in the stratosphere.

jettison — The selective release of stores from an aircraft other than normal attack.

jettisoned mines — (*) Mines which are laid as quickly as possible in order to empty the minelayer of mines, without regard to their condition or relative positions.

joiner — (*) An independent merchant ship sailed to join a convoy. See also joiner convoy; joiner section.

joiner convoy — (*) A convoy sailed to join the main convoy. See also joiner; joiner section.

joiner section — (*) A joiner or joiner convoy, after rendezvous, and while maneuvering to integrate with the main convoy.

joint — Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., in which elements of two or more Military Departments participate. (JP 0-2)

joint after action report — A report consisting of summary joint universal lessons learned. It describes a real world operation or training exercise and identifies significant lessons learned. Also called

JAAR.

joint airborne advance party — An advance ground party that provides terminal guidance, air traffic control, ground control measures, intelligence gathering, and surface weather observation in the objective area of an airlift operation. It may consist

of US Air Force combat control team members and a US Army long-range surveillance team or similar forces. Also called JAAP. (JP 3-17)

joint airborne training — Training operations or exercises involving airborne and appropriate troop carrier units. This training includes: a. air delivery of personnel and equipment; b. assault operations by airborne troops and/or air transportable units; c. loading exercises and local orientation fights of short duration; and d. maneuvers and/or exercises as agreed upon by Services concerned and/or as authorized by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

joint air operations — Air operations performed with air capabilities/forces made available by components in support of the joint force commander’s operation or campaign objectives, or in support of other components of the joint force. (JP 3-56.1)

joint air operations center — A jointly staffed facility established for planning, directing, and executing joint air operations in support of the joint force commander’s operation or campaign objectives. Also called JAOC. See also joint air operations. (JP 3-56.1)

joint air operations plan — A plan for a connected series of joint air operations to achieve the joint force commander’s objectives within a given time and theater of operations. See also joint air operations. (JP 3-56.1)

joint amphibious operation — (*) An amphibious operation conducted by significant elements of two or more Services.

joint amphibious task force — Atemporary grouping of units of two or more Services under a single commander, organized for the purpose of engaging in an amphibious

landing for assault on hostile shores. Also called JATF.

joint base — For purposes of base defense operations, a joint base is a locality from which operations of two or more of the Military Departments are projected or supported and which is manned by significant elements of two or more Military Departments or in which significant elements of two or more Military Departments are located. See also base. (JP 3-10)

joint captured materiel exploitation center

— Physical location for deriving intelligence information from captured enemy materiel. It is normally subordinate to the joint force/J-2. Also called JCMEC. (JP 2-0)

joint civil-military operations task force —

A joint task force composed of civilmilitary operations units from more than one Service. It provides support to the joint force commander in humanitarian or nation assistance operations, theater campaigns, or a civil-military operations concurrent with or subsequent to regional conflict. It can organize military interaction among many governmental and nongovernmental humanitarian agencies within the theater. Also called JCMOTF. See also civilmilitary operations; joint task force; task force. (JP 3-57)

joint combat search and rescue operation

— A combat search and rescue operation in support of a component’s military operations that has exceeded the combat search and rescue capabilities of that component and requires the efforts of two or more components of the joint force. Normally, the operation is conducted by the joint force commander or a component commander that has been designated by joint force commander tasking. See also

combat search and rescue; search and rescue. (JP 3-50.2)

joint communications control center — An element of the J-6 established to support a joint force commander. The joint communications control center (JCCC) serves as the single control agency for the management and direction of the joint force command, control, communications, and computer systems. The JCCC may include plans and operations, administration, system control, and frequency management sections. Also called JCCC. (JP 6-02)

joint communications network — The aggregation of all the joint communications systems in a theater. The joint communications network includes the joint multi-channel trunking and switching system and the joint command and control communications system(s). Also called

JCN.

joint decision support tools — A compilation of processes and systems developed from the application of maturing leading edge information systems technologies that provide the warfighter and the logistician with the means to rapidly plan, execute, monitor, and replan logistic operations in a collaborative environment that is responsive to operational requirements. Also called JDST. (JP 4-0)

joint deployable intelligence support system — A transportable workstation and communications suite that electronically extends a joint intelligence center to a joint task force or other tactical user. Also called JDISS. (JP 2-0)

joint doctrine — Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of two or more Military Departments in coordinated action toward a common objective. It is authoritative; as such, joint doctrine will be followed except when, in the judgment of

the commander, exceptional circumstances dictate otherwise. It will be promulgated by or for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, in coordination with the combatant commands and Services. See also

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction; Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Manual; doctrine; joint publication; joint tactics, techniques, and procedures; joint test publication; multinational doctrine; multi-Service doctrine. (JP 1-01)

Joint Doctrine Publication System — The system of lead agents, Joint Staff doctrine sponsors, primary review authorities, coordinating review authorities, technical review authorities, Joint Doctrine Working Party, procedures, and hierarchical framework designed to organize, develop, maintain, print, and distribute joint publications. See also coordinating review authority; Joint Doctrine Working Party; joint publication; Joint Staff doctrine sponsor; lead agent; primary review authority. (JP 1-01)

Joint Doctrine Working Party — A forum to include representatives of the Services, combatant commands, and the Joint Staff (represented by the Operational Plans and Joint Force Development Directorate, J-7) which meets semiannually to address and vote on project proposals; discuss key joint doctrinal or operational issues; keep up to date on the status of the joint publication projects and emerging publications; and keep abreast of other initiatives of interest to the members. The Joint Doctrine Working Party meets under the sponsorship of the Director, J-7, Joint Staff. Also called

JDWP. See also joint doctrine; joint publication; joint tactics, techniques, and procedures; joint test publication.

(JP 1-01)

joint document exploitation center —

Physical location for deriving intelligence

information from captured enemy documents. It is normally subordinate to the joint force/J-2. Also called JDEC. See also intelligence. (JP 2-01)

joint duty assignment — An assignment to a designated position in a multi-Service, joint or multinational command or activity that is involved in the integrated employment or support of the land, sea, and air forces of at least two of the three Military Departments. Such involvement includes, but is not limited to, matters relating to national military strategy, joint doctrine and policy, strategic planning, contingency planning, and command and control of combat operations under a unified or specified command. Also called JDA.

Joint Duty Assignment List — Positions designated as joint duty assignments are reflected in a list approved by the Secretary of Defense and maintained by the Joint Staff. The Joint Duty Assignment List is reflected in the Joint Duty Assignment Management Information System. Also called JDAL.

joint engagement zone — See weapon engagement zone. (JP 3-52)

Joint Facilities Utilization Board — A joint board that evaluates and reconciles component requests for real estate, use of existing facilities, inter-Service support, and construction to ensure compliance with Joint Civil-Military Engineering Board priorities. (JP 4-04)

joint fires — Fires produced during the employment of forces from two or more components in coordinated action toward a common objective. See also fires. (JP3-09)

joint fires element — An optional staff element that provides recommendations to the operations directorate to accomplish fires planning and synchronization. Also

called JFE. See also fire support; joint fires. (JP 3-60)

joint fire support — Joint fires that assist air, land, maritime, amphibious, and special operations forces to move, maneuver, and control territory, populations, airspace, and key waters. See also fire support; joint fires. (JP 3-0)

joint flow and analysis system for transportation — System that determines the transportation feasibility of a course of action or operation plan; provides daily lift assets needed to move forces and resupply; advises logistic planners of channel and port inefficiencies; and interprets shortfalls from various flow possibilities. Also called

JFAST. See also course of action; operation plan; system. (JP 4-01.8)

joint force — A general term applied to a force composed of significant elements, assigned or attached, of two or more Military Departments operating under a single joint force commander. See also joint force commander. (JP 3-0)

joint force air component commander —

The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for making recommendations on the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking air forces; planning and coordinating air operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned. The joint force air component commander is given the authority necessary to accomplish missions and tasks assigned by the establishing commander. Also called

JFACC. See also joint force commander.

(JP 3-0)

joint force commander — A general term applied to a combatant commander, subunified commander, or joint task force

commander authorized to exercise combatant command (command authority) or operational control over a joint force. Also called JFC. See also joint force. (JP 0-2)

joint force land component commander —

The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for making recommendations on the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking land forces; planning and coordinating land operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned. The joint force land component commander is given the authority necessary to accomplish missions and tasks assigned by the establishing commander. Also called

JFLCC. See also joint force commander.

(JP 3-0)

joint force maritime component commander — The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for making recommendations on the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking maritime forces and assets; planning and coordinating maritime operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned. The joint force maritime component commander is given the authority necessary to accomplish missions and tasks assigned by the establishing commander. Also called

JFMCC. See also joint force commander. (JP 3-0)

joint force meteorological and oceanographic officer — Officer designated to provide direct meteorological and oceanographic support to a joint force commander. Also called JMO. See also meteorological and oceanographic.

(JP 3-59)

joint force special operations component commander — The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for making recommendations on the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking special operations forces and assets; planning and coordinating special operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned. The joint force special operations component commander is given the authority necessary to accomplish missions and tasks assigned by the establishing commander. Also called

JFSOCC. See also joint force commander. (JP 3-0)

joint force surgeon — Ageneral term applied to a medical officer appointed by the joint force commander to serve as the joint force special staff officer responsible for establishing, monitoring, or evaluating joint force health service support. Also called

JFS. See also health service support; joint force. (JP 4-02)

joint guidance, apportionment, and targeting team — A group that makes recommendations for air apportionment to engage targets, and provides other targeting support requiring component input at the joint force air component commander level. Seealsoairapportionment;apportionment; joint force air component commander; targeting. (JP 3-60)

joint information bureau — Facilities established by the joint force commander to serve as the focal point for the interface between the military and the media during the conduct of joint operations. When operated in support of multinational operations, a joint information bureau is called a “combined information bureau” or an “allied press information center.” Also called JIB. See also public affairs. (JP 3-61)

joint integrated prioritized target list — A prioritized list of targets and associated data approved by the joint force commander or designated representative and maintained by a joint force. Targets and priorities are derived from the recommendations of components in conjunction with their proposed operations supporting the joint force commander’s objectives and guidance. Also called JIPTL. See also target; target list. (JP 3-60)

joint intelligence — Intelligence produced by elements of more than one Service of the same nation.

joint intelligence architecture — Adynamic, flexible structure that consists of the National Military Joint Intelligence Center, the theater joint intelligence centers, and subordinate joint force joint intelligence support elements. This architecture encompasses automated data processing equipment capabilities, communications and information requirements, and responsibilities to provide national, theater, and tactical commanders with the full range of intelligence required for planning and conducting operations. See also architecture; intelligence. (JP 2-0)

joint intelligence center — The intelligence center of the combatant command headquarters. The joint intelligence center is responsible for providing and producing the intelligence required to support the combatant commander and staff, components, subordinate joint forces and elements, and the national intelligence community. Also called JIC. See also intelligence; joint intelligence; joint intelligence architecture. (JP 2-0)

joint intelligence liaison element — A liaison element provided by the Central Intelligence Agency in support of a unified command or joint task force.

joint intelligence preparation of the battlespace — The analytical process used by joint intelligence organizations to produce intelligence assessments, estimates and other intelligence products in support of the joint force commander’s decisionmaking process. It is a continuous process that includes defining the total battlespace environment; describing the battlespace’s effects; evaluating the adversary; and determining and describing adversary potential courses of action. The process is used to analyze the air, land, sea, space, electromagnetic, cyberspace, and human dimensions of the environment and to determine an opponent’s capabilities to operate in each. Joint intelligence preparation of the battlespace products are used by the joint force and component command staffs in preparing their estimates and are also applied during the analysis and selection of friendly courses of action. Also called JIPB. See also battlespace; intelligence; joint intelligence. (JP 2-0)

joint intelligence support element — A subordinate joint force forms a joint intelligence support element as the focus for intelligence support for joint operations, providing the joint force commander, joint staff, and components with the complete air, space, ground, and maritime adversary situation. Also called JISE. See also intelligence; joint force; joint operations.

(JP 2-01)

joint interrogation and debriefing center

— Physical location for the exploitation of intelligence information from enemy prisoners of war and other non-prisoner sources. It is normally subordinate to the joint force/J-2. Also called JIDC. See also information; intelligence. (JP 2-01)

joint logistics — The art and science of planning and carrying out, by a joint force commander and staff, logistic operations to

support the protection, movement, maneuver, firepower, and sustainment of operating forces of two or more Military Departments of the same nation. See also logistics. (JP 3-10)

joint logistics over-the-shore commander

— The joint logistics over-the-shore (JLOTS) commander is selected by the joint force commander (JFC) and is usually from either the Army or Navy components that are part of the JFC’s task organization. This individual then builds a joint headquarters from personnel and equipment in theater to organize the efforts of all elements participating in accomplishing the JLOTS mission having either wet or dry cargo or both. JLOTS commanders will usually integrate members from each participating organization to balance the overall knowledge base in their headquarters. See also joint logistics over-the-shore operations. (JP 4-01.6)

joint logistics over-the-shore operations —

Operations in which Navy and Army logistics over-the-shore (LOTS) forces conduct LOTS operations together under a joint force commander. Also called JLOTS operations. See also joint logistics; logistics over-the-shore operations.

(JP 4-01.6)

joint manpower program — The document that reflects an activity’s mission, functions, organization, current and projected manpower needs and, when applicable, its required mobilization augmentation. A recommended joint manpower program also identifies and justifies any changes proposed by the commander or director of a joint activity for the next five fiscal years. Also called JMP.

Joint Materiel Priorities and Allocation Board — The agency charged with performing duties for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in matters that establish

materiel priorities or allocate resources. Also called JMPAB. See also materiel. (JP 4-09)

joint meteorological and oceanographic forecast unit — An organization consisting of a jointly supported collective of meteorological and oceanographic personnel and equipment formed to provide meteorological and oceanographic support to the joint force commander. Also called

JMFU. See also meteorological and oceanographic. (JP 3-59)

joint mission-essential task — A mission task selected by a joint force commander deemed essential to mission accomplishment and defined using the common language of the universal joint task list in terms of task, condition, and standard. Also called JMET. See also condition, universal joint task list.

Joint Mobility Control Group — The Joint Mobility Control Group is the focal point for coordinating and optimizing transportation operations. This group is comprised of seven essential elements. The primary elements are United St a t e s Transportation Command’s (USTRANSCOM’s) Mobility Control Center, Joint Operational Support Airlift Center, Global Patient Movement Requirements Center, Tanker Airlift Control Center, Military Sealift Command Command Center, Military Traffic Management Command Command Operations, and the Joint Intelligence Center-USTRANSCOM. Also called

JMCG. See also Global Patient

Movement Requirements Center; United States Transportation Command.

joint mortuary affairs office — Plans and executes all mortuary affairs programs within a theater. Provides guidance to facilitate the conduct of all mortuary