B.Crowell - Conservation Laws, Vol
.2.pdf
Conservation
Laws
Benjamin Crowell
Book 2 in the Light and Matter series of introductory physics textbooks
www.lightandmatter.com
Conservation Laws
The Light and Matter series of introductory physics textbooks:
1Newtonian Physics
2Conservation Laws
3Vibrations and Waves
4Electricity and Magnetism
5Optics
6The Modern Revolution in Physics
Conservation Laws
Benjamin Crowell
www.lightandmatter.com
Light and Matter
Fullerton, California
www.lightandmatter.com
© 1998-2002 by Benjamin Crowell All rights reserved.
Edition 2.1 rev. 2002-07-30
ISBN 0-9704670-2-8
To Uri Haber-Schaim, John Dodge, Robert Gardner, and Edward Shore.
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Brief Contents |
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1 |
Conservation of Energy .............................. |
13 |
2 |
Simplifying the Energy Zoo ........................ |
29 |
3 |
Work: The Transfer of Mechanical Energy 41 |
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4 |
Conservation of Momentum ....................... |
63 |
5 |
Conservation of Angular Momentum ......... |
89 |
Exercises .......................................................... |
115 |
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Solutions to Selected Problems ..................... |
117 |
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Glossary ............................................................ |
119 |
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Index ................................................................. |
121 |
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Useful Data ...................................................... |
132 |
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9
Contents
1 Conservation of Energy
13
1.1 |
The Search for a Perpetual Motion |
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Machine .................................................. |
13 |
1.2 |
Energy ................................................. |
14 |
1.3 |
A Numerical Scale of Energy ............... |
16 |
1.4 |
Kinetic Energy ..................................... |
20 |
1.5 |
Power .................................................. |
23 |
Summary ...................................................... |
25 |
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Homework Problems .................................... |
26 |
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2 |
Simplifying the Energy |
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Zoo |
29 |
2.1 |
Heat is Kinetic Energy ......................... |
30 |
2.2 |
Potential Energy: Energy of Distance or |
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Closeness ............................................... |
32 |
2.3 |
All Energy is Potential or Kinetic .......... |
36 |
Summary ...................................................... |
38 |
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Homework Problems .................................... |
39 |
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3 Work: The Transfer of
Mechanical Energy 41
3.1 |
Work: The Transfer of Mechanical Energy |
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41 |
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3.2 |
Work in Three Dimensions .................. |
47 |
3.3 |
Varying Force ...................................... |
49 |
3.4 ò Applications of Calculus .................... |
51 |
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3.5 |
Work and Potential Energy .................. |
52 |
3.6* When Does Work Equal Force Times |
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Distance? ................................................ |
54 |
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3.7* |
The Dot Product ................................. |
56 |
Summary ...................................................... |
57 |
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Homework Problems .................................... |
58 |
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10