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INDEX

decrease

decrease in/of 237(2e) stress 287(2)

deduction (logical certainty) 95 deep, deeply 207(5)

deer: plural 297

defective verb: see modal verb defining relative clause: see identifying definite article: see the

definitely 214(1)

with emphatic form 51(2a) Note degree adverb 212

delay

+ gerund 121(1) delay in/of 237(2e) verb and noun 287(1)

delexical verbs (empty verbs) 87 delicious with quite 212(5c)

delight: countable/uncountable 144(5e) delighted

+noun clause 262(6a)

+preposition 236(2) Note a

+to-infinitive 123(5)

not with very 212(1a) Note a demand

demandfor 237(1) Note a, 237(2g)

+noun clause 262(1c)

+object 233(4) performative 16(3) verb of reporting 265(2)

+subjunctive 242(2)

with to-infinitive 121(1), 124(1a), 126(4) democracy: countable/uncountable 144(5c) demonstrate + noun clause 262(lc, 1d) demonstratives 175

dentist

possessive: the dentist's 146(6) with the 160(5)

deny

+ gerund 121(1)

negative meaning 17(4) Note a with object 8(2) Note

passive pattern 108(3) performative 16(3) verb of reporting 265(2)

denying 29(1) Note a depend

without be 84(5) Note b depend on 233(2), 262(5) Note depend on + gerund 132(2) state verb 62(1, 5)

dependent clause: see sub clause dependent on 236(4)

+gerund 132(4) depressing 203

+to-infinitive 123(1) derivation 282 describing

a/an 161(1) adjectives 197

deserve

+gerund 113(1) state verb 62(1,5)

+to-infinitive 121(3h) desirable+ subjunctive 242(1)

desire

desire for 237 (2g)

+object 233(4) state verb 62(l,5)

+to-infinitive 124(1a) despise: state verb 62(1, 5) despite 246(4)

+gerund 132(8a)

deter...from 132(3), 234(2) determination + to-infinitive 124(1a) determined

+noun clause 262(6a) quite determined 212(5c)

+to-infinitive 123(5) determiner 143(2a)

+countable/uncountable noun 144(2) demonstrative 175

+gerund 133

+name 170(2)

possessive 174

+ quantifier 143(3c)

after quantifier 178(lb, 1c) detest

+ gerund 121(1) state verb 62(1)

develop with/without object 8(3) did 88(2)

emphasis 51(2) in question 65(1)

did not/didn't 55(2b), 65(1) didn't need to 92(3c)

die

die down 232(2) dying 294(2) Note

be dyingfor/to 121(1) Note c difference between 237(2c) different

+preposition 221(1) Note, 236(4), 306(5)

+preposition + gerund 132(4)

quite different 212(5c)

difficultwith to-infinitive 123(1), 126(2) difficulty

with gerund 131(2b), 132(7)

+ preposition 237(2k), 262(5) Note direct and directly 207(4)

direct object 8(2), 10(1) direct speech 264(1)

punctuation 56(4) dirty: comparison 218(2b)

disabled: the disabled 204(1b) disadvantage with to-infinitive 126(4) disadvantaged: the disadvantaged 204(1b) disagree

performative 16(3)

disagree with + gerund 132(2) disagreeing: short answer 29(2f) disappointed/ing 203 disapprove of + gerund 132(2) disaster with to-infinitive 126(4) discount: stress 287(2) discourage.. .from 132(2), 234(2) discover

discover how to 125(2)

+noun clause 262(1c) passive patterns 109

+object + to-infinitive 122(2c)

 

INDEX

discuss

dread

with object 8(2) Note

+ gerund/to-infinitive 121(3c)

discuss what to do 125(2)

+ object + gerund 131(5)

discussion + preposition 237(1) Note b,

dreadful

262(5) Note

quite dreadful 212(5c)

disgusted/ing with quite 2l2(5c)

+ to-infinitive 123(1)

disjunct 214-216

not with very 212(1a) Note a

dislike

dream

countable noun 144(5e)

irregular verb 300, 303(11)

+ gerund 121(1)

+ noun clause 262(1c)

+ object + gerund 131(5)

dress

state verb 62(1)

countable/uncountable noun 144(5c)

dispose of 233(2)

get dressed 107(2)

distributives 178

non-reflexive verb 186(2e)

dive: irregular in US 303(11)

drily 294(l) Note b

divide

drink

divide... into 234(2)

drink up 232(2)

with/without object 8(3)

verb and noun 87(2), 287(1)

divorce: get divorced 107(2)

drive

do

clause patterns 8(2, 3), 11(1)

do... about 234(2)

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2b)

auxiliary verb 51(2), 64(1), 83

verb and noun 287(1)

do away with 235(2)

drop of 144(3b)

emphasis 51(2)

drop in on 235(2)

emphatic imperative 19(1), 303(1)

drunk: get drunk 107(3)

with gerund 138(2)

drunken 301

do let's 19(6a), 303(3)

dry

and make 89

adjective and verb 287(4)

ordinary verb 88

with/without object 8(3)

replacing verb 38(2c), 303(2)

not reflexive 186(2e) Note b

do the same 43(5b)

dryly 294(1) Note b

do so/it/that 43(2)

due to

do the shopping 138(2)

future 78(1c)

weak form 55(1b)

+ passive 113(2b) Note

do without 233(2)

reason 251(3)

doctor with the 160(5)

duly 292(4) Note

does 88(2), 300 Note c

dummy subject: see empty subject

see also do

during 227(4)

doesn't/does not 55(2b), 64(1)

dusk with/without the 169(6) Note

dominoes 154(2)

duty: see obligation

don't/do not55(2b), 64(1)

dying

don't have to 92(3a)

dyingfor/of 233(2) Note e

don't let's 19(6a), 303(3)

be dyingfor/to 121(1) Note c

don't think 262(1b)

spelling 294(2) Note

don't you think (tag) 34(1) Note e

dynamic verb: see action verb

double 194(2)

 

double negative 17(5)

each 178(5), 181(2)

doubling of consonants 293

agreement 153(3), 157

US 308(4, 5)

each ...the other 186(4c)

doubt

each other 186(4)

countable/uncountable noun 144(5e)

eager

+ noun clause 262(1c)

comparison 218(4b)

verb of reporting 265(2)

eagerfor236(2)

state verb 62(1)

+ noun clause 262(6a)

verb and noun 287(1)

+ subjunctive 242(1)

dove (past of dive) 303(1)

with to-infinitive 123(5), 126(2)

down

eagerness + to-infinitive 124(1a)

in phrasal verb 232(lc, 2)

earlier

preposition 225(1)

adverb 219(1)

dozen 191(1) Note i

indirect speech 267(2)

draughts 154(2)

with past simple 65(3a)

draw

early: adjective and adverb 207(3)

with/without object 8(2)

earnings 154(1a)

draw up 232(3)

earth: on earth for emphasis 26(6c)

drawing: countable/uncountable 144(5d)

 

INDEX

PAGE 416

easily + superlative 212(3)

endings 6(1)

easy

summary 289

comparison 218(4b)

enemy: group noun 156(4)

with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(2)

engaged

eat

getengaged107(2)

and have a meal 87(2)

engaged to236(4)

with/without object 8(2)

enjoy

eat up 232(2)

action verb 62(4) Note b

echo question 35(1)

with gerund 121(1), 131(5)

echo tag 35(2)

enough

echoes290(2)

adverb 212(1b)

economics 154(2)

far/long enough 210(4b)

ed-adjectives 203

quantifier 180(1)

ed-form: see past form

with to-infinitive 123(4), 126(3)

ed-participle: see past participle,

enquire 265(2), 269(1)

passive participle

enter

education: countable/uncountable

with/without object 8(2), 233(4)

144(4b) Note b

thereentered50(4)

effect

enthusiastic about 236(2)

effect of + gerund 132(7)

entirely212(1a)

effect on 237(2d), 262(5) Note

envious of 236(2)

effort with to-infinitive 124(1b)

envy: state verb 62(1)

either

equipment: uncountable 144(4b)

in short additions 43(1a)

er ending for people 285(3a)

adverb 43(1a), 244(1)

escape + gerund 121(1)

agreement 153(5)

especially 213(1)

and any 179 (4b)

ess female ending 285(3e)

either... or 245(1)

essential

quantifier 178(4)

+ subjunctive 242(1)

elder, eldest 218(5b)

with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(2)

position 200(1)

not with very 212(1a) Note a

elderly: the elderly204(1b)

establish: passive pattern 109(1)

elect: clause pattern 11(1)

establishment with the 160(5)

ellipsis: see leaving out words

estimate

else

+nounclause262 (1c)

or else 245(1) Note b

passive patterns 109

after question word 26(6b)

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2c)

after someone etc 189(4)

even 213(l,2)

embarrassing + to-infinitive 123(1)

even if 259(8)

emerge: thereemerged50(4)

even so 246(2)

emphasis 51

even though 246(3)

overview 51(5)

ever 211(i) Note c

ever211(1) Note c

with present perfect/past 65(5b), 303(6)

imperative 19(1)

after superlative 221(7)

negative 17(6)

whoever etc 26(6c), 254,281

repeating words 37(2)

every 178(5)

emphatic pronouns 186(1, 3)

agreement 153(3), 157

emphatic stress 51(1)

and all, whole 178(3) Note a

on the 159(2) Note b, 170(2) Note a

almostevery212(8d)

emphatic verb 51 (2)

and each 178(5)

empty

every bit as 221(8)

adjective and verb 287(4)

every day211(3), 227(2)

comparison 218(4b)

+ noun 181(2)

quite empty 212(5c)

every one and everyone 189(1a) Note a

empty object 50(5b), 122(2d) Note c

every time (conjunction) 250(4b)

empty subject

everybody 189(1a)

it 50(5), 109, 118(1), 131(1, 2), 262(4)

agreement 189(5)

and passive 104(4)

everyone 189(1a)

there 50(1-4), 131(2)

agreement 189(5)

empty verb 87

everyplace 305(3)

enable + object + to-infinitive 122(2b)

everything 189(1b)

encourage + object + to-infinitive 122(2a)

everywhere 189(1c)

end: with/without object 8(3)

conjunction 253(1)

end of 147(5f) Note b

evidence: uncountable 144(4b)

end position 208(5)

exact: comparison 218(4b)

 

example of 237(1)

PAGE 417

INDEX

exceed: comparative meaning 221(1) Note

fall down on 235(1)

except

fall for 233 (2)

+ bare infinitive 127(4a)

verb and noun 287(1)

preposition 228(7), 306(2)

false

except (that) 253(5)

quite false 212(5c)

exchange... for 234(2)

not with very212(1a) Note a

excited 203

family: group noun 156(4)

get excited 107(3)

famous

excited about/at 132(4), 236(2)

comparison 218(4b)

excitement about/at + gerund 137(2)

famous for 132(4), 236(4)

exciting 203

fancy + gerund 121(1)

+ to-infinitive 123(1)

far 210(4)

exclamation 20

as far as 227(6a) Note d

indirect 262(6b)

comparison 218(2b), 219(2)

exclamation mark 56(1)

far from 17(6b)

excuse

far too 212(1a) Note i, 212(8) Note

excuse. ..for/from 132(3), 234(2) Note

farther, farthest 218(2b), 219(2)

with gerund 121(1), 131(5), 132(3)

and further, furthest 218(5a)

exhausted/ing with quite212(5c)

fascinated/ing 203

exist

with quite 212(5c)

not passive 104(6b)

not with very212(la.) Note a

state verb 62(1)

fashion 207(2)

there exists 50(4)

fast: adjective and adverb 207(3)

expect

favourite 221(1) Note

action/state 62(3)

fear (noun)

+ noun clause 262(lb, lc)

countable 144(5e)

+ object 233(4)

fear of + gerund 132(7)

passive patterns 109

fear (verb)

verb of reporting 265(2)

+ noun clause 262(1)

expect so 43(3)

passive pattern 109(1)

with to-infinitive 121(1), 122(2c)

fed up with 236(2)

+ will 74(1), 77(3)

+ gerund 132(4)

expensive with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(2)

feeble: comparison 218(4b)

expense in/of + gerund 132(7)

feel

experience

simple/continuous 62(6)

countable/uncountable 144(5c)

felt/could feel 62(7)

+ gerund 131(2a)

feel it happen/happening 140(1)

experience in/of 237(2j)

feel like 132(2), 233(2)

verb and noun 287(1)

linking verb 9(1)

expert + preposition 237(2j), 262(5) Note

+ noun clause 262(1c)

explain

passive patterns 109

and give an explanation 87(2)

not reflexive 186 (2e)

+ noun clause 262(lc, 1d)

verb of reporting 265(2)

passive pattern 109(1)

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2c)

explain what to do 125(2)

feel up to 235(2)

export: stress 287(2)

feelings

extra adverbials 12

be 84(5)

extraordinary with quite 212(5c)

simple tense 64(2b), 66(2c)

extremely212 (1a)

feet 296(1)

face

female endings 285 (3e)

fetch with for 10(5)

+ gerund 121(1)

few 177(2, 3)

face up to 132(6), 235(2)

and a few 177(2)

fact+ clause 262(7)

negative word 17(4)

fail

very/so/toofew 212(8a)

negative meaning 17(4) Note a

fewer, fewest 220

with/without object 8(2)

fill out 232(2)

+ to-infinitive 121(1)

find

failure + to-infinitive 124(1a)

clause pattern 10(5), 11(1)

fairly 212(1a), 212(5c) Note a

+ noun clause 262(1c)

and fair 207 (4)

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2c)

fall

find out 232(lb, 2)

with adverb 232(1c)

find out how to 125(2)

+ complement 9(1)

passive patterns 108(3), 109, 110(2)

fall back on 235(2)

fine: position of adjective 200(2), 305(1)

INDEX

 

fine (verb): fine. ..for 234(2)

formulae/formulas 298 (4)

finish

fortunate + to-infinitive 123(5)

 

+ gerund 121(1)

fraction 193(1)

 

with/without object 8(3)

adverb of degree 212(1a)

finite clause 239(3a)

agreement 153(2) Note c

finite verb 59

free

firm: group noun 156(4)

comparison 218(4a)

first

and freely 207(5)

 

andfirstly 207(4) Note c, 216(4)

freeze with/without object 8(3)

 

ordinal number 192

frequency adverb: see adverb of frequency

fit

(adjective): fit for 236(4)

frequent: comparison 218(4b)

fit

(verb)

 

 

action/state 62(3)

friendly 207(2)

fit in with 235(2)

frightened of 236(2)

 

irregular in US 303(11)

from

 

passive 104(6b)

place 225(1, 3b)

fix up232(1b)

from ... point of view213(3)

fly

with/without object 8(3)

time 227(7)

focus adverbials 213(1, 2)

weak form 55(1b)

follow: therefollows 50(4)

front position 208(3)

following

for emphasis 49, 231(6)

 

in indirect speech 267(2)

fruit: uncountable 144(4b)

 

in phrase of time 169(8), 227(2b)

full of 236(4)

fond of 236(1)

full stop 56(1)

 

+ gerund 132(4)

fully 293(4)

foolish

fun

 

comparison 218(4b)

+ gerund 131(2)

 

with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(5)

uncountable 144(4b)

foot, feet 296(1), 297 Note

funny: comparison 218(4b)

for

furious + preposition 236(2) Note b

 

after adjective 236

furniture: uncountable 144(4a)

 

= because 251(1) Note e

further, furthest 218(2b), 219(2)

for example 216(2)

and farther, farthest 218(5a)

 

+ gerund 132(8a), 252(3)

further(more) 244(2)

 

= in favour of 228(1)

future 70

for doing and to do 132(5)

overview 81

 

leave/make for 233(4) Note b

future continuous 75

 

needfor 237(2g)

future perfect 79

 

with present perfect/past 65(5d)

future perfect continuous 79 Note c

 

purpose 126(6), 252(3)

future progressive 79

for the sake of 228(1)

 

 

and since 227(5)

gang: group noun 156(4)

 

and to 10(5)

garage (verb) 287(3)

 

with to-infinitive 126

gaze up at 235(1)

 

weak form 55(1b)

gender 6(1)

forbid

ess ending 285(3e)

 

performative 16(3)

he/she/it184(3b)

 

verb of reporting 265(2)

generalizations

 

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2b)

all, most 178(2a)

force

articles 162, 164(2), 165

 

and make 127(3a)

overview of articles 166

 

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2b)

the+ adjective 204

forecast

generally211(1, 2)

 

+ noun clause 262(1c)

generous with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(5)

 

verb of reporting 265 (2)

genitive: see possessive form of nouns

foreign plurals 298(2-5)

gentle: comparison 218(4b)

forget

geographical names and the 171

 

clause pattern 11(2) Note a

gerund

 

+ object + gerund 131(5)

summary 128

 

+ noun clause 262 (1c)

after do 138(2)

 

+ to-infinitive/gerund 121 (3a)

after need etc 113(1)

forget what to do 125(2)

+ noun 283(2)

forgive: performative 16(3)

noun + gerund 283(3)

formal: comparison 218(4b)

passive 112, 114(3)

formation of words 282

 

former: position 200(1)

 

PAGE 419

INDEX

after phrasal/prepositional verb

goose, geese296(1)

231(4a) Note b

gossip: uncountable noun 144(4b)

spelling 129(2) Note a

got

and to-infinitive after verb 121

have got 85

gerund clause 130, 131(1, 3)

have got to 92(2)

get

gotten 303(5d)

+ adjective 107(3)

government: group noun 156(4)

get away with 235(2)

gradable adjectives with quite 212(5c)

get back 232(2)

grain o/144(3b)

get by 232(2)

grant

clause patterns 9(1), 10(5), 11

passive pattern 108(3)

get it done 111 (2)

with to 10(5)

getyou doing it 140(2)

grateful

linking verb 9(1), 107(3)

gratefulfor + gerund 132(4, 5a)

get on with 132(2), 235(2)

gratefulfor/to 236(2) Note f

get over232(2)

+ to-infinitive 123(5), 132(5a)

forming passive 107(1), 112(1) Note

gratitudefor + gerund 132(7)

get round to 235(2)

great

gerto233(l)Note a

a great deal of 177 (4a)

+ to-infinitive 121(1)

+ to-infinitive 123(1)

get up 186(2d), 232(3)

groan: verb of reporting 265(2)

getyou to do it 111(1), 122(2b) Note c

group noun 156

get washed 107(2)

US 304(1)

give 10

grow

passive pattern 108

linking verb 9(1)

give out 232(2)

+ to-infinitive 120(2)

give up 121(1), 232(1a)

growl: verb of reporting 265(2)

give way to 234(4)

grumble: verb of reporting 265(2)

glad

guarantee

+ noun clause 262 (6a)

+ noun clause 262(1c)

position 200(2)

performative 16(3)

+ to-infinitive 123(5)

verb of reporting 265 (2)

glass: countable/uncountable 144(5c)

+ to-infinitive 121(1)

glasses 155(4)

guess

glue (verb) 287(3)

have/make a guess 87(2)

go

+ noun clause 262(1c)

go along with 235(2)

guessso/not43(3)

go and... 119(1) Note

guilty of 236(4)

go away 232(1b)

+ gerund 132(4)

go back on 235(2)

gun (verb) 287(3)

with be going to 72(2) Note b

gymnastics 154(2)

go down with 235(2)

h after a/an 159(2) Note a

go for a walk 87

go infor235(2)

habits

and journey 87(2)

simple tenses 64(2c), 65(3b)

linking verb 9

will, would, used to 100

go on 232(2)

had85(2)

go on + gerund/to-infinitive 121(3g)

inversion 258(3)

go on with 235(2)

short form 55 (2b)

go over 232(2)

weak form 55(1b)

go shopping 138(2)

had better 93(2)

go with 233(2)

in indirect speech 268 (3c)

go without 233(2)

had have done 257(6a) Note

going to: see be going to

had to 92(1c, 2b)

gone and been 84(6), 303(7)

certainty 95(5)

good

indirect speech 268(3d), 270(1c)

good at 132(4), 236(3)

and must have done 95(3)

comparison 218(4b)

hair: countable/uncountable 144(5c)

no good + gerund 131 (2a)

half 193(1a)

good of you 126(5)

adverb 212(1a)

+ preposition 236(3)

half (of) 178(2b)

with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(5)

one and a half 193(1c)

and well 207(7)

halfpast 195(1)

good wishes: imperative 19(3), 19(4b)

halves296(2)

goods154(1a)

hammer (verb) 287(3)

INDEX

hand

passive pattern 108(3} hand out 232(2)

with to 10(5} handful 177 (4b)

handicapped: the handicapped 204(1b) handsome: comparison 218(4b)

hang

hang on 232(2) with/without object 8(3)

hanging participle 136(2) Note happen

in if-clause 258(1) Note

it happened + clause 50(5c) there happened to 50(4) Note happen to 233(2)

+to-infinitive 50(4) Note, 120(2),

258(1) Note

happy

comparison 218(4b)

+noun clause 262 (6a)

+preposition 236(2) Note a

+preposition + gerund 132(4), 135(5b) Note d

+to-infinitive 123(5), 135(5b) Note d hard

and hardly 207(5)

+to-infinitive 123(1)

harden with/without object 8(3) hardly 207(5), 212(7a)

hardly any 212(8e) negative word 17(4) hardly... when 250(5)

harm: uncountable 144(4b) harmful to 236(4)

has 85(2a)

short form 55 (2b) weak form 55(1b)

hasten + to-infinitive 121(1) hate

+gerund/to-infinitive 121(2) Note a

+object + gerund 131(5)

state verb 62(1)

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2d) have

action/state 62(3) auxiliary verb 83 haveyou do it 111 (1) have it done 111 (2) empty verb 87

have it happen to you 111 (3)

have it happening to you 140(2) Note c have you doing it 140(2)

have on 232(2) ordinary verb 86 not passive 104(6b) possession 85 short form 55(2b)

US 303(5)

weak form 55(1b) have got 85

US 303(5) have got to 92(2)

see also have to

have to

certainty 95(1) Note a

have to do if and have it to do

124(2) Note b and must 92(1) passive 106(1)

US 303(5c) he 184(1), 184(3)

+ relative clause 272(2) Note with short form 55(2b) weak form 55(1b)

he/she 184(5) Note b headlines

words left out 45(2), 76(1) Note present simple 64(2e) Note c

headquarters 154(3) health: uncountable 144(4b) heaps of 177(4a)

hear

could hear 62(7)

hear you do/doing 140(1)

+noun clause 262(1c) with/without object 8(2)

+preposition 233(3b) verb of reporting 265(2)

heavy: comparison 218(4b) help

can't help with gerund 121(1), 131(5)

+ infinitive 121(1) Note e, 122(2b) Note e with/without object 8(2)

uncountable noun 144(4b) verb and noun 287(1)

helpful

comparison 218(4b)

with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(5) helping verb: see auxiliary verb helpless: comparison 218(4b) her

personal pronoun 184(1, 3) possessive 174(3)

weak form 55(1b) here44(5), 175(4a)

front position 49(3b) here's55(2b)

heroes290(2) hers 174(3) herself186

hesitate + to-infinitive 121(1) high, highly207(5)

him 184(1)

weak form 55(1b) himself 186

his 173(4)

weak form 55(1b)

hit: verb and noun 287(1) hold

clause pattern 11(1) hold on 232(2) hold on to 235(1) hold up232 (1b)

home without article 168(4) homeless: the homeless 204(1b) homework: uncountable 144(4b) honest with to-infinitive 126(5)

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INDEX

hope (noun)

ideal: not with very 212(1a) Note a

countable/uncountable 144(5e)

identifying relative clause 272(3a, 5)

hope for/of 237(2g) Note

pronouns 273

hope (verb)

idioms

continuous 63(4)

adjective after noun 201 (2) Note c

hopefor233(2)

the+ adjective 204(2b)

+ noun clause 262(1c)

without article 167(3, 7)

passive pattern 109(1)

with as... as 221 (3a) Note a

+ present/future 77(3) Note

uses of be 84(5)

hope so/not 43(3)

verb + complement 9(1)

+ to-infinitive 121(1)

do and make 89

hopeful: comparison 218(4b)

with get 107(2)

hopeless at 236(3)

participle clause 139(7)

horrible

phrasal verb 232

quite horrible 212(5c)

with possessive 174(7)

+ to-infinitive 123(1)

prepositional phrase 229

not with very 2l2(1a) Note a

prepositional verb 233-235

horrified

prepositions in US 306(4)

+ noun clause 262(6a)

if: see also conditional clause

+ to-infinitive 123(5)

+ adjective 199(5c)

hospital with/without article 168(4), 304(4)

if ever 211(l)Notec

hotel: pronunciation 159(2) Note a

ifI were you 242(3)

hourly 207(6)

and in case 259(7)

houses: pronunciation 296(4)

in noun clause 33, 261(1), 262(3) Note

housework: uncountable 144(4b)

ifonly 241 (2d)

housing: uncountable 144(4b)

+participle 139(3)

hovercraft: plural 297

+ present 77, 257(2, 3)

how

in reported question 269(1b)

how about 28(2), 132(8a)

if so/not 43 (3e)

how come 28(3) Note

and when 259(1)

conjunction 253(2)

if-clause 255

in exclamation 20(1)

see also conditional clause

and what... like 26(4) Note

ill

how long and since when 25(3) Note b

comparison 218(2b) Note a

how many/much 28(3), 177(1)

position 200(2), 305(1)

in question phrase 28(3)

imagine

question word 26(4), 27

action/state 62(3)

how's 55(2b)

+ gerund 121(1)

however

+ object + gerund 131(5)

= but 246(2)

+ noun clause 262 (lb, lc)

= no matter how 254(1)

+ past241(3)

in emphatic question 26(6c)

verb of reporting 265 (2)

hundred 191(1), 304(7)

imagine so 43(3)

hundreds of 191(3)

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2c)

hungry

immediately

comparison 218(4b)

conjunction 250(5), 307(3)

the hungry 204(1b)

indirect speech 267(2)

hurry: not reflexive 186(2d)

impatient

hurt

+ noun clause 262(6a)

with/without object 8(3)

+ to-infinitive 123(5)

simple/continuous 62(6)

imperative 19

hyphen 56(5)

with be 84(3) Note

hypotheses 298(5)

in conditionals 257(3b)

 

leaving out 42(4)

I 184(1)

impersonal expressions

leaving out 42(1), 45(4)

it: see empty subject

with short form 55 (2b)

you, one, they 185

i and y: spelling 294

imply + noun clause 262(lc, 1d)

ice: countable/uncountable 144(5c)

import: stress 287(2)

idea

important

+ noun clause 262(7)

+subjunctive 242(1)

idea of+ gerund 132(7)

with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(2)

with to-infinitive 126(4)

impossibility: can't 97(2f)

idea what to do 125(2)

 

INDEX

impossible

quite impossible 212(5c)

+ to-infinitive 123(1), 123(2) Note not with very212(1a) Note a

impressed by/with 236(2) improve with/without object 8(3) in

and at, on 226(1), 227(1) be in 232(4)

in a... fashion/manner/way 207(2)

+ gerund 132(8a) Note b place 225(1, 2c)

time 227(1, 3), 227(5b) Note c with transport 228(5b)

in addition (to) 132(6, 8a), 244(2,3) in/at the end 229(2b)

incase 259(2)

in case of 259(4) Note c

US 307(2)

in charge of 228(1) in conclusion 216(2) in consequence 247(2) in favour of 228(1)

+ gerund 132(8a)

infront of 225(1), 226(7) in/on the way 229(2c)

in order

in order that 252(2) in order to 252(1) in other words 216(2) in pen 228(5a) Note b

in so far as 253(4)

in spite of 132(8a), 246(2) in that 253(4)

in that case 259(4) Note b in time 229(2a)

in view of 228(4), 251(3) inclusive 306(3)

incomplete sentences: see leaving out words

increase

increase in/of 237(2e) with/without object 8(3) stress 287(2)

incredible

quite incredible 212(5c) + to-infinitive 123(1)

not with very 212(1a) Note a indeed 51 (2a) Note

with very 212(1a) Note b indefinite article: see a/an indefinite pronoun 189

indicate + noun clause 262(lc, 1d) indirect object 10

in the passive 108

before tell, inform etc 262(1d), 266 before to-infinitive 122(2a)

indirect question 33, 269 indirect speech 263 indoor: position 200(1) inferior to 236(4) infinitive

summary 115

and gerund after verb 121

see also to-infinitive, bare infinitive

infinitive clause 117 infinitive relative clause 277 inflections: see endings influence

+ object 233(4)

influence on/over237(2d), 262(5) Note inform

with about/of 234(5a) with about + gerund 132(3) + indirect object 265(3) performative 16(3)

verb of reporting 265(2) information 46

and intonation 54(2a) passive 104(2)

information: uncountable 144(4a) ing-form 58

adjective 203 spelling 64(1) Note a

with subject there 50(2h) see also gerund, participle

injured: the injured 204(1b) Note a inner: position 200(1)

inquire

+ noun clause 262(5) Note verb of reporting 265(2), 269(1)

inquiry + noun clause 262(5) Note inside

place 225(1)

time 227(3) Note b insist

+noun clause 262(1c) insist on 233(2)

insist on + gerund 132(2), 270(2e) performative 16(3)

verb of reporting 265(2), 270(2a, 2g), 270(2e)

+subjunctive 242(1)

insistence on + gerund 132(7) instead of 228(1)

+ gerund 132(8a)

negative meaning 17(3) Note a institution without the 168, 304(4)

names 171(8-10) instruct

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2a) verb of reporting 265(2)

instructions

conjunction + participle 139(3) imperative 19(3)

reported 125(2) Note word left out 45(3)

insult: stress 287(2) insure... against 234(2)

intelligent with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(5) intend 78(3)

+finite clause 122(2b) Note a

+gerund/to-infinitive 121(2) passive 104(6b), 109

state verb 62(1)

+object + to-infinitive 122(2b) intensifier: see adverb of degree intention 78(3)

be going to 72(2), 74(2)

-past 80(1)

PAGE 423

INDEX

intention + to -infinitive 124(1a)

replacing demonstrative 175 (4b) Note,

interest

184(3b) Note d, 267(2) Note

echo tag 35(2)

do it/so/that 43(2)

intonation 54(2c)

empty object 50(5b), 122(2d) Note c

interest

empty subject 50(5), 109(1,3), 118(1),

interest in 237(1) Note a

131(1, 2), 262(4)

interest in + gerund 132(7)

leaving out 42(1)

verb and noun 287(1)

and one 188(4)

interested 203

passive pattern 109(1,3)

get interested 107(3)

with short form 55(2b)

interested in 236(2)

and there 50(6)

interested in + gerund 132(4),

item of 144(4a)

132(5b) Note c

its 174(3)

interested in + noun clause 262(5) Note

and it's 174(3) Note d

+ to-infinitive 123(5), 132(5b) Note c

it's 55(2b) Note a

interesting 203

itself 186

+ to-infinitive 123(1)

 

interfere with 233(2)

 

interrogative: see question

 

interrogative pronoun: see question word

jealous of 236(2)

interview + preposition 237(2i)

jeans: pair noun 155(4)

into 225(1), 225(3b), 228(5b) Note

jewellery: uncountable 144(4b)

and in 225 (2c)

job with a/an 161(2)

intonation 54(2)

job of + gerund 132(7)

echo question/tag 35

jog: have a jog 87 (2)

question without inversion 32

join with/without object 8(3)

question with or 31(1)

journey and travel 87 (2)

question tag 34(3)

judge + object + to-infinitive 122 (2c)

intransitive verb 8

judgement: spelling 292(4) Note

not passive 104(6a)

jury: group noun 156(4)

introductory it: see empty subject it

just

inversion

just about to/going to 78(1a) Note

overview 49(4)

just about+ superlative 212(3)

phrasal verb 231 (6)

just as + adjective 221(8)

question without inversion 32

just as (conjunction) 250(4d)

after question word 25(1)

degree 212(7a)

after should, were, had 258(3)

= only 213(2a) Note b

inverted commas 56(4)

time 65(5a), 210(1c), 303(6)

invest ..in 234(2)

justify with gerund 121(1), 131(5)

invitations

 

answering 29(3)

 

imperative 19(3), 19 (4b)

keen

won't 71(6)

invite

comparison 218(4a)

invite back 232(2)

keen on 236(2)

verb of reporting 265(2), 270(2c)

keen on + gerund 132(4), 132(5b) Note c

invite... to 234(1)

with to-infinitive 123(5), 126(2),

+ object + to-infinitive 122(2a)

132(5b) Note c

involve with gerund 121(1), 131(5)

keep

involved

clause pattern 10(5), 11

involved in 236(4)

keep on 232(2)

position 201(2)

keep (on) + gerund 121(1)

iron

keep up 232 (1b)

countable/uncountable noun 144(5c)

keep up with 235(2)

iron out 232(2)

was kept waiting 110(2)

irregular forms

kept you waiting 140(2)

comparison 218(2b, 5), 219(2)

key to 237(2f)

noun plurals 295

kind

verbs 299

kind to 236(3)

is 84(2), 151(1)

with to-infinitive 123(1), 126(5)

short form 55(2)

kind of 53(1c), 144(3e)

weak form 55(1b)

what kind of 28(1), 144(3e)

it 184(1, 3)

what kind of and what... like

overview 184(4)

198(1) Note a

+ be for emphasis 51(3)

kingdom in names 171(1)

replacing clause 44(4)

knife, knives 296(2)

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