Порядок слов английского простого распространенного повествовательного предложения
Повелительные предложения
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Лицо |
Утвердительная форма |
Отрицательная форма |
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1-е |
Let me (us) turn on the light. Позволь (те) мне зажечь свет. Давайте зажжем свет. |
Don't let me (us) turn on the light. Давайте не будем зажигать свет. |
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2-е |
Turn off the light. Выключите свет. Becareful. Будь(те) осторожны. Consider fig. l. Рассмотрим рис.1. |
Don't turn off the light. He выключайте свет. Don't be careless. He будьте небрежны. |
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3-е |
Let him(her, them) define the area ofthissurface. Пусть он (она, они) определит площадь этой поверхности. Let the pressure fall. Пусть давление (оно) падает. |
Don't let him (her, them) define the area of this surface. Пусть он (она, они) не определяет площадь этой поверхности. Don't let the pressure (it) fall. Heдавай(те) давлению (ему) падать. |
Вопросительные предложения
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Are you coming with us? |
Ты идешь с нами? |
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No, I’m not. |
Нет. |
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Did they give a discount? |
Они дали скидку? |
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Yes, they did. |
Да. |
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Can you write in Java? |
Ты можешь писать на языке Java? |
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No, I can’t. |
Нет. |
Сложноподчиненные предложения
Схематически структуру сложноподчиненного предложения можно представить следующим образом:
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Main clause + |
Subject Clause | ||
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Predicative Clause | |||
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Object Clause | |||
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Attributive/Relative Clause | |||
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Adverbial Clause | |||
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Kind of clause Тип придаточного предложения |
Usual conjunctions Обычные союзы |
Examples Примеры | |
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Subject Clause |
Who, which, what, where, when, how, why, etc. |
What is done cannot be undone. | |
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Predicative Clause |
That, if, whether, as if, etc. |
The truth was that he didn't love her. | |
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Object Clause |
who, which, what, that, etc. |
I don't know what happened yesterday. | |
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Attributive/Relative Clause |
Who, whose, which, that, where, when, etc. |
He is the customer whose address I lost. | |
Существуют различные типы придаточных обстоятельственных предложений:
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Kind of an Adverbial Clause Тип придаточного предложения |
Usual conjunctions Обычные союзы |
Examples Примеры |
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Time Clause |
when, before, after, since, while, as soon as, once |
When he had gone, she sighed. I'll call you as soon as you come home. |
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Conditional Clause |
if, unless |
What will I do if he doesn’t come? I'll go to the country unless it rains. |
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Purpose Clause |
in order to, so that |
The police locked the door so (that) no one could get in. |
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Reason Clause |
because, since, as |
Since it was Sunday, he stayed in bed. |
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Result Clause |
so that |
She got such a shock that she fainted. |
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Concession Clause |
(al)though, in spite of the fact, while |
Though he is French, he speaks English well. |
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Place Clause |
where, wherever |
He said he was happy where he was. |