В результате анализа предложение делится на ряд групп, и все слова в группах обозначены номерами и сокращениями л.о. или п.о. Если предположить, что при первом прочтении предложения узнаются только служебные слова, окончания слов, а все знаменательные слова неизвестны, то любое предложение можно изобразить в виде последовательности неизвестных элементов /обозначим их X /, связанных элементами, обобщенное значение которых приблизительно известно.
л.о. |
O |
I |
II |
IV |
During |the Xing | X |
| the Xs| are Xed |by Xing to X. |
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В приведенной ниже таблице структурная схема простого распространенного повествовательного предложения дана с указанием наиболее частотных сигналов начала и окончания отдельных групп / членов / предложения.
Структурная схема простого предложения.
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O |
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I |
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II |
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III' |
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III |
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IV |
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Где? |
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Что делает? |
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Где? |
Когда? |
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Что делается с..? |
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Каким образом? |
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Когда? |
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Кто? |
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Что нужно сделать? |
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Кому? |
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Кого? Что? |
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Для чего? |
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Как? |
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Что? |
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Что можно сделать? |
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Чему? |
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С кем? |
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Для чего? Почему? |
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Каким является? |
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О ком? |
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При каком условии |
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Чем является? |
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При каком условии? |
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after |
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a (an) |
X |
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is |
X |
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up |
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a (n) |
X |
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a(n) |
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in |
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X |
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before |
Xs |
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the |
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are |
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out |
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the |
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the |
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Xs |
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on |
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in |
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these |
Xs |
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was |
Xs |
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off |
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this |
Xs |
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this |
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for |
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Xs |
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for |
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this |
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were |
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in |
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that |
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that |
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with |
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with |
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that |
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has |
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on |
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these |
--- |
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these |
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without |
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during |
Xed |
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those |
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have |
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away |
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those |
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those |
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---- |
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to |
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to |
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some |
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do |
Xed |
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some |
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some |
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about |
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Xed |
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in spite of |
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every |
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does |
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every |
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every |
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toX |
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in order to |
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in order to |
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each |
toX |
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did |
toX |
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--- |
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when |
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to |
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when |
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any |
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shall |
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while |
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while |
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no |
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will |
a(n)X |
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as |
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if |
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many |
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should |
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if |
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as |
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much |
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would |
X-ize |
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once |
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on (upon) |
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few |
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can |
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little |
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may |
X-fy |
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both |
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became |
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another |
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other |
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gave |
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their |
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its |
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his |
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several |
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two |
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three… |
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