- •Table of Contents
- •Chapter 1. Introduction
- •Using Commands
- •Batch Program Use
- •How to Use this Manual
- •Chapter 2. Object and Command Basics
- •Object Declaration
- •Object Commands
- •Object Assignment
- •More on Object Declaration
- •Auxiliary Commands
- •Managing Workfiles and Databases
- •Managing Objects
- •Basic Command Summary
- •Chapter 3. Matrix Language
- •Declaring Matrices
- •Assigning Matrix Values
- •Copying Data Between Objects
- •Matrix Expressions
- •Matrix Commands and Functions
- •Matrix Views and Procs
- •Matrix Operations versus Loop Operations
- •Summary of Automatic Resizing of Matrix Objects
- •Matrix Function and Command Summary
- •Chapter 4. Working with Tables
- •Creating a Table
- •Assigning Table Values
- •Customizing Tables
- •Labeling Tables
- •Printing Tables
- •Exporting Tables to Files
- •Customizing Spreadsheet Views
- •Table Summary
- •Chapter 5. Working with Graphs
- •Creating a Graph
- •Changing Graph Types
- •Customizing a Graph
- •Labeling Graphs
- •Printing Graphs
- •Exporting Graphs to Files
- •Graph Summary
- •Chapter 6. EViews Programming
- •Program Basics
- •Simple Programs
- •Program Variables
- •Program Modes
- •Program Arguments
- •Control of Execution
- •Multiple Program Files
- •Subroutines
- •Programming Summary
- •Chapter 7. Strings and Dates
- •Strings
- •Dates
- •Appendix A. Object, View and Procedure Reference
- •Alpha
- •Coef
- •Equation
- •Graph
- •Group
- •Link
- •Logl
- •Matrix
- •Model
- •Pool
- •Rowvector
- •Sample
- •Scalar
- •Series
- •Sspace
- •System
- •Table
- •Text
- •Valmap
- •Vector
- •Appendix B. Command Reference
- •addassign
- •addinit
- •addtext
- •align
- •alpha
- •append
- •arch
- •archtest
- •area
- •arlm
- •arma
- •arroots
- •auto
- •axis
- •bdstest
- •binary
- •block
- •boxplot
- •boxplotby
- •bplabel
- •cause
- •ccopy
- •cdfplot
- •cellipse
- •censored
- •cfetch
- •chdir
- •checkderivs
- •chow
- •clabel
- •cleartext
- •close
- •coef
- •coefcov
- •coint
- •comment
- •control
- •copy
- •correl
- •correlsq
- •count
- •create
- •cross
- •data
- •datelabel
- •dates
- •dbcopy
- •dbcreate
- •dbdelete
- •dbopen
- •dbpack
- •dbrebuild
- •dbrename
- •dbrepair
- •decomp
- •define
- •delete
- •derivs
- •describe
- •displayname
- •draw
- •drawdefault
- •driconvert
- •drop
- •dtable
- •edftest
- •endog
- •equation
- •errbar
- •exclude
- •exit
- •expand
- •fetch
- •fill
- •fiml
- •fixedtest
- •forecast
- •freeze
- •freq
- •frml
- •garch
- •genr
- •grads
- •graph
- •group
- •hconvert
- •hfetch
- •hilo
- •hist
- •hlabel
- •impulse
- •jbera
- •kdensity
- •kerfit
- •label
- •laglen
- •legend
- •line
- •linefit
- •link
- •linkto
- •load
- •logit
- •logl
- •makecoint
- •makederivs
- •makeendog
- •makefilter
- •makegarch
- •makegrads
- •makegraph
- •makegroup
- •makelimits
- •makemap
- •makemodel
- •makeregs
- •makeresids
- •makesignals
- •makestates
- •makestats
- •makesystem
- •matrix
- •means
- •merge
- •metafile
- •model
- •name
- •nnfit
- •open
- •options
- •ordered
- •output
- •override
- •pageappend
- •pagecontract
- •pagecopy
- •pagecreate
- •pagedelete
- •pageload
- •pagerename
- •pagesave
- •pageselect
- •pagestack
- •pagestruct
- •pageunstack
- •param
- •pcomp
- •plot
- •pool
- •predict
- •probit
- •program
- •qqplot
- •qstats
- •range
- •ranhaus
- •read
- •rename
- •representations
- •resample
- •reset
- •residcor
- •residcov
- •resids
- •results
- •rndint
- •rndseed
- •rowvector
- •sample
- •save
- •scalar
- •scale
- •scat
- •scatmat
- •scenario
- •seas
- •seasplot
- •series
- •setbpelem
- •setcell
- •setcolwidth
- •setconvert
- •setelem
- •setfillcolor
- •setfont
- •setformat
- •setheight
- •setindent
- •setjust
- •setline
- •setlines
- •setmerge
- •settextcolor
- •setwidth
- •sheet
- •show
- •signalgraphs
- •smooth
- •smpl
- •solve
- •solveopt
- •sort
- •spec
- •spike
- •sspace
- •statby
- •stategraphs
- •statefinal
- •stateinit
- •stats
- •statusline
- •stom
- •stomna
- •store
- •structure
- •svar
- •system
- •table
- •template
- •testadd
- •testbtw
- •testby
- •testdrop
- •testexog
- •testfit
- •testlags
- •teststat
- •text
- •textdefault
- •trace
- •tramoseats
- •tsls
- •unlink
- •update
- •updatecoefs
- •uroot
- •usage
- •valmap
- •vars
- •vector
- •wald
- •wfcreate
- •wfopen
- •wfsave
- •wfselect
- •white
- •workfile
- •write
- •wtsls
- •xyline
- •xypair
- •Appendix C. Special Expression Reference
- •@expand
- •nrnd
- •Appendix D. Operator and Function Reference
- •Operators
- •Basic Mathematical Functions
- •Time Series Functions
- •Descriptive Statistics
- •By-Group Statistics
- •Special Functions
- •Trigonometric Functions
- •Statistical Distribution Functions
- •Appendix E. Workfile Functions
- •Basic Workfile Information
- •Dated Workfile Information
- •Panel Workfile Functions
- •Appendix F. String and Date Function Reference
- •@dateadd
- •@datediff
- •@datefloor
- •@datepart
- •@datestr
- •@dateval
- •@dtoo
- •@eqna
- •@insert
- •@instr
- •@isempty
- •@left
- •@len, @length
- •@lower
- •@ltrim
- •@makedate
- •@neqna
- •@otod
- •@replace
- •@right
- •@rtrim
- •@strdate
- •@strlen
- •@strnow
- •@trim
- •@upper
- •Appendix G. Matrix Reference
- •@cholesky
- •colplace
- •@columnextract
- •@columns
- •@cond
- •@convert
- •@eigenvalues
- •@eigenvectors
- •@explode
- •@filledmatrix
- •@filledrowvector
- •@filledsym
- •@filledvector
- •@getmaindiagonal
- •@identity
- •@implode
- •@inner
- •@inverse
- •@issingular
- •@kronecker
- •@makediagonal
- •matplace
- •mtos
- •@norm
- •@outer
- •@permute
- •@rank
- •@resample
- •@rowextract
- •rowplace
- •@rows
- •@solvesystem
- •stom
- •stomna
- •@subextract
- •@trace
- •@transpose
- •@unitvector
- •@vech
- •Appendix H. Programming Language Reference
- •call
- •@date
- •else
- •endif
- •endsub
- •@errorcount
- •@evpath
- •exitloop
- •include
- •@isobject
- •next
- •open
- •output
- •poff
- •program
- •return
- •statusline
- •step
- •stop
- •subroutine
- •@temppath
- •then
- •@time
- •wend
- •while
- •Index
- •Symbols
- •% (percent sign)
- •+ (plus)
- •addition 35
- •@crossid 593
- •@date 148, 590, 633
- •@eqna 124, 575, 599
- •@-functions
- •@inner 578, 619
- •@insert 126, 600
- •@instr 124, 600
- •@inverse 620
- •@isempty 124, 601
- •@isna 575
- •@isobject 637
- •@isperiod 591
- •@issingular 620
- •@kronecker 620
- •@kurtsby 580
- •@last 474
- •@lastmax 474
- •@lastmin 474
- •@left 125, 601, 606
- •@length 124, 602
- •@logit 583
- •@logx 576
- •@lower 127, 602
- •@ltrim 126, 602
- •@makedate 142, 603
- •@makediagonal 621
- •@maxsby 579
- •@meansby 579
- •@median 578
- •@mediansby 579
- •@minsby 579
- •@month 148, 591
- •@movav 576
- •@movsum 576
- •@nasby 580
- •@neqna 125, 575, 604
- •@ngroups 580
- •@norm 623
- •@obsby 579
- •@obsid 593
- •@obsnum 589
- •@obsrange 590
- •@obssmpl 590
- •@otod 128, 605
- •@outer 623
- •@pcha 577
- •@pchy 577
- •@permute 624
- •@quantile 579
- •@quantilesby 580
- •@quarter 148, 591
- •@rank 624
- •@recode 576
- •@replace 126, 605
- •@resample 625
- •@RGB specification of colors 454
- •@right 126
- •@round 576
- •@rowextract 625
- •@rows 626
- •@rtrim 126, 606
- •@seas 591
- •@skewsby 580
- •@solvesystem 626
- •@sqrt 576
- •@stdev 579
- •@stdevsby 579
- •@strdate 128, 148, 591, 607
- •@strlen 607
- •@strnow 128, 607
- •@subextract 628
- •@sumsby 579
- •@sumsq 579
- •@sumsqsby 579
- •@temppath 641
- •_ (continuation character) 84
- •Numerics
- •Add factor
- •align 203
- •views 154
- •Alpha series
- •append 205
- •ARCH
- •Arguments
- •in programs 98
- •ARMA
- •ASCII file
- •open as workfile 532
- •Autocorrelation
- •Autogressive error. See AR.
- •Autowrap text 83
- •Axis
- •rename label 371
- •axis 217
- •Beta
- •Binary
- •Binomial
- •customize 231
- •Breusch-Godfrey test
- •call 633
- •Cell
- •censored 238
- •Cholesky factor
- •Chow test 241
- •Close
- •Coefficient
- •See Coef.
- •update default coef vector 521
- •Cointegration
- •Color
- •Column
- •extract from matrix 612
- •stack matrix 630
- •Conditional standard deviation
- •Conditional variance
- •Control variable 88
- •Convert
- •date to observation number 599
- •matrix to sym 618
- •Coordinates
- •Copy
- •cross 260
- •matrix 259
- •Create
- •Cross section member
- •of squares 424
- •Data
- •Database
- •Date
- •Dates
- •current date and time 147
- •string representation 598
- •Declare
- •Delete
- •Derivatives
- •Directory
- •Distribution function
- •DRI database
- •fetch series 239
- •Drop
- •group series or cross-section from pool definition 281
- •Eigenvalues 615
- •Element
- •else 634
- •Error correction model
- •Errors
- •exclude 289
- •Exclude variables from model solution 289
- •Exit
- •Exponential
- •Export
- •matrix 41
- •Extract
- •row vector 625
- •Files
- •Fill
- •Filled
- •Fixed effects
- •For loop
- •Forecast
- •Freeze
- •frml 306
- •Full information maximum likelihood 296
- •GARCH
- •Gauss file 532
- •Gaussian distribution 586
- •Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity
- •Generate series
- •Gompit models 222
- •Gradients
- •display 315
- •create 59
- •high-low-open-close 320
- •pie graph 406
- •XY graph 556
- •graph 316
- •greater than comparison 36
- •add series 198
- •group 317
- •Hausman test 413
- •hconvert 318
- •HTML
- •If statement 100
- •Include
- •Inverse of matrix 620
- •Jarque-Bera
- •Johansen cointegration test 245
- •Kernel
- •label 330
- •specify as range 643
- •Lagrange multiplier
- •Legend
- •line 334
- •Link object
- •Local
- •Logistic
- •logl 344
- •Loop
- •exit loop 108, 635
- •Lotus file
- •Matrix
- •resample rows from 625
- •matrix 366
- •Maximum 578
- •Median 578
- •Merge
- •Messages
- •model solution 371
- •Model 170
- •Models
- •block structure 223
- •solve 475
- •Multiplication operator (*) 35
- •Negative binomial
- •Number
- •evaluate a string 608
- •Numbers
- •converting from strings 124
- •store 16, 490
- •Open
- •database 266
- •Output
- •Output redirection 638
- •override 382
- •Override variables in model solution 382
- •Page
- •resize 399
- •Panel
- •Panel data
- •Percent change
- •Poisson
- •Pool 171
- •declare 408
- •delete identifiers 272
- •pool 408
- •portrait 8
- •probit 410
- •create 83
- •open 84
- •P-value functions 587
- •QQ-plot
- •Quantile function 579
- •Random effects
- •Random number
- •Read
- •Recode values 576
- •Regressors
- •Rename
- •Resample
- •Residuals
- •Results
- •return 639
- •height 50
- •Run program
- •multiple files 108
- •Sample
- •set current 474
- •Save
- •with kernel fit 329
- •scenario 438
- •seas 440
- •Second moment matrix 619
- •declare 442
- •formula 306
- •show 470
- •Signal variables
- •Singular matrix
- •test for 620
- •Smoothing
- •Solve
- •linear system 626
- •sort 478
- •Sspace
- •declare 482
- •procs 180
- •State space
- •State variables
- •display graphs of 484
- •Static forecast 297
- •insert string into 600
- •relational comparison 121
- •String variable 89
- •in for loop 104
- •return from 109, 639
- •Symmetric matrix
- •declare 497
- •Table 187
- •text color 54
- •Test
- •Chow 241
- •for ARCH 210
- •mean, median, variance equality 501
- •mean, median, variance equality by classification 502
- •Text file
- •Then 642
- •Time
- •current as string 607
- •trace 512
- •Trigonometric functions 583
- •Uniform distribution 587
- •Valmap 189
- •vector 529
- •Verbose mode 85
- •append contents of workfile page to current page 383
- •close 12
- •contract page 385
- •create 260
- •end date of observation interval 590
- •open existing 12, 532
- •period indicators 591
- •save 12, 540
- •stack page 396
- •Write
- •wtsls 547
- •xypair 561
328—Appendix B. Command Reference
The last row contains statistics for the joint test. The second and fourth column of the
(k + 1) row is simply the sum of all the rows above in the corresponding column and are the χ2k statistics for the joint skewness and kurtosis tests, respectively. These joint skewness and kurtosis statistics add up to the joint Jarque-Bera statistic reported in the output table, except for the “factor=cov” option. When this option is set, the joint Jarque-Bera statistic includes all cross moments (in addition to the pure third and fourth moments). The overall Jarque-Bera statistic for this statistic is stored in the first column of the
(k + 1) row (which will be a missing value for all other options).
Examples
var var1.ls 1 6 lgdp lm1 lcpi
show var1.jbera(factor=cor,name=jb)
The first line declares and estimates a VAR. The second line carries out the residual multivariate normality test using the inverse square root of the residual correlation matrix as the factorization matrix and stores the results in a matrix named JB.
Cross-references
See Chapter 24, “Vector Autoregression and Error Correction Models”, on page 719 of the User’s Guide for a discussion of the test and other VAR diagnostics.
kdensity |
Series View |
|
|
Kernel density plots. Displays nonparametric kernel density estimates of the specified series.
Syntax
|
Series View: |
series_name.kdensity(options) |
Options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
k=arg |
Kernel type: “e” (Epanechnikov), “r” (Triangular), “u” |
|
(default=“e”) |
(Uniform), “n” (Normal–Gaussian), “b” (Biweight– |
|
Quartic), “t” (Triweight), “c” (Cosinus). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s (default) |
Automatic bandwidth (Silverman). |
|
|
|
|
b=number |
Specify a number for the bandwidth. |
|
|
|
|
b |
Bracket bandwidth. |
|
|
|
|
integer |
Number of points to evaluate. |
|
(default=100) |
|
|
|
|
kerfit—329
x |
Exact evaluation of kernel density. |
|
|
o=arg |
Name of matrix to hold results of kernel density compu- |
|
tation. The first column of the matrix contains the eval- |
|
uation points and the remaining columns contain the |
|
kernel estimates. |
|
|
p |
Print the kernel density plot. |
Examples
lwage.kdensity(k=n)
plots the kernel density estimate of LWAGE using a normal kernel and the automatic bandwidth selection.
Cross-references
See “Kernel Density” on page 394 of the User’s Guide for a discussion of kernel density estimation.
kerfit |
Group View |
|
|
Fits a kernel regression of the second series in the group (vertical axis) against the first series in the group (horizontal axis).
Syntax
|
Group View: |
group_name.kerfit(options) |
Options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
k=arg |
Kernel type: “e” (Epanechnikov), “r” (Triangular), “u” |
|
(default=“e”) |
(Uniform), “n” (Normal–Gaussian), “b” (Biweight– |
|
|
Quartic), “t” (Triweight), “c” (Cosinus). |
|
|
|
|
b=number |
Specify a number for the bandwidth. |
|
|
|
|
b |
Bracket bandwidth. |
|
|
|
|
integer |
Number of grid points to evaluate. |
|
(default=100) |
|
|
|
|
|
x |
Exact evaluation of the polynomial fit. |
|
|
|
|
d=integer |
Degree of polynomial to fit. Set “d=0” for Nadaraya- |
|
(default=1) |
Watson regression. |
330—Appendix B. Command Reference
s=name |
Save fitted series. |
|
|
p |
Print the kernel fit plot. |
Examples
group gg weight height
gg.kerfit(s=w_fit, 200)
Fits a kernel regression of HEIGHT on WEIGHT using 200 points and saves the fitted series as W_FIT.
Cross-references
See “Scatter with Kernel Fit” on page 403 of the User’s Guide for a discussion of kernel regression.
See also linefit (p. 337), nnfit (p. 372).
label |
Object View | Object Proc |
|
|
Display or change the label view of the object, including the last modified date and display name (if any).
As a procedure, label changes the fields in the object label.
Syntax
Object View: |
object_name.label |
Object Proc: |
object_name.label(options) text |
Options |
|
To modify the label, you should specify one of the following options along with optional text. If there is no text provided, the specified field will be cleared:
cClears all text fields in the label.
dSets the description field to text.
s |
Sets the source field to text. |
|
|
u |
Sets the units field to text. |
|
|
r |
Appends text to the remarks field as an additional line. |
|
|
p |
Print the label view. |
laglen—331
Examples
The following lines replace the remarks field of LWAGE with “Data from CPS 1988 March File”:
lwage.label(r)
lwage.label(r) Data from CPS 1988 March File
To append additional remarks to LWAGE, and then to print the label view:
lwage.label(r) Log of hourly wage
lwage.label(p)
To clear and then set the units field, use:
lwage.label(u) Millions of bushels
Cross-references
See “Labeling Objects” on page 80 of the User’s Guide for a discussion of labels.
See also displayname (p. 276).
laglen |
Var View |
|
|
VAR lag order selection criteria. |
|
Syntax |
|
Var View: |
var_name.laglen(m, options) |
You must specify the maximum lag order m for which you wish to test.
Options
vname=arg Save selected lag orders in named vector. See below for a description of the stored vector.
mname=arg Save lag order criteria in named matrix. See below for a description of the stored matrix.
p |
Print table of lag order criteria. |
|
|
The “vname=” option stores a vector with 5 rows containing the selected lags from the following criteria: sequential modified LR test (row 1), final prediction error (row 2), Akaike information criterion (row 3), Schwarz information criterion (row 4), HannanQuinn information criterion (row 5).
