- •Table of Contents
- •Chapter 1. Introduction
- •Using Commands
- •Batch Program Use
- •How to Use this Manual
- •Chapter 2. Object and Command Basics
- •Object Declaration
- •Object Commands
- •Object Assignment
- •More on Object Declaration
- •Auxiliary Commands
- •Managing Workfiles and Databases
- •Managing Objects
- •Basic Command Summary
- •Chapter 3. Matrix Language
- •Declaring Matrices
- •Assigning Matrix Values
- •Copying Data Between Objects
- •Matrix Expressions
- •Matrix Commands and Functions
- •Matrix Views and Procs
- •Matrix Operations versus Loop Operations
- •Summary of Automatic Resizing of Matrix Objects
- •Matrix Function and Command Summary
- •Chapter 4. Working with Tables
- •Creating a Table
- •Assigning Table Values
- •Customizing Tables
- •Labeling Tables
- •Printing Tables
- •Exporting Tables to Files
- •Customizing Spreadsheet Views
- •Table Summary
- •Chapter 5. Working with Graphs
- •Creating a Graph
- •Changing Graph Types
- •Customizing a Graph
- •Labeling Graphs
- •Printing Graphs
- •Exporting Graphs to Files
- •Graph Summary
- •Chapter 6. EViews Programming
- •Program Basics
- •Simple Programs
- •Program Variables
- •Program Modes
- •Program Arguments
- •Control of Execution
- •Multiple Program Files
- •Subroutines
- •Programming Summary
- •Chapter 7. Strings and Dates
- •Strings
- •Dates
- •Appendix A. Object, View and Procedure Reference
- •Alpha
- •Coef
- •Equation
- •Graph
- •Group
- •Link
- •Logl
- •Matrix
- •Model
- •Pool
- •Rowvector
- •Sample
- •Scalar
- •Series
- •Sspace
- •System
- •Table
- •Text
- •Valmap
- •Vector
- •Appendix B. Command Reference
- •addassign
- •addinit
- •addtext
- •align
- •alpha
- •append
- •arch
- •archtest
- •area
- •arlm
- •arma
- •arroots
- •auto
- •axis
- •bdstest
- •binary
- •block
- •boxplot
- •boxplotby
- •bplabel
- •cause
- •ccopy
- •cdfplot
- •cellipse
- •censored
- •cfetch
- •chdir
- •checkderivs
- •chow
- •clabel
- •cleartext
- •close
- •coef
- •coefcov
- •coint
- •comment
- •control
- •copy
- •correl
- •correlsq
- •count
- •create
- •cross
- •data
- •datelabel
- •dates
- •dbcopy
- •dbcreate
- •dbdelete
- •dbopen
- •dbpack
- •dbrebuild
- •dbrename
- •dbrepair
- •decomp
- •define
- •delete
- •derivs
- •describe
- •displayname
- •draw
- •drawdefault
- •driconvert
- •drop
- •dtable
- •edftest
- •endog
- •equation
- •errbar
- •exclude
- •exit
- •expand
- •fetch
- •fill
- •fiml
- •fixedtest
- •forecast
- •freeze
- •freq
- •frml
- •garch
- •genr
- •grads
- •graph
- •group
- •hconvert
- •hfetch
- •hilo
- •hist
- •hlabel
- •impulse
- •jbera
- •kdensity
- •kerfit
- •label
- •laglen
- •legend
- •line
- •linefit
- •link
- •linkto
- •load
- •logit
- •logl
- •makecoint
- •makederivs
- •makeendog
- •makefilter
- •makegarch
- •makegrads
- •makegraph
- •makegroup
- •makelimits
- •makemap
- •makemodel
- •makeregs
- •makeresids
- •makesignals
- •makestates
- •makestats
- •makesystem
- •matrix
- •means
- •merge
- •metafile
- •model
- •name
- •nnfit
- •open
- •options
- •ordered
- •output
- •override
- •pageappend
- •pagecontract
- •pagecopy
- •pagecreate
- •pagedelete
- •pageload
- •pagerename
- •pagesave
- •pageselect
- •pagestack
- •pagestruct
- •pageunstack
- •param
- •pcomp
- •plot
- •pool
- •predict
- •probit
- •program
- •qqplot
- •qstats
- •range
- •ranhaus
- •read
- •rename
- •representations
- •resample
- •reset
- •residcor
- •residcov
- •resids
- •results
- •rndint
- •rndseed
- •rowvector
- •sample
- •save
- •scalar
- •scale
- •scat
- •scatmat
- •scenario
- •seas
- •seasplot
- •series
- •setbpelem
- •setcell
- •setcolwidth
- •setconvert
- •setelem
- •setfillcolor
- •setfont
- •setformat
- •setheight
- •setindent
- •setjust
- •setline
- •setlines
- •setmerge
- •settextcolor
- •setwidth
- •sheet
- •show
- •signalgraphs
- •smooth
- •smpl
- •solve
- •solveopt
- •sort
- •spec
- •spike
- •sspace
- •statby
- •stategraphs
- •statefinal
- •stateinit
- •stats
- •statusline
- •stom
- •stomna
- •store
- •structure
- •svar
- •system
- •table
- •template
- •testadd
- •testbtw
- •testby
- •testdrop
- •testexog
- •testfit
- •testlags
- •teststat
- •text
- •textdefault
- •trace
- •tramoseats
- •tsls
- •unlink
- •update
- •updatecoefs
- •uroot
- •usage
- •valmap
- •vars
- •vector
- •wald
- •wfcreate
- •wfopen
- •wfsave
- •wfselect
- •white
- •workfile
- •write
- •wtsls
- •xyline
- •xypair
- •Appendix C. Special Expression Reference
- •@expand
- •nrnd
- •Appendix D. Operator and Function Reference
- •Operators
- •Basic Mathematical Functions
- •Time Series Functions
- •Descriptive Statistics
- •By-Group Statistics
- •Special Functions
- •Trigonometric Functions
- •Statistical Distribution Functions
- •Appendix E. Workfile Functions
- •Basic Workfile Information
- •Dated Workfile Information
- •Panel Workfile Functions
- •Appendix F. String and Date Function Reference
- •@dateadd
- •@datediff
- •@datefloor
- •@datepart
- •@datestr
- •@dateval
- •@dtoo
- •@eqna
- •@insert
- •@instr
- •@isempty
- •@left
- •@len, @length
- •@lower
- •@ltrim
- •@makedate
- •@neqna
- •@otod
- •@replace
- •@right
- •@rtrim
- •@strdate
- •@strlen
- •@strnow
- •@trim
- •@upper
- •Appendix G. Matrix Reference
- •@cholesky
- •colplace
- •@columnextract
- •@columns
- •@cond
- •@convert
- •@eigenvalues
- •@eigenvectors
- •@explode
- •@filledmatrix
- •@filledrowvector
- •@filledsym
- •@filledvector
- •@getmaindiagonal
- •@identity
- •@implode
- •@inner
- •@inverse
- •@issingular
- •@kronecker
- •@makediagonal
- •matplace
- •mtos
- •@norm
- •@outer
- •@permute
- •@rank
- •@resample
- •@rowextract
- •rowplace
- •@rows
- •@solvesystem
- •stom
- •stomna
- •@subextract
- •@trace
- •@transpose
- •@unitvector
- •@vech
- •Appendix H. Programming Language Reference
- •call
- •@date
- •else
- •endif
- •endsub
- •@errorcount
- •@evpath
- •exitloop
- •include
- •@isobject
- •next
- •open
- •output
- •poff
- •program
- •return
- •statusline
- •step
- •stop
- •subroutine
- •@temppath
- •then
- •@time
- •wend
- •while
- •Index
- •Symbols
- •% (percent sign)
- •+ (plus)
- •addition 35
- •@crossid 593
- •@date 148, 590, 633
- •@eqna 124, 575, 599
- •@-functions
- •@inner 578, 619
- •@insert 126, 600
- •@instr 124, 600
- •@inverse 620
- •@isempty 124, 601
- •@isna 575
- •@isobject 637
- •@isperiod 591
- •@issingular 620
- •@kronecker 620
- •@kurtsby 580
- •@last 474
- •@lastmax 474
- •@lastmin 474
- •@left 125, 601, 606
- •@length 124, 602
- •@logit 583
- •@logx 576
- •@lower 127, 602
- •@ltrim 126, 602
- •@makedate 142, 603
- •@makediagonal 621
- •@maxsby 579
- •@meansby 579
- •@median 578
- •@mediansby 579
- •@minsby 579
- •@month 148, 591
- •@movav 576
- •@movsum 576
- •@nasby 580
- •@neqna 125, 575, 604
- •@ngroups 580
- •@norm 623
- •@obsby 579
- •@obsid 593
- •@obsnum 589
- •@obsrange 590
- •@obssmpl 590
- •@otod 128, 605
- •@outer 623
- •@pcha 577
- •@pchy 577
- •@permute 624
- •@quantile 579
- •@quantilesby 580
- •@quarter 148, 591
- •@rank 624
- •@recode 576
- •@replace 126, 605
- •@resample 625
- •@RGB specification of colors 454
- •@right 126
- •@round 576
- •@rowextract 625
- •@rows 626
- •@rtrim 126, 606
- •@seas 591
- •@skewsby 580
- •@solvesystem 626
- •@sqrt 576
- •@stdev 579
- •@stdevsby 579
- •@strdate 128, 148, 591, 607
- •@strlen 607
- •@strnow 128, 607
- •@subextract 628
- •@sumsby 579
- •@sumsq 579
- •@sumsqsby 579
- •@temppath 641
- •_ (continuation character) 84
- •Numerics
- •Add factor
- •align 203
- •views 154
- •Alpha series
- •append 205
- •ARCH
- •Arguments
- •in programs 98
- •ARMA
- •ASCII file
- •open as workfile 532
- •Autocorrelation
- •Autogressive error. See AR.
- •Autowrap text 83
- •Axis
- •rename label 371
- •axis 217
- •Beta
- •Binary
- •Binomial
- •customize 231
- •Breusch-Godfrey test
- •call 633
- •Cell
- •censored 238
- •Cholesky factor
- •Chow test 241
- •Close
- •Coefficient
- •See Coef.
- •update default coef vector 521
- •Cointegration
- •Color
- •Column
- •extract from matrix 612
- •stack matrix 630
- •Conditional standard deviation
- •Conditional variance
- •Control variable 88
- •Convert
- •date to observation number 599
- •matrix to sym 618
- •Coordinates
- •Copy
- •cross 260
- •matrix 259
- •Create
- •Cross section member
- •of squares 424
- •Data
- •Database
- •Date
- •Dates
- •current date and time 147
- •string representation 598
- •Declare
- •Delete
- •Derivatives
- •Directory
- •Distribution function
- •DRI database
- •fetch series 239
- •Drop
- •group series or cross-section from pool definition 281
- •Eigenvalues 615
- •Element
- •else 634
- •Error correction model
- •Errors
- •exclude 289
- •Exclude variables from model solution 289
- •Exit
- •Exponential
- •Export
- •matrix 41
- •Extract
- •row vector 625
- •Files
- •Fill
- •Filled
- •Fixed effects
- •For loop
- •Forecast
- •Freeze
- •frml 306
- •Full information maximum likelihood 296
- •GARCH
- •Gauss file 532
- •Gaussian distribution 586
- •Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity
- •Generate series
- •Gompit models 222
- •Gradients
- •display 315
- •create 59
- •high-low-open-close 320
- •pie graph 406
- •XY graph 556
- •graph 316
- •greater than comparison 36
- •add series 198
- •group 317
- •Hausman test 413
- •hconvert 318
- •HTML
- •If statement 100
- •Include
- •Inverse of matrix 620
- •Jarque-Bera
- •Johansen cointegration test 245
- •Kernel
- •label 330
- •specify as range 643
- •Lagrange multiplier
- •Legend
- •line 334
- •Link object
- •Local
- •Logistic
- •logl 344
- •Loop
- •exit loop 108, 635
- •Lotus file
- •Matrix
- •resample rows from 625
- •matrix 366
- •Maximum 578
- •Median 578
- •Merge
- •Messages
- •model solution 371
- •Model 170
- •Models
- •block structure 223
- •solve 475
- •Multiplication operator (*) 35
- •Negative binomial
- •Number
- •evaluate a string 608
- •Numbers
- •converting from strings 124
- •store 16, 490
- •Open
- •database 266
- •Output
- •Output redirection 638
- •override 382
- •Override variables in model solution 382
- •Page
- •resize 399
- •Panel
- •Panel data
- •Percent change
- •Poisson
- •Pool 171
- •declare 408
- •delete identifiers 272
- •pool 408
- •portrait 8
- •probit 410
- •create 83
- •open 84
- •P-value functions 587
- •QQ-plot
- •Quantile function 579
- •Random effects
- •Random number
- •Read
- •Recode values 576
- •Regressors
- •Rename
- •Resample
- •Residuals
- •Results
- •return 639
- •height 50
- •Run program
- •multiple files 108
- •Sample
- •set current 474
- •Save
- •with kernel fit 329
- •scenario 438
- •seas 440
- •Second moment matrix 619
- •declare 442
- •formula 306
- •show 470
- •Signal variables
- •Singular matrix
- •test for 620
- •Smoothing
- •Solve
- •linear system 626
- •sort 478
- •Sspace
- •declare 482
- •procs 180
- •State space
- •State variables
- •display graphs of 484
- •Static forecast 297
- •insert string into 600
- •relational comparison 121
- •String variable 89
- •in for loop 104
- •return from 109, 639
- •Symmetric matrix
- •declare 497
- •Table 187
- •text color 54
- •Test
- •Chow 241
- •for ARCH 210
- •mean, median, variance equality 501
- •mean, median, variance equality by classification 502
- •Text file
- •Then 642
- •Time
- •current as string 607
- •trace 512
- •Trigonometric functions 583
- •Uniform distribution 587
- •Valmap 189
- •vector 529
- •Verbose mode 85
- •append contents of workfile page to current page 383
- •close 12
- •contract page 385
- •create 260
- •end date of observation interval 590
- •open existing 12, 532
- •period indicators 591
- •save 12, 540
- •stack page 396
- •Write
- •wtsls 547
- •xypair 561
170—Appendix A. Object, View and Procedure Reference
and statistics computed for the rows of a matrix:
matrix rowmat=@transpose(copymat)
rowmat.stats
You can use explicit indices to refer to matrix elements:
scalar diagsum=cov1(1,1)+cov1(2,2)+cov(3,3)
Model
Set of simultaneous equations used for forecasting and simulation.
Model Declaration
model .................. |
declare model object (p. 370). |
Declare an object by entering the keyword model, followed by a name:
model mymod
declares an empty model named MYMOD. To fill MYMOD, open the model and edit the specification view, or use the append view. Note that models are not used for estimation of unknown parameters.
See also the section on model keywords in “Text View” on page 797 of the User’s Guide.
Model Views
block ................... |
display model block structure (p. 223). |
eqs....................... |
view of model organized by equation (p. 287). |
label .................... |
view or set label information for the model (p. 330). |
msg ..................... |
display model solution messages (p. 371). |
text ...................... |
show text showing equations in the model (p. 508). |
trace .................... |
view of trace output from model solution (p. 512). |
vars ..................... |
view of model organized by variable (p. 529). |
Model Procs
addassign............. |
assign add factors to equations (p. 198). |
addinit ................. |
initialize add factors (p. 199). |
append................. |
append a line of text to a model (p. 205). |
control ................. |
solve for values of control variable so that target matches trajec- |
|
tory (p. 248). |
displayname......... |
set display name (p. 276). |
exclude ................ |
specifies (or merges) excluded series to the active scenario |
|
(p. 289). |
|
Pool—171 |
|
|
makegraph............ |
make graph object showing model series (p. 354). |
makegroup ........... |
make group out of model series and display dated data table |
|
(p. 355). |
merge ................... |
merge objects into the model (p. 368). |
override ................ |
specifies (or merges) override series to the active scenario |
|
(p. 382). |
scenario................ |
set the active, alternate, or comparison scenario (p. 438). |
solve..................... |
solve the model (p. 475). |
solveopt ................ |
set solve options for model (p. 476). |
spec...................... |
display the text specification view (p. 479). |
unlink .................. |
break links in specification (p. 519). |
update .................. |
update model specification (p. 520). |
Model Examples
The commands:
model mod1
mod1.append y=324.35+x
mod1.append x=-234+7.3*z
mod1.solve(m=100,c=.008)
create, specify, and solve the model MOD1.
The command:
mod1(g).makegraph gr1 x y z
plots the endogenous series X, Y, and Z, in the active scenario for model MOD1.
Pool
Pooled time series, cross-section object. Used when working with data with both time series and cross-section structure.
Pool Declaration
pool...................... |
declare pool object (p. 408). |
To declare a pool object, use the pool keyword, followed by a pool name, and optionally, a list of pool members. Pool members are short text identifiers for the cross section units:
pool mypool
pool g7 _can _fr _ger _ita _jpn _us _uk
172—Appendix A. Object, View and Procedure Reference
Pool Methods
ls ......................... |
estimate linear regression models including cross-section weighted |
|
least squares, and fixed and random effects models (p. 345). |
tsls....................... |
linear two-stage least squares (TSLS) regression models (p. 515). |
Pool Views
cellipse ................ |
Confidence ellipses for coefficient restrictions (p. 236). |
coefcov ................ |
coefficient covariance matrix (p. 244). |
describe ............... |
calculate pool descriptive statistics (p. 274). |
fixedtest ............... |
test significance of estimates of fixed effects (p. 299). |
label .................... |
label information for the pool object (p. 330). |
output.................. |
table of estimation results (p. 380). |
ranhaus ............... |
Hausman test for correlation between random effects and regres- |
|
sors (p. 413). |
representations..... |
text showing equations in the model (p. 417). |
residcor................ |
residual correlation matrix (p. 421). |
residcov ............... |
residual covariance matrix (p. 421). |
resids ................... |
table or graph of residuals for each pool member (p. 422). |
results.................. |
table of estimation results (p. 423). |
sheet.................... |
spreadsheet view of series in pool (p. 469). |
testadd ................. |
likelihood ratio test for adding variables to pool equation (p. 500) |
testdrop ............... |
likelihood ratio test for dropping variables from pool equation |
|
(p. 503) |
uroot.................... |
panel unit root test on a pool series (p. 522). |
wald .................... |
Wald coefficient restriction test (p. 530). |
Pool Procs
add ...................... |
add cross section members to pool (p. 198). |
define .................. |
define cross section identifiers (p. 272). |
delete................... |
delete pool series (p. 272). |
displayname......... |
set display name (p. 276). |
drop..................... |
drop cross section members from pool (p. 281). |
fetch .................... |
fetch series into workfile using a pool (p. 291). |
genr..................... |
generate pool series using the “?” (p. 308). |
makegroup........... |
create a group of series from a pool (p. 355). |
makemodel .......... |
creates a model object from the estimated pool (p. 358). |
makeresids........... |
make series containing residuals from pool (p. 359). |
|
Pool—173 |
|
|
makestats ............. |
make descriptive statistic series (p. 363). |
makesystem .......... |
creates a system object from the pool for other estimation methods |
|
(p. 365). |
read...................... |
import pool data from disk (p. 414). |
store ..................... |
store pool series in database/bank files (p. 490). |
updatecoefs........... |
update coefficient vector from pool (p. 521). |
write .................... |
export pool data to disk (p. 545). |
Pool Data Members |
|
String Values |
|
@idname(i) .......... |
i-th cross-section identifier. |
@idnameest(i)...... |
i-th cross-section identifier for estimated equation |
Scalar Values |
|
@aic..................... |
Akaike information criterion. |
@coefcov(i,j) ....... |
covariance of coefficients i and j. |
@coefs(i).............. |
coefficient i. |
@dw .................... |
Durbin-Watson statistic. |
@effects(i)............ |
estimated fixed or random effect for the i-th cross-section member |
|
(only for fixed or random effects). |
@f........................ |
F-statistic. |
@logl ................... |
log likelihood. |
@meandep ........... |
mean of the dependent variable. |
@ncoef................. |
total number of estimated coefficients. |
@ncross ............... |
total number of cross sectional units. |
@ncrossest ........... |
number of cross sectional units in last estimated pool equation. |
@r2...................... |
R-squared statistic. |
@rbar2................. |
adjusted R-squared statistic. |
@regobs ............... |
total number of observations in regression. |
@schwarz ............ |
Schwarz information criterion. |
@sddep ................ |
standard deviation of the dependent variable. |
@se...................... |
standard error of the regression. |
@ssr..................... |
sum of squared residuals. |
@stderrs(i) ........... |
standard error for coefficient i. |
@totalobs ............. |
total number of observations in the pool. For a balanced sample |
|
this is “@regobs*@ncrossest”. |
@tstats(i) ............. |
t-statistic value for coefficient i. |
