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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5983_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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- •About the Editor
- •Contents
- •Contributors
- •1.1.4 Components of niosome
- •1.1.5 Factors affecting niosomes
- •Preface
- •Abstract
- •1.1 Introduction
- •1.1.1 Why niosome?
- •1.1.2 Advantages of niosome
- •1.1.3 Structure of niosome
- •1.2 Applications of niosome
- •1.2.2 Niosomes for the delivery of therapeutics
- •1.2.3 Niosomes in biomedical applications
- •1.3 Conclusions and future prospects
- •Keywords
- •References
- •Abstract
- •2.1 Introduction
- •2.2 Conclusions
- •Acknowledgments
- •Keywords
- •References
- •Abstract
- •3.1 Introduction
- •3.2.1 Parameters involved in electrospinning process
- •3.2.2 Biomaterials for electrospinning
- •3.3 Electrospun nanofibers as drug delivery systems
- •3.3.1 Blending electrospinning
- •3.3.2 Emulsion electrospinning
- •3.3.3 Coaxial electrospinning
- •3.3.4 Surface modifications
- •3.4 Electrospun nanofibers for tissue engineering
- •3.4.1 Electrospun nanofibers for hard tissue engineering
- •3.5 Cancer diagnosis and therapy
- •3.6 Concluding remarks and future perspectives
- •Keywords
- •References
- •4. Natural Biocarriers for Brain Targeting
- •Abstract
- •4.1 Introduction
- •4.1.1 Central nervous system
- •4.2 Biocarriers
- •4.2.1 Carbohydrates carriers
- •4.2.2 Protein carriers
- •4.2.3 Exosomes
- •4.3 Conclusions and perspectives
- •Keywords
- •References
- •Abstract
- •5.1 Introduction
- •5.2 Synthesis of graphene family nanomaterials
- •5.2.1 Graphene synthesis
- •5.2.2 GO and rGO Syntheses
- •5.2.3 GQd synthesis
- •5.4 Drug delivery and biomedical applications
- •5.4.1 Drug delivery
- •5.4.2 Gene delivery
- •5.4.3 Bioimaging
- •5.4.4 Photothermal therapy
- •5.4.5 Tissue engineering
- •5.5 Summary and future prospect
- •Keywords
- •References
- •6. Nanotechnology in Gene Delivery
- •Abstract
- •6.1 Introduction
- •6.2 Gene delivery
- •6.3 Nanotechnology in gene delivery
- •Keywords
- •References
- •Abstract
- •7.1 Introduction
- •7.2 Additive manufacturing in pharmacology
- •7.2.1 Extrusion-based 3D printing techniques
- •7.2.2 Stereolithography
- •7.2.3 Selective laser sintering
- •7.2.4 Binder jet printing
- •7.3 Most common polymers
- •7.3.1 Natural polymers
- •7.3.2 Synthetic polymers
- •7.3.2.5 Polyvinylpyrrolidone
- •7.4 Common 3D-printed dosage forms
- •7.4.1 Scaffolds
- •7.4.2 Tablets
- •Keywords
- •References
- •7.4.3 Microneedles
- •7.4.4 Capsule
- •7.4.5 Films
- •7.5 Main factors in drug delivery
- •7.5.1 Nature of polymers
- •7.5.2 Matrix permeability
- •7.5.3 Polymer blends
- •7.5.4 Specific surface area
- •7.5.5 Infill density and patterns
- •7.5.6 Pores
- •7.5.7 Cross-linking
- •7.5.8 Coating
- •7.5.9 Core/shell and multicompartment
- •7.6 Final considerations and future perspectives
- •Abstract
- •8.1 Introduction
- •8.2.1 Polymer solution concentration and viscosity
- •8.2.2 Molecular weight of polymer
- •8.2.3 Surface tension
- •8.2.4 Electrical conductivity
- •8.2.5 Applied voltage
- •8.2.6 Feed rate/flow rate
- •8.2.7 Temperature and humidity
- •8.3 Method of preparation for nanofibers
- •8.3.1 Electrospinning
- •8.3.2 Self-assembly
- •8.3.3 Phase separation
- •8.3.4 Drawing of nanofibers
- •8.3.5 Template synthesis
- •8.4 Biomedical applications of nanofibers
- •8.4.1 Wound dressing
- •8.4.2 Tissue engineering
- •8.4.3 In cancer therapy
- •8.4.4 Miscellaneous
- •8.5 Drug delivery application
- •8.5.1 Antihypertensive drug
- •8.5.2 Antimicrobial drug
- •8.5.3 Growth hormone
- •8.5.4 Miscellaneous
- •8.6 Conclusion
- •Keywords
- •References
- •Abstract
- •9.1 Introduction
- •9.2 Tissue engineering
- •9.3 Nanotechnology
- •9.4 Polymeric scaffolds in tissue engineering
- •9.5 Challenges
- •Keywords
- •References
- •Abstract
- •10.1 Introduction
- •10.2 Ideal properties of bioceramics
- •10.2.1 Mechanical property
- •10.2.2 Porosity, pore size, and shape
- •10.2.3 Biocompatibility and biodegradability
- •10.2.4 Osteoconductivity and osseointegrity
- •10.3 Bioceramics in orthopedic applications
- •10.4 Bioceramics in maxillofacial surgery
- •10.5 Bioceramic in drug delivery applications
- •10.6 Doped bioceramic in biomedical application
- •10.7 Conclusions
- •10.8 Future direction
- •Acknowledgments
- •Keywords
- •References
- •Index

298
Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
recently observed that 3D-printed biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) proved
2016).
10.3 BIOCERAMICS IN ORTHOPEDIC APPLICATIONS
Ceramics are considered an excellent material to prepare orthopedic implants
-
other inorganic salts to produce bone cement (Vallet-Regi and Navarrete,

Bioceramics System for Biomedical Application
299
-
-
in addition, hybrid materials such as bioceramics–polymer have also been
2
–P
2
O
5
mate-
and less tissue damage as compared to pure silica materials (García et al.,
2
–P
2
O
5

300
Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
Overall, the primary microstructure possessed by glasses and ceramics,
promising mechanical properties. In addition, these hierarchical materials
displayed excellent osteoconductive and osteointegration characteristics by
activity to stimulate bone regeneration in vivo
Metoki, 2017) (Fig. 10.1). Nonetheless, this limitation can be overcome by

Bioceramics System for Biomedical Application
301
characteristics to promote bone healing such as physiochemical properties,
-
FIGURE 10.1
Source

302
Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
-
implant consolidation based on postsurgical assessment (Marcacci et al.,
demonstrated that the implant promotes bone healing by encouraging angio-
-
genic protein 2 (BMP-2). In this experiment, HAp slurry and polymethylmeth-
p. 2). SiO
2
and SiO
2
to evaluate the in vivo bone healing potential. Postsurgical evaluation at 6,
-
strated that the SiO
2
use due to superior osteoinduction ability (Fielding and Bose, 2013). In addi-
tion, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) provide an interesting potential

Bioceramics System for Biomedical Application
303
Many investigations have been done to explore the bioactive behavior
-
-
Biomedical science research including human clinical trials is conducted
research and development. For biomaterials and all pharmaceutical products,

304
Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
-
®
®
-
®
®
-
10.4 BIOCERAMICS IN MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
-
-

Bioceramics System for Biomedical Application
305
-
techniques are employed in clinical procedures such as sinus augmentation,
-
attached morphologically. Nonresorbable bioactive ceramics stimulate a

306
Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
contrary, resorbable bioceramics gradually degrade over time and are even-
disadvantage is the unmatched implant degradation and host tissue repair
(Adamopoulos and Papadopoulos, 2007).
TABLE 10.1
Category Reference
Inert
Alumina (Al
2
O
3
)
al., 2018)
2
)
Vigolo et al., 2006)
Carbon (C)
Bioactive
Nonresorbable
Calcium phosphate
ceramics (CPC)
Mostly HAp alone,
chitosan, collagen,
poly(l-lactide),
2+
,
2+
, Cd
2+
3+
2020)
Bioactive glasses
and glass ceramics
Mineral trioxide
Resorbable
Porous CPC,
CaSO
4
, coral, CaCO
3
Xiao et al., 2015) (Figure 10.2)

Bioceramics System for Biomedical Application
307
FIGURE 10.2
surgery
Source
-
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