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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5240_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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- •Foreword
- •Acknowledgements
- •About this book
- •About the author
- •Chapter 1: Introduction to Artifacts
- •1.1 What is an artifact?
- •1.2 General causes of artifacts
- •1.3 Sorting out the “truth”
- •1.4 Optical artifacts
- •Chapter 2: Acoustic Speckle
- •Chapter 3: Attenuation Artifacts
- •Types of attenuation artifact
- •3.1 Distal acoustic enhancement
- •3.2 Focal zone banding
- •3.3 Total distal acoustic shadowing
- •3.4 Dirty shadowing
- •3.5 Dropout
- •3.6 Venetian-blind shadowing
- •3.7 Partial shadowing
- •3.8 Edge shadowing
- •3.9 Anisotropic dropout
- •Chapter 4: Beam Dimension Artifacts
- •4.1 Beamwidth artifact
- •4.2 Slice thickness
- •4.3 Sidelobe artifacts
- •Chapter 5: Refraction
- •5.1 Refraction ghost artifacts
- •5.2 Refraction: distortion and defocusing
- •5.3 Anisotropy
- •Chapter 6: Reverberation
- •6.1 Reverberation artifact
- •6.2 Comet tail artifact
- •Chapter 7: Ringdown
- •Chapter 8: Mirror Image Artifacts
- •Chapter 9: Reflection Artifact
- •Chapter 10: Propagation Speed Artifact
- •Chapter 11: Range Ambiguity
- •Chapter 12: Motion Artifact
- •Chapter 13: Acoustic Window and Angle of Approach Effects
- •Chapter 14: System Artifacts and Malfunctions
- •Chapter 15: Artifact Avoidance Strategies

Figure 15.2 (b): Adjustments in multiple system parameters were
needed to reveal its presence.
Ultimately, the skill and expertise of the operator has the greatest
effect on the overall quality of the diagnostic ultrasound scan.
As with other forms of professional endeavor, a great degree of
experience is required to successfully perform ultrasound scans,
avoid artifacts and interpret ultrasound images. What separates a
good ultrasound practitioner from an expert is probably somewhere
in the vicinity of 10,000 hours (Malcolm Gladwell, 2008).
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