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Файл:Моя будущая карьера = My Career Ahead. Учебное пособие
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Scorpio The Scorpion - the 8th sign of the zodiac. Scorpios
are good at medicine. They are persistent, courageous, and
sometimes very obstinate, and this fact can cause much harm.
May 21 –
June 20
Leo The Lion - the 5th sign of the zodiac. Leos are strong
personalities, very dynamic: they don't like to be alone.
People like their company.
December 22
–
January 19
Virgo The Virgin - the 6th sign of the zodiac. Virgos have a
very good ability to observe other people; they like to
criticize. They have strong sense of taste, sight, hearing, and
smell.
September 23
–
October 22
Cancer The Crab - the 4th sign of the zodiac. Cancers are
kind, sensitive, good at arts. There are many good actors
among them. People like them because they are always ready
to help.
October 23 –
November 21
Taurus The Bull - the 2nd sign of the zodiac. Tauruses like to
be attentive to other people. They are musical. They are good
at farming and commerce.
November
22 –
December 21
Text 7
I DON’T USUALLY LOOK LIKE THIS!
• A young man has been taken to the police station, and the police are
questioning him. Listen to the conversation to find out why.
Police Constable: Let’s start from the beginning, sir. The clothes you’re
wearing, are they yours?
Man: Well, yes.
P.C: So, this pretty pink and white dress is yours, is it sir?
Man: Well, yes, it is mine, that is, I bought it, but I don’t usually wear it.
P.C: But you’re wearing it today?
Man: I went to a fancy dress party last night. I bought the dress for ten pence. I
only bought it to wear to the party. That’s why I’ve got this cap on. I’ve got ribbons
in my air. I put the cap on to cover them up. I thought I would look strange with
ribbons in my hair.
P.C: But you thought that if you wore a man’s cap and a pink and white dress,
you wouldn’t look strange?
Man: I was wearing a coat when I left the party. A coat and a cap. No one
could see the dress or the ribbons.
P.C: Why did you take the coat off?
Man: I took it off when I got home. The first thing I did when I walked in was
to take my coat off.
P.C: But you didn’t take your cap off?
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Man: I didn’t have time. I walked into the house and realized that I’d left my
wallet behind in the taxi. I ran outside to stop the taxi, but it had driven away.
P.C: Why didn’t you back into your house?
Man: I wanted to, but I found that when I ran out, the door had shut behind
me. My key was inside the house in my coat pocket and I couldn’t open the door.
That’s why I’m dressed like this.
P.C: Why aren’t you wearing any shoes?
Man: I took them off. I wore women’s shoes to the party, and I couldn’t climb
up the ladder in those.
P.C: What ladder?
Man: Well, both doors were locked and all the windows were shut. Everyone
had gone to bed. I thought if I climbed up a ladder and knocked at the bedroom
window my mother would wake up and let me in. I remembered that I’d seen a ladder
in the shed, so I fetched that and climbed up it.
P.C: did you wake your mother up?
Man: Yes, I did. She came to the window and opened it. But I had put the end
of the ladder against the window, and when she opened the window, it pushed the
ladder away, and I fell backwards into the neighbour’s garden.
P.C: Did you hurt yourself?
Man: Luckily, I didn’t. My neighbour’s got a big wire cage full of chickens. I
landed on the top of that. But I lost the ladder and I couldn’t get down.
P.C: What did your mother do?
Man: She looked out and didn’t see me. She shut the window and went back to
bed. I shouted and called and jumped up and down. At last the neighbour woke up. I
saw the light go on in his bedroom. I thought he was coming to rescue me. But
nothing happened. And then the police car arrived.
P.C: Your neighbour telephoned us to say a madman had got up on top of his
chicken coop and was dancing about up there. It was three o’clock in the morning. He
was frightened. I wonder why your neighbour didn’t recognize you?
Man: Good heavens. I don’t usually look like this.
• In the police station the young man had to write a statement. The
policeman gave him a form. Make notes about the man’s story using the
guidelines above, and then reconstruct the story.
Time arrested
………………………………………………………………………………
Reason for arrest
………………………………………………………………………………
Where arrested
………………………………………………….…………………………...
Description
(including
clothing)
………………………………….. …………….……………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
Actions leading
to arrest
(complete in full)
……………………………………………………….…………..…………
……………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………...
Police called by
………………………………………………………….…………………..
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• The man said they could check his story by talking to the witnesses.
Which four should the police talk to, and what questions should they ask?
• Four people made statements. Here are some of the things they said to
the police. Who said what? Do they support the man’s story, or not?
a) I remember him clearly because he was wearing a cap and a coat, and a pair
of women’s shoes.
b) I had gone to sleep, but I woke up because my chickens were making noise.
c) There were about twenty people here, but they had all gone home by two
o’clock.
d) After I’d driven away, I saw that there was a wallet on the back seat.
e) I could see a back shape jumping about on the henhouse.
f) I looked out of the window but I couldn’t see anything, so I went back to
bed.
g) I had a bit of difficulty opening it, because there seemed to be something
pressing on it.
h) We thought he looked marvellous. He won second prize.
Text 8
• Read the following text and answer the questions below.
THE PROFESSION OF A LAWYER
The profession of a lawyer is one of the most popular professions among the
young people. It is quite necessary for regulating social relations in the state and
providing full degree of security for its citizens.
Almost all universities and academies of Russia have a faculty of Law.
University professors, readers and lecturers teach students. To be good specialists a
lawyer should know many laws and their proper application. So the curriculum of the
law school includes many compulsory and optional subjects important for their future
work. Thus, first-year students study such subjects as philosophy, psychology, history
of Russia, foreign language, mathematics, computer, sociology, Latin, history of
religion, economics, and others. Then they study labour law, theory of state and law,
civil law, criminal law, constitutional law, family law, land law, international law,
criminal procedure, and many others.
The would be lawyer has to deal with a variety of people: the poor and the rich,
educated and uneducated, suspects, prisoners, victims, witnesses, recidivists and
general public. That is why the legal profession may be considered to be very
difficult, interesting and noble at the same time.
Graduates of any law high school can work in different courts, in notary
offices, at the bar, in organs of militia, in the organs of the Prosecutor’s Office, in
organs of tax inspection, as well as in different banks, companies, and enterprises,
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and firms. They can work as advocates, prosecutors, judges, inspectors, notaries,
customs officers and other workers of law enforcement agencies.
1. What higher schools train lawyers?
2. Why is it one of the most popular professions nowadays?
3. What professions of lawyers do you know?
4. Where can graduates of law schools work?
5. What compulsory and optional subjects do you study at law faculty?
6. Why is it important to know human psychology?
Text 9
ABOUT MY CAREER
• Read the text and fill in the correct word derived from the words in
brackets.
I originally became ……………. (interest) in law during my 9
th
form when I
realized that my skills as a writer, speaker, and leader – as well as my powers of logic
would probably serve me well in a legal career. That is why I entered an …………
(option) class where I could have prelaw lessons twice a week. All that I have done
and experienced in my studying of the basic aspects of law has further stimulated and
reinforced my interest in law, especially international obligations and public law, and
my …………… (determine) to pursue a legal career.
My parents are, ………………… (understand), unable to respond with much
enthusiasm to my often-stated ambition of one day becoming an attorney. They are
naturally more concerned with day-to-day survival that anything else and can
scarcely dream of ever my becoming a law student. Studying to be a lawyer
represents the fulfilment of one of my …………… (long) held dreams.
Whatever I could do as a lawyer to help people who are victimized by
unscrupulous businessmen, as well as their own ignorance of the law, would give me
a great …………… (satisfy). The duty of the lawyer is not only to punish people for
various crimes: from espionage to serial murder and terrorism, but they must do their
best to prevent crimes, to fight against evil in our society.
They should help those people, who committed an error (broke the law) to find
the right road in their life. Judges can hand down a death sentence for murder in our
country. I feel strongly that the death sentence should be ………….. (abolish). The
lawyers protect the rights and legal interests of citizens, institutions and
organizations. I want to help people, businesses to solve their problems. I want to
help everybody to know the rules that we all have to live by, and to get along
according to these rules. I think that the profession of a lawyer is one of the most
important in the law-governed state which we are ………….. (create) now.
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Text 10
Do you know? Read and choose the best answer:
• that the treaty of Versailles was the peace treaty that ended World War One.
There was one country which was actually left out of it. People forgot about Andorra,
the tiny state in the Pyrenees beside Spain. Eventually Andorra did sign a peace treaty
with Germany ending World War One, but not until it was fighting Germany in
World War Two.
• the Roman Emperor Caligula did crazy things and a lot of people think he
was mad. He was bald on top, so he made a law, which said that people couldn’t look
down on him when he was passing by. Another thing he did, he kept his horse inside
the palace, decorated with jewels.
• our year used to be three hundred and sixty-six days long, instead of three
hundred and sixty-five. It doesn’t sound much of a difference, does it? Just one day.
But in fact, the year is connected with the sun and moon, and by the time of Julius
Caesar, things were in a big mess! Midsummer’s day was in August, instead of June.
To sort all this out, Julius Caesar had to add sixty-seven days to one year: the year
forty-six BC. So it was a really long year!
• that in the Middle Ages people took animals to court and actually put them
on trial. Once, in France, some rats were taken to court for taking food that didn’t
belong to them! The worse thing, though, is that the rats didn’t appear in the
courtroom because, as their lawyer said, they had been attacked by evil cats, on their
way to court. He wanted money as a guarantee that the cats wouldn’t attack the rats
again, but he never got it.
When did Germany and Andorra sign the peace treaty?
A before World War
Two
B during World War
Two
C at the end of World War One
What did the Roman Emperor Caligula keep inside the palace?
A a horse
B jewels
C a lot of crazy things
How many days did Julius Caesar add to the year 46 BC?
A 1 day
B 66 days
C 67 days
What did a man accuse the rats of?
A stealing money
B attacking cats
C stealing food
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Text 11
• Read the text and mark the sentences below as T (true) or F (false).
1. T. R. Teddy is Theodore Roosevelt’s nickname...
2. He studied at Harvard...
3. Roosevelt described his ranch as 'The Winning of the West'...
4. They planned to put him on a shelf in the vice-presidency because of his
wisdom...
5. Roosevelt wanted to make war on someone and he succeed...
6. He paid little attention to rank, money and social position, perhaps because
he was from the poor family...
7. He liked nature very much....
8. William Howard Taft was Roosevelt’s successor...
9. Roosevelt captured the bull moose in a very humane way...
THEODORE ROOSEVELT
Theodore Roosevelt was one of our best-known presidents, being known as T.
R. Teddy. He was an Oyster Bay Roosevelt, which is one of the two principal
varieties.
As a boy, Roosevelt was weak and sickly, but he built himself up by boxing
and taking exercises with dumbbells in a gymnasium. Gradually he became more and
more robust, despite several years at Harvard. He liked the out-of-doors, and bought a
large amount of it on a ranch in North Dakota, the acquisition of which he modestly
described as 'The Winning of the West'.
Roosevelt grew so muscular that the politicians deemed it wise to put him on a
shelf in the vice-presidency, where they thought he would be safe, not knowing that
McKinley was so close to being shot.
When Roosevelt got down from the shelf and moved into the White House, the
United States was at peace. The former Rough Rider found this intolerably dull and
decided to make war on someone. The British, Japanese, Germans, Canadians,
Russians, and Venezuelans were all considered. In a final act of desperation,
Roosevelt sent the American fleet around the world looking for a suitable enemy.
Unable to find one, he was forced to accept the Nobel Peace Prize as a consolation.
Roosevelt was known as a man of unquenchable energy. He paid little attention
to rank, money, and social position, perhaps because he had so much of all three. He
was deeply interested in nature, which he tried to conserve. He did this by collecting
such natural resources as butterflies and birds, which he thought were being wasted.
At the same time he was violently opposed to Big Business, then busily engaged in
collecting money and other unnatural things. As might be expected, Roosevelt was
greatly annoyed when somebody sneeringly referred to him as 'Buster'.
At the conclusion of his term, Roosevelt went West to find his successor and
picked a hearty, pioneer type named William Howard Taft. Then he went off to
Darkest Africa where, despite the poor light, he bagged many magnificent specimens
87
and brought them home for zoos and museums. One specimen of which he was
especially proud was the bull moose, which he captured by speaking softly and then
hitting it on the head with a big stick.
Text 12 (I)
• Read the text and mark the sentences as T (true) or F (false).
FROM THE HISTORY OF CRIMES
1. Alfred introduced his own laws because he found that different laws were
used in different parts of his kingdom. …
2. People who were accused of crimes declared outlaws if they killed
someone. …
3. The Anglo-Saxons believed that King of Wessex would judge whether the
person were guilty or not. …
4. The crimes of treason, rebellion, riot, murder and most kinds of stealing
were all punished by capital punishment. …
5. Some police methods such as fingerprinting helped to prove a criminal was
guilty. …
6. The first detective force later became known as the Bow Street Runners. …
7. Nobody went to see public hangings in Georgian Britain. …
8. Many criminals were kept in old ships before being transported to prison
camps in America. …
When Alfred (871-899) became King of
Wessex, he found that different laws were used in
different parts of his kingdom. He introduced his
own laws from old Saxon customs, and many
good laws from other kingdoms.
People who were accused of crimes had to
appear in front of the village moot. If they did not
appear for their trial they were declared outlaws
and could be killed by anyone. Those who
admitted their crime had to pay a fine to anyone
they had harmed.
In the case of murder the fine was called
wergild. The size of the wergild depended on the
importance of the injured person. The more
important the victim, the higher the wergild.
If accused people could not find enough oath-helpers (people who would swear
they were innocent), they were tried by ‘ordeal’. The Anglo-Saxons believed that
God would judge whether the person were guilty or not.
The accused person either picked a stone out of a pan of boiling water or
carried a bar of red-hot iron for several paces. If the scalded or burned hand had
begun to heal after three days, the person was innocent. If not, he or she was guilty.
88
Those criminals who were caught in Tudor times were punished very harshly
as an example to others. Common people were hanged, nobles were usually
beheaded. People could be hanged for stealing.
The crimes of
treason, rebellion, riot,
murder and most kinds of
stealing were all punished
by death. Since modern
police methods such as
fingerprinting had not been
invented, it was hard to
prove a criminal was
guilty so people were
sometimes made to
confess to crimes by torture. The rack was widely used instrument of torture.
Georgian Britain In 1750 Henry Fielding set up the first detective force, later
known as the Bow Street Runners. His blind brother, John, was a magistrate, who
was said to be able to recognise the voice of any criminal who had appeared before
him.
There were over two hundred crimes for which the penalty was death. Huge
crowds went to see public hangings like the ones at Tyburn, just outside London.
There were often stalls and side shows well.
Prisons were dirty and overcrowded. Murderers, lunatics, debtors and children
were all mixed together in dreadful conditions. Typhus, or ‘jail fever’, killed a lot of
prisoners each year. Many convicted criminals were kept in old ships before being
transported to prison camps in Australia.
Some people, like John Howard, a magistrate, tried to improve condition, but it
took over fifty years to replace all the old, unhealthy prisons.
Text 12 (II)
• Arrange the paragraphs into the chronological order. Use the previous
text to get information you need.
The Metropolitan Police force patrol London. They wear blue uniforms and
white shirts, and some wear tall helmets, developed from the top hats worn by early
policeman. Two nicknames for British police “bobbies” and “Peelers” come from the
founder of the “Met” Police, Sir Robert Peel. They are the oldest uniformed police
force in the world (the first on the left). The Metropolitan Police Thames Division
patrol the river in speedboats.
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Their floating police station is by Waterloo Bridge. The City of London has its
own police force. They have their own special uniform, shown on the left (next to the
“met constable”).
There were a lot of crimes in Tudor times. There was no paid police force, so
people had to look for the criminals themselves. Since modern police methods had
not been invented, it was hard to prove a criminal was guilty so people were
sometimes made to confess to crimes by torture.
Crime was very common in Georgian Britain. In the rapidly and growing
towns, a lot of poor people, beggars and ruffians lived off crime. There was no proper
police force so there were savage punishments for those who were caught, to put
others off committing crimes. In 1750 Henry Fielding set up the first detective force,
later known as the Bow Street Runners.
If accused people could not find enough oath-helpers (people who would swear
they were innocent), they were tried by “ordeal”. The Anglo-Saxons believed that
God would judge whether the person were guilty or not.
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