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Файл:Pronunciation in practice. Year II. Undergraduate course in practical phonetics. Учебное пособие по практической фонетике для студентов II курса
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3. Read the mini-extracts below as the sense dictates. Explain
the use of chosen tones. Practise varying intonation:
1. “Califon is just a little more thantwo squaremiles… It’sin
HuntertonCounty,NewJersey,andin1850itwasoriginallynamed
California.”
2. Ifyouarelookingforsomethingveryspecic,itisoftenworth
enquiringaboutany local cultural orresearchinstitutes as theyalso
frequentlyhavewell-stockedlibraries.Besidesthelibrariesattheuniversityorcollege,youwillalsondwell-equippedandwell-stocked
municipallibrariesineverytown.
3. Saturdayafternoonisthetimeoffootball:Mostrstdivision
matchesstart at half past 3 on Saturdayafternoons, and millions of
peoplefollowthemontheradio.Theaircrackleswithtensionrising
tofeverpitchataround5,whenthenalminutesofthematchesbegin.
4. IfyouinvitepassionatefootballfanstoyourhouseonaSaturday,youshouldaskthemroundaftertheafternoonradiocoverageand
beforetheeveningTV-show—butonlyifyouownaTV(sothatthey
canwatchthematchesatyourplace).Interruptionsofanykindduring
thefootballprogrammeontelevisionorradiocandestroyfriendships
andleadtoseriousmarriageorpartnershiptroubles.
5. –Haveyouguessedtheriddleyet?TheHattersaid,turningto
Aliceagain.
–No,Igiveitup,Alicereplied:what’stheanswer?
–Ihaven’ttheslightestidea,saidtheHatter.
–NorI,saidtheMarchHare.
Alicesighedwearily.Ithinkyoumightdosomethingbetterwith
thetime,shesaid,thanwastingitinaskingriddlesthat have no answers.
–IfyouknewTimeaswellasIdo,saidtheHatter,youwouldn’t
talkaboutwastingit;it’shim.
–Idon’tknowwhatyoumean,saidAlice,
–Ofcourseyoudon’t!TheHattersaid,tossinghisheadcontemptuously.IdaresayyouneverevenspoketoTime!
–Perhapsnot,Alicecautiouslyreplied:butIknowIhavetobeat
timewhenIlearnmusic.
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6. ‘What tremendously easy riddles you ask!’Humpty Dumpty
growledout.‘OfcourseIdon’tthinkso!Why,ifeverIdidfalloff—
whichthere’snochanceof—butifIdid—’Herehepurseduphislips
andlookedsosolemnandgrandthatAlicecouldhardlyhelplaughing.
‘IfIdidfall,’hewenton,‘the King has promised me—ah,youmay
turnpale,ifyoulike!Youdidn’tthinkIwasgoingtosaythat,didyou?
The King has promised me—with his very own mouth-to-to’
‘Tosendallhishorsesandallhismen,’Aliceinterrupted,rather
unwisely.
‘NowIdeclarethat’stoobad!’HumptyDumptycried,breaking
intoasuddenpassion.‘You’vebeenlisteningatdoors—andbehind
trees—anddownchimneys—oryoucouldn’thaveknownit!’
‘Ihaven’t,indeed!’Alicesaidverygently.‘It’sinabook.’
‘Ah,well!Theymaywritesuchthingsinabook.That’swhatyou
callaHistoryofEngland,thatis.’
7. Pablo, who is mathematically inclined, calculates that Mrs
Stantonisaboutfourtimesasoldastheyare,notallofthemtogether
buteachofthem.HealsoguresthatindogyearsMrsStantonwould
beaboutthreehundredandeightyearsold.
3. Space for your own Low-Key story:
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Tasks and exercises
Explanation
Whenspeakersraisethepitchoftheirvoicestoahighlevelthey
dosoonaprominentsyllableandsotheyareusingHighKeytoexpressthingstheyconsidertobecontrarytowhattheirhearersexpect.
Thesethingscontrastwithsomethingwhichhasalreadybeensaidor
implied,orwithsomethingwhichisimplicitinthecontext.
1) word / idea contrast,
2) disagreement,
3) strong agreement.
Listen to the continuation of the conversation between Lisa and
Tony. Identify the tones you hear. Practise reading the dialogue.
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Listen to a short conversation. Mark the sentences illustrating
the intonation pattern the woman uses each time she speaks.
1.Yes,dear. 2.Yes,dear. 3.Yes,dear. 4.Yes,dear.
__________ ___________ __________ __________
__________ ___________ __________ __________
The meaning of a very simple statement depends on who says it,
who they are speaking to and where the two people are. Because the
people are both in the situation, the meaning is clear to them — it
doesn’t need to be said.
“Thedooris
open.”
Youforgottolockitagain!
Abankmanagertoaclerk
standinginfrontofthesafe
rstthinginthemorning.
Whatarelief!NowIdon’t
havetositoutherewaiting
forsomeonetocomehome.
NowonderI’mcold.
Shutthedoor.
Pleasecomein.
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Apersonarriveshome
withoutakey,nooneis
there,thepersontriesthe
dooranditopens.
Apersonsittingina
draughtyroomthatis
freezingcold.
Twopeopleinanofce.It’s
verynoisynextdoorbutthe
speakerdoesn’twanttoget
up.
Areceptionistinanofce;
someonehasjustrungthe
bellorknocked.
Ineachofthefollowingexercises,youaregiven:
a) a statementandthecontextitwassaidin —yousaywhatit
means.
b) astatementandwhatitmeans—yousupplythecontext.
c) astatement—youthinkofallthemeaningsandcontexts.
A.“It’sraining.” Mothertoyoungsondressed
onlyinT-shirtandshorts
whoisgoingoutside.
Farmertoharvesters.
Mandyingofthirstatseain
asmallboat.
Driverwithbrokenwipersto
passengerincarondarkroad
b.“Ifeeltired.” It’stimeyouwenthome.
Carryme.
I’mreadytodie.
I’vedoneenoughwork
today.
c.“He’snot
answering.”
a.“Thesun’s
comingup.”
Thealarmclockdidn’tgooff
andtheywantedtocatcha
dawntrain.
Twoclimbersarestranded
onamountainledge.
Searchpartycampedina
wood.
Farmertohiswife.
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b.“Idowish
they’dgethere.”
c.“I’vegota
headache.”
Thedinner’sgetting
burntandI’mhungry.
Ihopetherehasn’tbeen
anaccident.
Ican’twaitanylonger
–Ishouldhaveleftages
ago.
It’sbeenyears;I’mdying
toseethem.
Iwanttogetthisover
withassoonaspossible.
a.“Idon’tknow
whattosay.”
b.“Whenare
youcoming
back?”
Pleaseaskmetogowith
you.
Areyoucomingbackat
all?
Ineedtoknow—
someonemightphone.
Don’tyoudarebelate!
Womanopensbirthday
presentfromman—it’san
engagementring.
Personreceivescheapgiftas
weddingpresentfromfamily
friendwhoiswaitingfor
reaction.
Veryhonestpersontoa
friendwhowantshelp
stealingsomemoney.
Personwhohasrecently
receivedtwopayrisesasks
forathird.Bossreacts.
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Whereareyoureally
going?
Doyouhavetogo?
I’mafraidofbeingalone.
c.“Noneedto
explain.”
a.“IthinkI’d
bettergetdown
towork.”
b.“Well,what
doyouthink?”
c.“It’salittle
lateforthat.”
Ithinkit’sawfulbutyou
don’twanttosayso.
Youknowbetterthanme
inthesethings.
Ihaven’tthoughtaboutit
atall.
Idareyoutosayyou
don’tlikeit.
Don’tjustsitthere—say
something!
Twopeopleinalibrary.One
ischattingonendlessly,the
otherwantstowork.
Twopeoplehavingcoffee
andaveryinteresting
conversation
Ajournalistwithadead-line
inanhourandshehasn’t
evenbegunthearticle.
Personwho’sindangerof
losingtheirjob.
Husbandtowifeafterbig
dinnerpartylookingatpiles
ofdirtydishes.
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Раздел 3
ТеХНИКа ТеНеВОГО ЧТеНИЯ
Conversing wiTh Queen viCToria
Queen Victoria reigned for more than sixty years from 1837 to
1901. This text describes the scene after a formal dinner at the palace
where the young Queen is socializing with her dinner guests.
When the company was reassembled
inthedrawing-roomtheetiquettewasstiff.
ForafewminutestheQueenspokeinturn
toeachofherguests;andduringtheseshort
uneasy colloquies the aridity of royalty
was apt to become painfully evident. One
night Mr.Greville, the Clerk of the Privy
Council, was present; his turn soon came;
themiddle-agedhard-facedviveurwasaddressedbyhisyounghostess.
“Haveyoubeenridingtoday,Mr.Greville?”askedtheQueen.
“No,Madam,Ihavenot,”repliedMr.Greville.
“Itwasaneday,”continuedtheQueen.
“Yes,Madam,averyneday,”saidMr.
Greville.
“It was rather cold, though,” said the
Queen.
“It was rather cold, madam” said Mr.
Greville.
“Your sister, Lady Francis Egerton,
rides.Ithink,doesn’tshe?”saidtheQueen.
“She does ride sometimes, Madam,”
saidMr.Greville.
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Therewasapause,afterwhichMr.Grevilleventuredtotakethe
lead,thoughhedidnotventuretochangethesubject.
“HasyourMajestybeenridingtoday?”askedMr.Greville.
“Ohyes,averylongride,”answeredtheQueenwithanimation.
“HasyourMajestygotanicehorse?”saidMr.Greville.
“Ohaverynicehorse,”saidtheQueen.
Itwasover.HerMajesty gaveasmileandaninclinationof the
head,Mr.Grevilleaprofoundbow,andthenextconversationbegan
withthenextgentleman.
abouT friends
Thegoodthingabout friendsisnothavingtonishsentences.I
satawholesummerafternoonwithmyfriendonceonariverbank,
baskingheelsonthebakedmudandwatchingthesmallchunksslide
intothewaterandlisteningtothem—plop,plop,plop.
Hesaid“Ilikethetwigswhenthey…youknow…likethat.”Isaid
“Thereis that branch…” Webothsaid “Mmmm”. The river owed
andowedandtherewerelotsofbutteries,thatafternoon.
Irstthoughttherewas a sad thing aboutfriendswhenwemet
twentyyearslater.Webothtalkedhundredsofsentences,takingcare
tonishallwesaid,andexplainitallverycarefully,asifwe’dbeen
discoveredinplacesweshouldnotbe,andweresomehowashamed.
Iunderstoodthenwhattherivermeantbyowing.
Over TO yOu
What are your memories of childhood? Write a story in the manner of “About Friends”. Read it in class.
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You, wife — me, pop sTar
Ihavelatelybeencontemplating the up anddownlifeofa‘just
pop’man.IdonotmeanElvis,TomorEnglebertwhodon’tsingopera,justpop.Imeanmeandalltheothervictimsof‘Justpopthekettle
on…’‘Justpopupstairs…’‘Justpopdowntothebreadshop…’andall
theother‘justpop’tricks.
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