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Башкирский Государственный Аграрный Университет

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English for Postgraduates. Практикум

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constitutionalконституционный economic educational environmental ethical-этический health moral policy political social technical theoretical

1. Let me introduce myself. My name is Maria Gorelova.

2. I am a graduate of Russian University of Transport.

3. I studied in the Institute of Transport Engineering and

Control Systems.

4. My department was Track maintenance vehicles, track

laying and building machines and robotics systems.

5. My major was Mechatronics and Robotics.

6. The subject of my graduation project was the

modernization of the truck cranes.

7. I decided to join the post-graduate courses because I

want to continue my research and improve the safety of

the truck cranes.

Sample Topic

8. The subject of my scientific research is «The control

automation of loading-unloading machines handling».

9. My scientific advisor is Professor Sladkova.

10. I am going to research the stability of truck cranes.

11. I have developed a programme that facilitates the

increase of safety during operation.

12. I am going to investigate the influence of irregular

external loads.

13. The objective of my research is the development of an

automatic lifting system for a truck crane.

14. The next objective of my research is the development of

control systems for irregular external loads.

15. The novelty of the research is the development of an

automatic lifting system.

16. My research is relevant due to the fact that industrial

accidents entail additional costs.

17. The results of my investigation may help to increase the

economic efficiency of loading-unloading operations.

18. The implementation of an automatic lifting system will

reduce the breaking of the machines.

19. The practical applicability of my research lies in the

reduction of number of industrial accidents.

20. Thank you for your attention.

How To Tell Numbers

We say oh

after a decimal point

5.03

five point oh three

in telephone numbers

67 01 38

six seven oh one three eight

in bus numbers

No. 701

get the seven oh one

in hotel room numbers

Room 206

I’m in room

two oh six.

in years

1905

nineteen oh five

We say nought

before the decimal point

0.02

nought point oh two

We say zero for the

number 0

the number zero

for temperature

-5 °C

five degrees below zero

We say nil

in football scores

5-0

Spain won five nil.

We say love in tennis

15-0

The score is fifteen love.

1. OH, Zero, Love, Nought, Nil!

The above are all ways of saying 0 in English.

Now say the following:

1. The exact figure is 0.002.

2. Can you get back to me on 01244 249071? I’ll be here all

10.66

ten point six six

Not ten point sixty six

0.325

nought point three two five

0.001

nought point oh oh one

or 10-3, ten to the power minus three

morning.

3. Can you put that on my bill? I’m in room 804.

4. Do we have to hold the conference in Reykjavik? It’s 30 degrees below 0!

5. What’s the score? 2-0 to Juventus.

2. The Decimal Point In English, we use a point (.) and not a comma (,) for decimals. We use commas in figures only when writing thousands. 10,001 is ten thousand and one.

10.001 is ten point oh oh one. When accounts are prepared on computer, commas are not used. The number appears as 82103. In English all the numbers after a decimal point are read separately:

You will also hear people say:

0.05

zero point oh five

or oh point oh five

But if the number after the decimal point is a unit of money, it is

£12.50

twelve pounds fifty

€ 2.95

two Euros ninety five

0.5%

a half of one per cent

read like a normal number:

NB. This is very important. When you do business on the phone, say nought point three seven five (0.375) and not nought point three hundred and seventy-five. If the listener missed the word point, you might lose a lot of money. Say the digits separately after the point. Now say the following:

1. It’s somewhere between 3.488 and 3.491.

2. Look, it’s less than 0.0001! It’s hardly worth worrying about.

3. I changed all those yen into sterling, and I only got £13.60!

4. That’s about 14-50 in Swiss francs.

5. Did you say 0.225 or 0.229?

6. The dollar is at 1.95. 7. No, 1 meant 15.005 not 15,005.

3. PER CENT

The stress is on the cent of per cent ten perCENT Notice the following when talking about interest rates:

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