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Файл:A guide to effective communication in English. Учебное пособие по практике устной и письменной речи английского языка
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10. Can diets solve the obesity problem? Arrange all pros and cons in two
columns (in written form). Discuss the ideas in class.
11. Round-the-table discussion. Are you worried about the obesity problem?
Why? Would you prefer to solve this problem by self-slimming or
under the supervision of an expert? Give your reasons.
Listening
Listen to the text about the obesity problem in Great Britain. Speak about the
causes of the problem in that country. Do we have the same problems?
Writing
1. Reproduction of a story (E-E).
2. A letter to a youth newspaper about obesity as a national problem and
your personal worry.
3. Essay. Describe your eating habits. Would you like to change
anything? How?
4. Comment on the proverb “We don’t live to eat, we eat to live”.
FUN TIME
1. Basic cooking terms
Here is a crossword puzzle for you to revise the basic cooking
terms and their spelling
1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8
9
10 11
12
13
14 15 16
17 18
19
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20 21
22 23
24
25
4 To coat food with butter, margarine,
or egg-using a small brush
5 To coat food with butter, margarine,
or egg-using a small brush
8 To beat sugar and fat together until
fluffy
9 To remove or strip off the skin or rind
of some fruits and vegetables
12 To mix two or more ingredients
together until well combined
16 To prepare food by applying heat in
any form
18 To make mixture smooth by lifting it
over and over quickly with a big
beating stroke or to incorporate air
through the mixture
19 To add salt, pepper, or other
substances to food to enhance flavor
20 To sprinkle or coast with a powdered
substance, usually with crumbs or
seasonings
22 To cook in a small amount of fat 15 To work dough with the 'heel' of the
ACROSS
1 To finely divide food in various sizes by
rubbing it on a grater with sharp
projections
2 To cut fat into flour with two knives or
pastry blender until it is distributed in
small particles throughout the mixture
3 To cut into small pieces
4 To back, dry, or toast a food until the
surface is brown
6 To flatten to a desired thickness by using
a rolling pin
7 To mix ingredients by gently turning one
part over another with a spatula
10 To roast meat slowly on a spit rack or
rack over heat-basting frequently with a
seasoned sauce
11 To cut into very small cubes
13 To cook in water or liquid in which
bubbles rise continually and break on
surface
hands, using a pressing motion,
accompanied by folding and stretching
until smooth and elastic
DOWN
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24 To cook below the boiling point,
bubbles form slowly and break the
surface
25 To cook in the steam generated by
boiling water
To beat rapidly to introduce air
bubbles into food. Applied to cream,
eggs, and gelatin
23 To cut or chop food as finely as possible
24 To mix by using circular motion, going
16 To cook by dry heat usually in an oven
17 To cook over, under, or in front of hot
coals or a gas or electric burner, or other
form of direct heat
21 To mix ingredients lightly without
mashing or crushing them
around and around until blended
(http://www.whenwecrosswords.com)
2. Give the best name
The leader reads the recipe of a dish. The players either individually, or
divided into two groups of 3-4, have to give the name to the dish and present it to
the rest of the group.
3. “Waiters’ competition”
You are participating in the TV contest “The best waiter”. Your task is to
advertize a dish. You choose the dish yourself. It may be a dish of the Russian,
English, Chinese or French cuisine. You have to say how to cook it, how to dress
and how to serve it. You should convince the assessor that the dish is really
delicious.
Additional texts
Good Eating Habits
Below are 8 dietary habits, which you should follow:
1. Never Overeat: Overeating is one of the most common and dangerous dietary
habits. It often leads to obesity, which is a factor in many other diseases. When
you eat more, the digestive tract and other organs get stressed, which can lead to
the overworking and weakening of those areas. Always eat in moderation. In
fact, eating small meals several times a day instead of one or two large meals is
probably better for most people.
2. Never Under Eat : All forms of under eating like skipping meals, or eating
only limited foods will lead to poor nutrition. Which will eventually lead to
health problems due to protein, calorie, vitamin, or mineral deficiencies. Under
eating causes symptoms like lack of energy and subsequent weakness,
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malnourishment of internal organs, skin problems, and hair loss, apart from
medical conditions like anorexia, nervosa and bulimia. So, even if you are on a
diet make sure you follow a plan that does not starve you.
3. Never Eat Late: Grandma's habit of eating dinner before sundown is actually
a very healthy practice. It is best to eat earlier in the evening, ideally before dark,
and not too heavily. You should also engage in some activity, both mental and
physical, after dinner; and eat very little in the two or three hours before bedtime.
If you have
been going to bed on a full stomach, let me tell you it is a very unhealthy
practice. The food just sits there, undigested through the night, so that when you
wake up you feel full and sluggish. So, to add vitality in your life, start having
your meals at the grandma time!
4. Do not follow rigid diet:
You would have come across people who have very rigid eating patterns and
who consume only a limited selection of foods. Though we all have certain
preferences or biases, but following a very rigid diet is
usually not in our best interest. It can lead to serious nutritional deficiencies,
which can cause major health problems. So, next time when someone offers you
a new dish doesn’t assume that you won't like
it, without even trying it.
5. Don't let your emotions eat: Our emotions strongly influence our eating
behaviour. Some of us eat when upset or depressed; others cannot eat at all in
this condition. But to maintain a more balanced diet, and thus a more balanced
life, we need to learn to deal with our emotional states in ways other than with
food.
6. Liquids and food: Drinking liquids with our meals is not really a good
practice, since extra fluids can dilute the digestive juices, making it more
difficult to break down food. But you can drink water before meals or sometime
after. A Little bit of water with meals may help dissolve the food and stimulate
digestive juices. Generally, water is our best beverage, and we should consume
about eight to ten glasses a day.
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7. Eat Slowly: We should always try to eat our meals slowly. It is very important
because by chewing our food properly we start the digestive process in the
mouth. This saves a lot of wear and tear on the stomach and digestive tract,
helping us easily breaks down the food and utilizes the nutrients contained in it.
8. Get prepared to eat: Apart from preparing the food with love and care we
should take out time to prepare ourselves. By prepare we mean psychologically
make ourselves ready to receive nourishment, such as
with a little prayer or some quiet time.This gives us a chance to get the most out
of our meal.
("Good Eating Habits." 123HelpMe.com. 02 Jun 2016 )
Assessment test: Food and eating habits (Internet at e-learning. sfedu.ru)
MODULE 2. OUR DAILY ROUTINE
Map of the module
Unit / Topic Vocabulary Reading Speaking Listening
Unit 1.
Domestic
chores and
their
sharing.
Unit 2. Our
daily
program. A
student’s
day.
General vocabulary:
domestic activities
Additional
vocabulary:
everyday problems.
Idioms connected
with daily routine.
The correct use of
the verbs to do/to
make.
Minding
prepositional
phrases. Studying
synonyms using
explanatory
dictionaries.
General vocabulary:
morning/evening
activities, leisure
activities.
Additional
vocabulary: set
expressions and
Text. A
Domestic
Disagreement.
Text. Early to
Bed and Early
to Rise Makes a
Man Healthy,
Wealthy and
Wise?
Discussion: “Men’s”
and “women’s”
domestic duties (the
existing stereotypes)
Dialogues: Sharing
domestic chores.
Favourite/unfavourite
household duties.
Discussion: Who are
you – a “lark” or an
“owl”? What way of
life is healthier?
Saturday
Night
Thoughts
Writing
1.Vocabulary
test (including
synonyms,
antonyms,
phrases and
phrasal verbs,
proverbs)
2.Translation
skills.
1.Vocabulary
test.
2.Translation
skills.
3.
Reproduction.
4.Composition
“My Ideal
Weekend”
Creative
35
Unit 3. Time
management.
Module
Assessment
proverbs.
.
General vocabulary:
problems with time
managing, time
management skills.
Text. Time
Management
Skills: Easy to
Understand but
Difficult to
Obtain? Time
Management
strategies.
Discussion: What do
we know about time
management and
time management
skills? Dialogues:
Different ways to
overcome difficulties
with time
management.
Test dialogues
writing
1) “One Day
of my Life or
How I
Prioritize
Things”
2) A
Confession of
a
Procrastinator
Assessment
Test
Unit 1. DAILY ROUTINE
◙ Vocabulary development
Topical vocabulary:
1. Morning Activities – to wake up, to be awake, (not) to get enough sleep, to
have a good night’s rest, to get up on time/ late/ early, to get out of bed, to take
off one’s clothes (pajamas, night dress, night gown), to put on one’s dressing
gown (bath robe, slippers), to go for a run, to have a warm-up, to go jogging, to
make the bed, to go to the bathroom, to take a shower (a bath), to clean one’s teeth,
to comb (brush) one’s hair, to do one’s hair, to put on make-up, to get dressed, to
have a light (continental, substantial) breakfast, to have a hasty bite, to go to school
(University, work) by bus/ tram/ trolleybus/; on foot, to catch a bus.
2. Leisure Activities – to attend classes of aerobics, to be sporty (to go in for
sport), to call on smb., to go out, to go to a disco, to go to keep-fit classes, to
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keep fit, to practise swimming/ running, to receive guests, to arrange a party, to
relax, to take a rest, to take smb out, to use to the full, to be in a good mood, to
put smb in a good mood, to be frustrated, to be fussy about
3. Domestic Chores – not to be much of a housewife, to clean/ to do/ to tidy up,
to do the cleaning, to do the washing, a clothes line, pegs, darks (dark things to
be washed), lights, to take things to the laundry, to clear the bedroom, to clear up
the mess, to do the dishes, to do the ironing, to do one’s laundry, to do the
mending, to do the repairs, drudgery, to dry up plates/ dishes, to dust the
furniture, dustbin, floor-cloth, to get out of order, to empty the dustbin, handy, to
hang out one’s washing, to help smb about the house, household refuse, a
househusband, housekeeping, housework, to keep house (to run the house), to
leave things around, bed linen, litter, to litter, to look spick and span, a mop, to
be an old hand at smth, to polish the floor, to put smth in its place, to put up the
curtains, to rinse, to roll up one’s sleeves, to put things right, to sew (sewed,
sewn), to turn a blind eye to smth, to wash by hand, to take things to the
Laundromat.
4. Evening Activities – to feel tired/ sleepy/refreshed, to be a TV addict, to be a
couch potato, to listen to the radio/ music, to be in, to go to bed, to have a good
night’s rest, to keep late hours, to sit up late at night, to be a night-bird (an owl),
to lie awake all night, to lie in bed, to rise with the lark, to organize one’s time,
to plan one’s week, to sleep like a log, to stay in bed, to take a nap, to leave smth
till tomorrow.
Additional vocabulary:
5. Housework
My room is very clean and tidy (= everything in order), but my brother is very
untidy, he leaves his clothes all over the floor and never makes his bed. What's
worse, he doesn't clean his room very often, so most of the time it is quite dirty. I
37
do the washing-up every evening after dinner, and I normally do the washing
and ironing at the weekend when I have a bit more free time I also hoover the
carpets and polish the dining room table once a week.
to scrub; to clean; to air; to tidy up; to dust; to sweep.
To decorate: to whitewash, to paper, to paint.
6. Everyday problems
The lights are not working, there must be a power cut. The kitchen door-handle
has come off. The washing machine broke down the other day, I’ll have to wash
by hand. The pipe is leaking. The pipes have got clogged/blocked. Oh no! The
bathroom is flooded! Get a mop, quick! The batteries have run out. I’m sorry,
your cup is chipped.
7. Idioms connected with daily routine
Come on! Rain or shine! We’ve got to leave! There’s no time for breakfast. We
can get a bite to eat on the motorway. I’ll drive and you can have a nap in the
back seat. When we get there, there’ll just be time to freshen up before the
meeting. It’s going to be a long day. I’ll be ready to crash out about 8 o’clock, I
should think. Still, we can stay home the following evening and put our feet up
and just watch the box.
Tasks
1. Compare the following synonyms using explanatory dictionaries. What do
the synonyms of each group have in common? Find the semantic
peculiarities of the words which can help you to use them properly (for
example: the object, the way the action is performed, the constituent parts,
the sphere of use etc).
38
To repair – to fix – to mend – to decorate, to visit – to attend – to drop in – to
call on, to iron – to press, linen – laundry.
Make situations (dialogues/monologues) to illustrate the correct use of
these words.
2. Translate. Use do or make.
1.Туристы разожгли костер и вскипятили воду. 2. У Синтии заняло неделю
сшить прекрасное платье из белого шелка. 3. Мама сердится на сына,
потому что, встав, он никогда не заправляет кровать. 4. У меня нет
времени, не мог бы ты сходить за покупками? 5. Родители беспокоятся, что
новая строгая диета может причинить вред их дочери. 6. Через неделю
Дмитрий будет выступать с докладом на конференции, поэтому сейчас ему
приходится засиживаться допоздна, подбирая информацию для доклада. 7.
Мне не очень удобно расчесываться и накладывать макияж перед зеркалом
в ванной, там недостаточно света, я предпочитаю делать это перед
большим зеркалом в прихожей. 8. Перед приездом моей свекрови у меня
много дел: мне надо прибрать квартиру и приготовить обед. 9. Я хочу
немного освежиться, не могли бы вы сделать мне чай с лимоном. 10.
Вселившись в новую квартиру, мистер Браун сделал величайшую ошибку:
он не подружился с соседями.
Reading and speaking
Before reading the text discuss the following question in the group.
Are you a night bird or a lark? (find the necessary vocabulary in the text to
describe these two types of persons and use it in your answer). Which way of life
is healthier (more productive)?
TEXT 1. HEALTHY, WEALTHY AND WISE?
Some people prefer to get up early in the morning and start the day’s work.
Others prefer to get up later in the day and work until late at night. Which
39
do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
Sometimes I am intrigued to think how our ancestors used to spend their
evenings before electricity was invented. Only possibility for them would be
going to sleep as early as possible and getting up early in the morning so that
they can complete all their daily customs before dusk. With the advent of
electricity, human beings have got the privilege to stay late in the night.
Moreover, in today’s globalized world, many companies are working round the
clock to support their customer base which spawned all over the world. While
some of us are forced to adjust our daily routine to meet this demand, some
others personally prefer to stay late in the night and do their work.
Irrespective of the motive, working until late at night and getting up later in the
day is not advisable at all. It not only affects our metabolism immediately but
also our health in the long run. By not getting up early in the morning, we are
deprived of many benefits. Some of which are: we can’t enjoy the beauty of
early morning sunrise and we don’t have time to do physical exercise.
Going for a morning walk in the twilight is a beautiful experience that can’t be
explained in words. Watching ‘sun rise’, while a cool and a fresh breeze
sweeping across our faces, takes us into a different world altogether. Sun rays, in
early morning, are replete with Vitamin D, which is helpful not only to our eyes
but also to our skin. Hence, a morning walk not only bestows us with a chance to
enjoy nature’s beauty but also makes us healthier.
If we get up early in the morning, we have sufficient time to go to gymnasium
and do some workouts. These exercises not only enable us to maintain our
fitness levels but also rejuvenate our body and keep us active for the rest of the
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