Разговорный английский для инженеров. Тренинг навыков устной речи. Учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языку-1

Mobility is perceived as a most suitable way of getting access to study provisions academically superior to those at home or in areas of specialization hardly available at home; in those cases, the term “vertical mobility” might be appropriate.

Moreover, mobility between countries and institutions of higher education of more or less the same level of academic quality, i.e. “horizontal mobility”, is perceived as offering the opportunity to widen the horizon through experiencing contrasting academic environments and to enhance one’s intercultural understanding. The Bologna Declaration of 1999 called for the reforms primarily in order to increase the attractiveness of higher education in European countries for students from outside Europe as well as in order to facilitate intra-European student mobility.

There are many studies on the positive impact of mobility for the development of interpersonal skills, personal maturity and cognitive skills in general. O. Bracht said: “Students do not only mature during their stay but they also gain in competences often summarized as soft or key skills like intercultural awareness, adaptability, flexibility, innovativeness, productivity, motivation, endurance, problem solving abilities and being able to work productively in a team" (Bracht et al. 2006, 209).

According to the definition by European Council, academic mobility is training, teaching, carrying out researches abroad, and after it a tutor or a researcher returns to his basic educational institution. Besides, analysis of the recent documents of European space of higher education allows us outline institutional mobility and mobility of programmes and people.

In 2013 National fund of Staff Training presented the results of systematizing and evaluating mechanisms of collaboration

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between Russia and foreign countries in order to develop academic mobility: regulative basis, tools, and practices.

Russian state grants for foreign students are majorly issued for countries of Asia, Africa, and Middle East, and less frequently – for countries of Latin America, EasternEuropean and Balkan countries, countries of Western Europe and Baltics, and also states of Northern Europe. Academic exchanges and joint scientific researches are especially necessary with countries that lead in innovation areas: EU, the USA and Canada, Japan, Korean Republic.

VI. Say if the statements are True or False according to the text:

1)Academic mobility is a vital tool for improving the quality of training in higher education.

2)Mobility seems a most suitable way of getting access to study scientific facts that are widely available at home.

3)“Vertical mobility” is mobility between countries and institutions of higher education of more or less the same level of academic quality.

4)The Bologna Declaration was issued in 1999.

5)Student mobility develops soft skills.

6)According to the definition by European Council, academic mobility includes travelling, health care, carrying out researches within European countries.

7)Programmes of academic mobility have a regulative basis.

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VII. Read and change the sentences according to the model:

Model: Academic mobility manifests a key element of Internationalization. – What manifests a key element of Internationalization?

1. The Russian Federation promotes the development of cooperation between Russian and foreign educational and scientific organizations, international academic mobility of students. 2. Academic mobility continues to be understood as one of the main tools for improving the quality of training in higher education. 3. “Horizontal mobility” is called mobility between countries and institutions of higher education of more or less the same level of academic quality. 4. The Bologna Declaration increases the attractiveness of higher education in European countries for students from outside Europe. 5. Student mobility has the positive impact for the development of interpersonal skills, personal maturity and cognitive skills in general. 6. The Russian state issues grants for foreign students from Asia, Africa, and Middle East. 7. Internationalization describes designing a product in a way that it may be readily consumed across various countries.

Module 3. RECRUITMENT

I. Answer the questions using your own ideas:

1)What are the most important professions? Why do you think so?

2)Do you prefer to work alone or in a team? Why?

3)What are the main qualities of a good leader?

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4)What is the role of technology in work environment?

5)What is better to work for one company for many years or work for many companies for a year?

6)What is the rate of unemployment in Russia at the moment? Do the unemployed get unemployment benefit?

7)Have you ever tried to look for a job? Tell about your experience.

8)What is the best way to look for a job?

9)What documents do you need to get a job?

10)Are you ready to move to another city/region/country for the job? Why/Why not?

II. Give a short talk about recruitment. Choose one variant A or B and use the plan:

Variant A

Describe a company/organisation you would like to join. You should say:

What the name of the company/organization is;

Where it is located;

How you know about this company

and explain why you would like to work in this company/organisation.

Variant B

Talk about a job that helps make the world a better place. You should say:

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What job is it;

How you learn about;

Why do you think it helps so much

and explain why do you think it can make the world a better place.

III. Train your pronunciation. Find the word with an odd sound:

1)fear – deer – engineer – wear - near

2)air – clear – fair – care – dare

3)cure – pure – sure – during – endure

4)type – fire – tyre – mire – tired

IV. Find antonyms among the words below, then choose 5 words and make up sentences with these words:

Vacancy, to hire, present, internal, unique, to fire, to send, occupancy, to receive, former, common, external.

V. Read the text.

TYPES OF RECRUITING

Internal Recruiting: internal recruiting involves filling vacancies with existing employees from within an organization.

Retained Recruiting: when organization hires a recruiting firm, there are several ways to do so; retained recruiting is a common one. When an organization retains a recruiting firm to fill a vacancy, they pay an upfront fee to fill the position. The firm is responsible for finding candidates until the position is filled. The

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organization also agrees to work exclusively with the firm. Companies cannot, in other words, hire multiple recruiting firms to fill the same position.

Contingency Recruiting: like retained recruiting, contingency recruiting requires an outside firm. Unlike retained recruiting, there is no upfront fee with contingency. Instead, the recruitment company receives payment only when the clients they represent are hired by an organization.

Staffing Recruiting: staffing recruiters work for staffing agencies. Staffing recruiting matches qualified applicants with qualified job openings. Moreover, staffing agencies typically focus on short-term or temporary employment positions.

Outplacement Recruiting: outplacement is typically an employer-sponsored benefit which helps former employees transition into new jobs. Outplacement recruiting is designed to provide displaced employees with the resources to find new positions or careers.

Reverse Recruiting: refers to the process whereby an employee is encouraged to seek employment with a different organization that offers a better fit for their skill set. Some companies offer their employees Reverse Recruiting Days to help them with this process. On such days the companies review resumes, conduct mock interviews, and offer deep dives into specific job roles.

VI. Say if the statements are True or False according to the text:

1.Internal recruiting involves hiring people within the company itself.

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2.Companies are able to hire multiple recruitment firms to find candidates for a vacancy.

3.Contingency recruitment implies paying to a recruiting firm in advance.

4.Companies tend to look for long-term employees when practicing staffing recruiting.

5.Outplacement recruiting is primarily aimed at helping employees.

6.Reverse recruiting targets replacing current employees with more skillful ones.

7.Employees can enroll in a new company after completing an interview on one of the reverse recruiting days.

VII. Decide which of the answers are more appropriate for these typical interviewer’s question.

1. Why are you leaving your present post?

a) I would like to move on and see this post as an opportunity to meet new challenges.

b) I was made redundant.

2. Who is your favourite architect?

a) I’m a great admirer of Frank Lloyd Wright, who created functional architecture conform to the setting.

b) I haven’t really thought about that question before.

3. What has been your greatest disappointment?

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a)I failed to solve the escape route situation in Building X.

b)The award-winning design was not realised due to financial difficulties.

4. Where do you see yourself in 10-year time?

a)I’d like to take early retirement. So I might be on a beach somewhere.

b)If the opportunities allow it, I’d like to concentrate on creating master plans and supervise a small group of architects.

5. Do you think you are too young for this post?

a) I may be young, but I’m motivated and willing to learn. b) Has age got anything to do with experience?

6. How would you motivate others?

a) I’d look for special talents and skills and praise them for these capabilities.

b) I’d bribe them and take them out for drinks.

7. What salary are you looking for?

a)I’ll take what is going.

b)I’m looking for something between £20,000 and £22,000.

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Module 4. CULTURAL UNITY AND DIVERSITY

I. Answer the questions using your own ideas:

1)What public holidays do you celebrate?

2)What are the main values in your culture?

3)Can you name a festival or holiday that is celebrated in different countries?

4)Why is cultural diversity a good thing?

5)Have you ever experienced culture shock?

6)Are you interested in language, beliefs, values and norms of various nations?

7)Do you think it is important to study the history of your own country?

8)What benefits can there be for people studying/working abroad?

9)What negative effects may come from a country losing its traditions?

10)Are you in favour of adopting a universal language?

II. Give a short talk about cultural unity and diversity. Choose one variant A or B and use the plan:

Variant A

Describe a tradition in your country. You should say:

What it is;

Who takes part in it;

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What activities can people take part in

and explain how you feel about it.

Variant B

Describe a case when you experience culture shock. You should say:

What forced you to feel cultural diversity and misunderstanding;

Where it happened;

How you coped with this situation and reached understanding

and explain why it is necessary to learn about other cultures and identities.

III. Train your pronunciation. Find the word with an odd sound:

1)use – tunnel – tube – student – unit

2)thus – sunny – sum – assume – plus

3)top – short – form – four – board

4)book – good – look – cool – cook

IV. Find antonyms among the words below, then choose 5 words and make up sentences with these words:

Confidential, calm, polite, popular, public, dangerous, appropriate, aggressive, safe, rude, unknown, inappropriate

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