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This leads us to believe that…;
In view of these facts it is quite likely that…;
Doubtless,...;
It is generally agreed that….
Your own opinion
In my opinion;
In my view;
To my mind;
As far as I am concerned;
It seems to me that;
I feel strongly that;
Personally, I believe that….
Conclusion
In conclusion;
To sum up;
On the whole;
To conclude;
Taking everything into account
Useful references:
1. https://essayinfo.com/essays/
2. http://pediaa.com/how-to-write-an-essay/
3. https://www.internationalstudent.com/essay_writing/essay_tips/
4. http://www.indiacelebrating.com/english-essay/
5. https://essaypro.com/blog/essay/
6. https://www.wikihow.com/Write-an-Essay
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UNIT IV
EXAMINATIONS
LEAD-IN
1.Think and share your ideas with your partner!
Every person is born with a particular potential which is unique to him.
People are of different types and not all of them are brilliant students. Many
work hard to get good marks, while others don't and yet manage to score well
during examinations. There are also students who study hard but don't get the
desired percentage.
1.How do you prepare for your exams?
2.Have you any special preparation tips to help you during your exam?
What are they?
READING
2.Read the text and say if there is any helpful information for you.
Top 10 Exam Preparation Tips
Here are a few preparation tips to help students ace in exams.
Good Time Table
Before starting with the studies, students should design their own timetable which directs all the material that has to be covered and tells them how
much is needed to be studied each day. A schedule of every subject should be
made with different priorities. Tough subjects and the ones in which a student is
weak should be given more hours, and easier ones should be given less hours
with sufficient intervals between each subject. The timetable should very
importantly have breaks in between.
Loose that Fear
Fear and stress are one of the major factors which tend to become an obstacle
in getting high percentage. One should loose all the fear and free his mind.
Approximating a certain score to achieve is beyond our control. This fact also
needs to be understood by parents, who should not pressurize their children but
rather boost up their confidence.
Don't Cram, Make Notes
Students should let go off the cramming part as it is not a good method of
studying. Instead of this, they should make short notes while studying.
Cramming everything can result in forgetting everything and making brief notes
can help in remembering all points while revising the subject.
Where to Study?
If the big question of where to study confuses you, the answer to it is very
simple - study in a place where you feel comfortable, relaxed and where you can
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concentrate properly. If you can, study early morning, head to a library or any
place where you find a quiet ambience.
Trust God and Yourself
Students should meditate or pray well before the exam as it helps in relaxing
their mind and also provides immense energy and peace to the mind. And it is much
important that you are confident about yourself of producing splendid result.
Sleep and Eat Well
The biggest mistake students commit during exam time is that they
don't sleep and eat well. They think sleeping is a waste of time. They should
believe in the fact that they need to sleep between 6-8 hours a day. They
also need to take care of their diet. They should try and avoid eat junk food,
and instead include food which supplies continuous energy to their brain for
a longer period of time.
Time to Study
Time is possibly the most important factor. According to a research
conducted, human brain is in its most active state between 5 am to 8 am in
the morning and in the evening between 7 pm to 11 pm. Therefore, students
who study during these timings have the maximum retention power in
comparison with others.
Use Creative Techniques
If students find their subjects boring, they can convert their chapters into
various types of games such as repetition, flash cards and mnemonics. Students
should sit with their notebook and write over and over, draw flash cards with
information on them and go over them regularly, design funny rhymes or word
associations to help remember the points.
Never Cheat in Exam Hall
Students should always be advised by their parents as well their teachers
as to not use any kind of malpractice in exam hall as it may prove to be harmful
for them and their future. If an answer is not known by them, they shouldn't
attempt it as they have to prove no one but themselves.
Write Neat and Present Well
When students write neatly and present their answer sheet in a proper way,
they have more chances of securing high marks. Many times the teacher is not
able to read all the answers but if she gets impressed by the way it has been
presented then it would definitely lead to less deduction of marks.
(https://www.mapsofindia.com/education/how-to-prepare/)
3.Read the text once more and find sentences with the following words
and translate them:
ace
schedule
tough subject
obstacle
pressurize
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boost up
cram
ambience
junk
retention
covert
attempt
EXAM TASK
Write an essay on "My future firm and me"
To write an argumentative essay you should strictly follow the certain
format and rules:
* The essay must be written in a formal (business) style.
• In this type of essay you need to express your thoughts on a given topic,
as well as to bring the opposite to your opinion other people’s point of view and
explain why you disagree with them. Your opinion should be clearly stated and
supported by examples or evidence.
* Your essay must consist of about 200-250 words (minimum - 180
words, maximum - 275)
* The composition should contain such constructions as "In my opinion",
"I think", "I believe”.
* It is necessary to use introductory words and constructions like "On the
one hand, on the other hand"..., word-bundles (Nevertheless, Moreover,
Despite…)
* It is forbidden to use abbreviations such as "I'm", "they're” don't“,”
can't" (otherwise the score for your essay will be reduced)
* The exam essay must have a strict structure, the change of which will
lead to a decrease in the score. It consists of four paragraphs:
1) Introduction
In the introduction, it is necessary to formulate the topic-problem clearly,
pointing out that there are two opposite points of view on the problem (Some
people claim that mobile phones are very useful devices while others argue that
life could be less stressful without them.) and express your opinion without using
too many personal constructions. However, the first sentence should not repeat
the given theme of the composition. We recommend finishing the first paragraph
in such a way: Now I would like to express my point of view on the problem of …
2) Give two or three arguments confirming your point of view, supporting
them with examples or proofs.
In the second paragraph, you should stick to the only one point of view,
for example: Mobile phones in my opinion are very useful devices. Or I consider
the mobile phone to be a harmful and useless invention.
64
It is necessary to give several arguments with evidence in supporting your
Essay
criteria
assessment
(points)
The decision of the
communicative tasks
(content)
Organization of the text
3+3
The task is fully executed:
1.the content reflects all
aspects of the task;
2.styling speech is properly
selected with the goal of the
statement and the recipient;
3.language norms of
politeness are complied .
1.The statement is logical; the
means of logical connection are
used correctly; 2.the text is divided
into paragraphs;
3.the text design corresponds to the
standards adopted in the country of
the studied language.
2
The task is performed:
1.some aspects specified in
the task are not fully
disclosed;
2.there are some violations
of the stylistic design of the
speech;
3.the standards of politeness
accepted in the language are
observed.
1.The statement is mainly logical;
there are some shortcomings in the
use of means of logical
communication; there are some
shortcomings in the division of the
text into paragraphs; there are some
violations in the design of the test.
own opinion
3) Give opposing views (one or two), and explain, why you do not agree
with them. Example: However, some people think that mobile phones not only
keep you in touch with your relatives and friends but also provide you with a
great number of facilities. I can't agree with this statement because…
Your counterarguments to other people's opinions should not repeat the
second paragraph.
4) Conclusion
It is necessary to draw a conclusion, referring to the given in the first
paragraph topic, taking into account that there are two points of view on the
problem, as well as to support your own opinion. "There are different views on
this problem.
I think, that ... considering everything, there are two different points of
view on this problem.
I believe…
Essay criteria assessment:
A) Competence aspects
65
1
The task is not completed:
1.the content does not reflect
all aspects of the task;
2.violation of speech style
is fairly common.
The task is not fully completed:
1.the language standards of
politeness are not fully observed.
0
The task is not done: the
content does not reflect
those aspects specified in the
assignment or does not meet
the required volume.
There is no logic in the construction
of the statements;
the text is not designed in a proper
way.
Points
Lexis
Grammar
Spelling and
punctuation
3
The used vocabulary
corresponds to the
task; there are
practically no
violations in the
vocabulary use.
Grammatical
structures are used in
accordance with the
task. There are
practically no
mistakes.
Spelling mistakes
are absent. The text
is divided into
sentences with
correct punctuation.
2
The used vocabulary
corresponds to the
task, but there are
some inaccuracies in
the use of words or
vocabulary is limited,
but it is used correctly.
There are a number of
grammatical mistakes
but they do not hinder
the text understanding.
Spelling mistakes
are practically not
present. The text is
divided into
sentences with
correct punctuation.
1
An unjustifiably
limited vocabulary has
been used;
there are frequent
violations in the
vocabulary use, it may
make rather difficult to
understand the text.
Either elementarylevel mistakes are
common, or mistakes
are few, but they make
it difficult to
understand the text.
There are a number
of spelling and / or
punctuation
mistakes that make
it a little difficult to
understand the text.
0
A very limited
vocabulary does not
allow the task to be
completed.
Grammar rules are not
observed.
Spelling and
punctuation rules are
not observed.
B)Language aspects
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ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1
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