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Файл:Портфолио для магистрантов. Деловой английский язык. Учебное пособие
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You are trying to present yourself as a professional while making a strong
and lasting impression.
If you're trying to sell yourself to a group of new colleagues, you probably
won't need to tell them about your family life, or anything outside of work that
isn't directly relevant.
4. Set yourself apart from your peers. Present yourself honestly, but
do so in a way that makes your story stand out from all the rest. If you
played an important role in a big project, mention that role. Go further by
extrapolating what you have learned from the experience, and explain what
ideas you have about how the project could be performed more effectively if
it were to be repeated.
You can simultaneously demonstrate your skills and experience, while
presenting yourself as a forward-looking person who is always learning and
developing. For example, you could say, "I spend a lot of time attending app
conventions and conferences so I can learn what audiences are looking for. I
pride myself on staying on the cutting edge of app design."
Try to tie this into your broader outline of your career goals and personal
development.
Revising and Practicing Your Speech
1. Trim your speech down. Some career service advisors recommend
keeping your self-introductory speech as short as two or three sentences. Others
suggest aiming for five to seven minutes in length. If it is not possible to make
your speech this short, or if time permits you to give a longer introduction, you
should still trim down your speech to be as concise, yet informative, as possible.
Make sure that if this is an assignment, you stay within the assigned
guidelines.
If your speech is supposed to be 3-5 minutes, a 7-minute speech and a 2minute speech are equally inappropriate.
If you are giving a brief introductory speech in an interview, be certain
that you don't go over the recommended time.
2. Use short, simple sentences. Remember that your speech is going to
be spoken out loud, and your audience will not be able to go back and re-read
your words if something is confusing. Deliver your speech in such a way that no
one will be uncertain of what you are trying to say.
Avoid long rambling sentences, and use direct and concise prose as much
as possible.
Think about your sentence structure carefully. Reading your speech out
loud will help you determine when you have overly long sentences that need to
be restructured.
3. Practice your speech. You should run through your speech out loud
well before the actual introduction. Practice different inflections and experiment
with how you pace yourself during the speech. You can practice alone by
reading at first, but to get some feedback it's a good idea to perform the speech
in front of a friend, family member or colleague.
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Practicing in front of other people will enable you to gauge whether your
speech captures the interest of your listeners.
Think about which parts of the speech were successful and which parts
weren't.
Try to get as much detailed feedback as possible by asking specific as
well as general questions after your speech.
As well as saying "how did you like the speech?" ask specifically what
parts were the strongest and weakest.
Check that you delivered a clear message by asking your practice
audience what they took away from the speech.
4. Memorize your speech. Know what you're going to say, and how
you're going to say it, well in advance. Although in some instances it is common
practice to read from a piece of paper, try to memorize your speech and read it
with minimal prompts. Presenting without reading a paper can create a stronger
impression of control, knowledge and confidence. It will also help keep your
audience's attention.
If you are staring down at a piece of paper all the time, the audience might
struggle to truly engage with what you are saying.
You can, however, bring an index card with bullet points, just in case
you freeze up. You shouldn't write your whole speech on the card, just the
main points you hope to cover.
Think of the card as a point of reference, rather than a backup for your
speech.
Planning your Speech
1. Determine your audience. If you are writing an introduction for
yourself in a professional setting, you will probably choose a different message,
and use different language, than if you were introducing yourself to peers in a
casual setting. Before you get started on planning your speech, ask yourself the
following questions:
Who is the intended audience?
What is the purpose of my introduction?
What are the expectations others may have?
2. Decide what's relevant. If you had all the time in the world, you could
probably think of a lot of interesting and relevant things to say about yourself.
But the key to a successful self-introduction is being brief and to the point. That
means you will need to decide what are the things that are most important or
relevant for your listeners to know about you. You will need to deliver that
information in the shortest possible length of time.
Stick to one or two main points you want to convey about yourself. You
can always add more if time allows it.
Depending on the audience and function of your speech, you shouldn't
allow the focus to become too narrow. For example, if you're introducing
yourself to a crowd of prospective investors, you'd focus on your skills to build
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their confidence in you. If you're introducing yourself to a general audience say, for a speech class in college - you can be a bit more wide-ranging.
Remember that you're introducing yourself in general, and you want to
present yourself as an interesting and rounded individual.
That doesn't mean you should spend time talking about your love of
baseball when you are introducing yourself in a professional scenario.
3. Consider the purpose and tone. Whenever you plan a speech, you
should always be keenly aware of what your intended goals and outcomes are.
Ask yourself what kind of message you are hoping to convey to your listeners.
Is your self-introduction to network with others professionally, or just casually
(with new friends)?
Are you hoping to win someone over to your point of view with this
introduction, or to inspire/motivate someone to work hard under your
leadership?
All of these will affect the things you say in your introduction and the way
you say them.
Delivering your Speech
1. Try to relax. If you find that you get especially nervous before making
a speech, you might consider using relaxation techniques shortly before you're
due to talk. Find a quiet place and take a few minutes to prepare yourself. Take
some deep breaths, focus on your breathing, and count the seconds that pass as
you breathe in slowly, then exhale slowly.
You can also try some visualization techniques to help ease your
nervousness and give you confidence for your speech.
Imagine the way you will feel when you have finished delivering your
speech and are met with smiling faces and resounding applause. Then channel
that confidence into the actual speech you are about to deliver.
2. Have good body language. It may seem like a minor point, but a
slouching posture could make you appear less confident or less professional, and it
may be distracting to your audience. Stand up straight and try to project a strong
image. You may find it helpful to push your chest out and suck your stomach in a
little to help you keep a straight back, but try to keep it natural-looking.
Avoid crossing your arms or clutching your hands.
Don't stare down at the ground or cling to the table or lecture in front of you.
Make eye contact across the room in a measured and controlled way. Avoid
lingering on one person, but also avoid darting your eyes back and forth restlessly.
Try making eye contact with one person on the left side of the room, then
one person on the right side of the room. Shift across the room, but in a
controlled way that feels natural and relaxed.
3. Don't rush. You don't want to drag out your speech, but you also don't
want to stumble over your words or read so fast that nobody can understand you.
Try to find a balance and speed that you are comfortable with. You need to
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speak slowly enough that everyone can follow along and understand what you're
saying, but not so slowly that it makes your speech lag.
Aim for a comfortable, conversational pace of dialogue.
Practicing your speech in front of other people, or recording it and
listening back are great ways to judge the tempo of your speech.
4. Use humor if you make a mistake. If you make a mistake while
delivering your speech, don't panic. Apologizing profusely draws attention to
your mistakes and makes them seem more significant. Instead, if you feel like
you need to address the mistake, make a humorous remark and then let it go.
This will show comfort and confidence.
Self-deprecating humor can help you come across as humble and likable.
For example, if you've accidentally skipped forward in your speech and have to
circle back, you could say something like, "And now I'm going to cycle back
and tell you something I forgot before. If you wanted to get to know the "real
me," you're seeing it now!"
You can also make a quick, humorous nod to your mistake and move on.
For example, if you come out and you mess up the very first line, you could say
something like, "Wow, excuse me. Here I am so excited to tell you about myself
that I've mixed up all my words. Let me try that again."
Don't be too self-deprecating, however. You are still trying to ensure
people remember you for your strengths and competencies. Move on quickly.
(https://www.wikihow.com/Write-a-Speech-Introducing-yourself)
4. Prepare your own self-presentation. Use this checklist and phrases
1. Introduce yourself (name, surname, occupation).
2. Why have you chosen this profession?
3. Tell about your interests and your career goals together. This will save on
time and convey that your personal interests can serve your professional goals.
4. What is your education or professional training background?
5. What is your purpose on this course? In your opinion, what will this course
will do for you?
Introducing yourself
Good morning everyone.
Let me introduce myself. My name is...
I’m a specialist in…
Introducing your topic
What I’d like to present to you today is…
Today’s topic is…
The subject of my presentation is…
Today I’m going to talk about…
Stating your purpose
The purpose / objective / aim of this presentation is to…
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My objective is to…
Today I’d like to give you an overview of…
Today I’ll be showing you / reporting on…
Structuring the presentation
I’m going to divide my talk into 4 parts.
I’ve divided my presentation into three parts.
In my presentation I’ll focus on three major issues.
Sequencing
First I’ll give you; after that; finally...
Point one deals with… , point two …, and point three…
First, I’ll be looking at …, second…, and third…
I’ll begin / start off by … . Then I’ll move on to …
I’ll end with…
Inviting questions
If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to ask.
I’ll be glad to answer any questions (at the end of my talk).
There will be time for questions after my presentation.
If you have any questions, feel free to interrupt me at any time.
Giving background information
I’ll give you some background information.
Let’s start with the background.
Changing the topic
Right, let’s now move on to…
Ok, I’ll now look at…/ let’s now take a look at…
This leads directly to my next point.
This brings us to the next question.
Referring to the audience’s knowledge
As you know… As you are aware…
Referring to visuals
If you look at the graph…
Could I draw your attention to the chart?
Concluding
To sum up… / So to summarise…
To conclude / in conclusion, I’d like to…
OK, I think that’s everything I wanted to say about…
Ending
Thanks very much. Any there questions?
And now I’ll be happy to answer any questions you may have.
Well, that’s all I have to say. Thanks for listening to my talk.
5. Read the text THE CAREER PORTFOLIO and discuss with your
groupmates if there is new or important information for you.
These words would be useful for you:
transcripts – копии
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appraisals- оценки
internship – дипломная практика
apprenticeship – производственная практика
workshop – тренинг
potential majors – профилирующие дисциплины
performance report – производственный отчет
accomplishments – достижения
military training – военная подготовка
attendance records – журнал посещаемости
customer surveys – опрос клиентов
budgeting - планирование сметы
time management – организация рабочего времени
persistence – настойчивость, упорство
dependability - благонадежность
caring for siblings – забота о родных братьях и сестрах
THE CAREER PORTFOLIO
What is the Career Portfolio?
A career portfolio is a visual representation of your abilities, skills,
capabilities, knowledge, qualities – and it represents your potential.
Physically, it’s a collection of things that represent work-related events in
your life. The portfolio provides “evidence” of your potential by demonstrating
what you accomplished in the past.
Why should you make a Portfolio?
A career Portfolio can help you to do the following:
- Prepare for interviews;
- Prove that you are capable of what you say you are;
- Communicate clearly by allowing you to focus your interview through;
- Demonstrate the results of your work with screen shots and examples of
your work;
- Get you in the habit of documenting your work for that time in the
future when you are job hunting, or maybe trying for that you are a valuable
member of the team;
- Create a personal database to facilitate the creation of a resume;
- Assess your own progress in your development.
What might a Career Portfolio contain?
Schools attended (all – elementary, middle school, technical, college,
university, etc.),
- Transcripts (all),
- Diplomas, certificates, licenses;
- Course descriptions,
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- Assessments, test results, appraisals, grade reports;
- Awards, honor society memberships;
- Internships, apprenticeships, special projects;
- Workshops, seminars, conferences attended;
- Independent learning;
- Special training (military, private institute, business, etc.);
- Information about potential majors;
- Information about potential careers.
Activities
- Leadership positions held,
- Hobbies or interests,
- Participation in team sports,
- Service project participation,
- Volunteer activities,
- Organizations joined (all),
- Public speaking or performances,
- Awards,
- Travels.
Work-Related Activities
- Resume,
- Jobs/ Contracts held (title, description of all duties, supervisor, phone,
address);
- Performance reports, appraisals;
- Accomplishments,
- Military training, citations (complete descriptions of duties, activities);
- Awards,
- Professional licenses/certificates;
- Publications, reports, published articles;
- Training materials,
- Samples of brochures, flyers made;
- Attendance records,
- Organization charts,
- Customer surveys,
- Documentation of accomplishments,
- Computer- related items,
- Major projects completed/ participated in.
Personal Qualities or Strengths
- Strengths (personal qualities that will help you contribute to an employer);
- Teamwork and people skills, problem-solving, budgeting, planning and
organization, time management, energy, discipline, motivation, persistence,
responsibility, dependability, etc.;
- Contributing to your family (teaching, caring for siblings, cooking);
- Helping your friends or working on extra- curricular projects;
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- Raising a family and/or running a household;
- Keeping fit and healthy; being member of sports team.
6. Answer the following questions
Is there any unknown for you information in the text above?
What is the possible structure of the undergraduate’s portfolio?
Are there obligatory parts of any portfolio?
What is the difference between a resume and a portfolio?
COMMUNICATION
7. Discuss with your partner!
1. What does the term “resume” mean?
2. Do you agree with the opinion that to write a resume is a very useful
competence for an undergraduate? Why?
3. Can you make up a resume without any preparations? (Are there any special
rules?)
8. Learn these words and word-combinations before reading the text
HOW TO WRITE A RESUME:
make an application – подать заявление
convey – передавать, выражать
reverse Chronological format – обратный хронологический формат
make a comeback – вернуться
shift – изменить
nonetheless – тем не менее, все же
yield positive results - дать положительный результат
objective – цель
likewise – тоже
concede – передавать
significant accomplishments – значительное достижение
job titles – название должности
stick to it for consistency – придерживаться последовательности
internship – дипломная практика, стажировка
Applicant Tracking Systems – автоматизированная система
управления процессом подбора персонала
numeracy – умение считать
short and to the point – коротко и ясно
take precedence – находиться в преимущественном положении
employment record – трудовой стаж, послужной список
diminish – уменьшаться, сокращаться
meet the requirements – соответствовать требованиям
applicable courses – соответствующие, подходящие курсы
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How to write a Resume
A resume is the most flexible and convenient way to make applications.
It conveys your personal details in the way that presents you in the best
possible light. A RESUME is a marketing document in which you are
marketing yourself! You need to "sell" your skills, abilities, qualifications
and experience to employers.
There is no "one best way" to construct a RESUME; it is your
document and can be structured as you wish. Gather and arrange the
documents, certificates and all the list of information that you might need on
the process of writing your resume. Scan and list all the significant events
and data for quick reference.
Choose appropriate format of your resume. Reverse Chronological
format is the good resume format for traditional and conservative industries
like academe and law and especially suited for those applicants aiming to stay
in the same profession or position. The Functional format on the other hand is
appropriate for new graduates and individuals who want to make a comeback
in their profession.
And for those applicants who want to shift careers or those who have
diverse employment backgrounds, the Combination format is the most
recommended resume format. Nonetheless, regardless of the format, all
resume contain the same information that should be presented and stated very
well to yield positive result.
With an assortment of available job opportunities, choose only those jobs
and positions that would fit on your qualifications and personality. Then, you
need to understand what the company is looking for and what you have to offer
before you go on with your resume. Identify your significant qualifications that
would make you the best candidate for the particular position you wish to apply.
Start with Personal details. Normally these would be your name, address,
date of birth (although with age discrimination laws now in force this isn't
essential), telephone number and e-mail.
Now that you know your career path, the jobs that you want to apply and
the resume format that suits you best, begin your resume with the Objective
Section. Your objective should be based on your career plan and should likewise
concede with what the company needs. In short, establish your objective in such
a way that you can convey to the employer that you are just the right candidate
they're looking for. Mention the exact position you are applying on the
Objective Section to demonstrate clarity.
There are some instances when a separate Summary Section is
recommended, particularly when the applicant have several significant
accomplishments that are relevant to the position being applied. This summary
should consist of brief paragraph of your important qualities to answer the
question why the company should choose you over other applicants. In this case,
put the Summary Section immediately after the Objective.
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After the Objective and/or Summary, the resume is then followed by
Experience Section. Here, you should begin with your job titles, followed by the
company name or vice versa, depending which is more remarkable and must
stick to it for consistency. Include all your work-related experience under this
section including the internships and voluntary works and services. List them in
reverse chronological order and write the dates after each work excluding the
months unless the job is held for less than a year.
Education is written after the Work Experience. Write them just like
what you did in Work Experience Section. Licenses and degrees must be put
ahead of your trainings and certifications. State your major course and awards
but don't include other small commendations unless you just graduate
recently. For those applicants that do not earned their degree yet put the
expected date of completion under the degree.
Affiliations and Organizations are listed after the Education Section. Site
only those that are recent and relevant. You may also put some of your personal
background or interest after the Affiliation Section. Personal Interest, when
properly listed can demonstrate your versatility. But write only those that are
somehow relevant on the company or the positioned being applied.
The final section of the resume can be end by the Reference Section.
However, name and addresses of your reference must not be listed here. Prepare
them in another sheet and present only when being asked. "Reference available
upon request" is the proper statement under the Reference Section.
9. Make up a dialogue about the algorithm of writing your resume.
10. Read this text and say whether you know about resume secrets
and if there is useful information in it
DO YOU KNOW?
The 13th best-kept Resume Secrets
1. Ensure that everything listed on your resume correlates to the job you
are applying to.
2. Your resume should be either one page or two full pages.
3. Your resume should include at least 5 keywords from the job
description.
4. The font on your resume should be easy to read and not too small
(preferably size 12).
5. Your resume should clearly show that you meet at least the minimum
qualifications.
6. Your resume should have a summary section at the very top that shows
that you meet the requirements of the job.
7. Each bullet on your resume should start with a positive action verb.
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