Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Охрана воздушного бассейна. Расчет рассеивания выбросов загрязняющих веществ от одиночного источника. Учебное пособие
.pdf
2. ɊȺɋɑȿɌ
ȼɕȻɊɈɋɈȼ ɈɌ ɄɈɌȿɅɖɇɈɃ
ɉɪɢ ɫɠɢɝɚɧɢɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ, ɠɢɞɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ:
ɡɨɥɚ (ɩɵɥɶ), ɨɤɫɢɞɵ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ʠʝ, ɫɟɪɵ ܵʝ
, ɚɡɨɬɚ ܰʝ
ଶ
. Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹ-
˘
ɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɜ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɯ ɝɚɡɚɯ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɜɢɞɚ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɬɨɩɨɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɫɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɞɧɵɯ
ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɩɪɢ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɹɬ ɩɨ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦ ɢɥɢ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɨɜɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɪɟɞɧɵɯ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ
ɢɯ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ. ȼ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨ-ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦ [10].
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ (ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɱɚ-
ɫɬɢɰ (ɡɨɥɵ), ܵʝ
,ܰʝ˘,ʠʝ) ɩɪɢ ɫɠɢɝɚɧɢɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ.
ଶ
2.1. Ɋɚɫɱɺɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɬɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ (ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ)
ɡɚ ɝɨɞ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ, ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ, ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ
ɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɬɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ (ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ) ɡɚ ɝɨɞ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ ܰʝ
ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ ܵʝ
, ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ʠʝ ɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ
ଶ
(ɥɟɬɭɱɚɹ ɡɨɥɚ ɢ ɤɨɤɫɨɜɵɟ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ) ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɬɥɚ, ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢ-
ɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ʛ
ൌήήͳͲ
୧
ିଷ
, (2.1)
ɝɞɟ ʑ – ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɞɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɤɨɬɟɥ, ɬ/ɝɨɞ;
– ɭɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ, ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ, ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɢ
ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ (ɥɟɬɭɱɚɹ ɡɨɥɚ ɢ ɤɨɤɫɨɜɵɟ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ), ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɢ 1 ɬ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɤɝ/ɬ, ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
ɢ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɬɨɩɨɤ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɵ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (2.3, 2.4, 2.6–2.9) ɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ 2.
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɬɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ (ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ) ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ (ʛ
ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ʛ
ൌʑήݍʐʞήʙˇήͳͲ
ʐʞ
ିଷ
, (2.2)
), ɬ/ɝɨɞ,
ʐʞ
, ɞɢ-
˘
ɢ
21
ɝɞɟ ʙ
ɇɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɤɨɬɥɚ, %
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
ʙ
ˇ
4,241
3,525
3,003
2,607
2,297
2,049
1,846
1,677
ɇɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɤɨɬɥɚ, %
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
ʙ
ˇ
1,534
1,412
1,307
1,215
1,135
1,063
1,000
ேʝ
˘
ൌͲǡͲͲͳͳήߙʡ൬ͳͷǡͶ
ͳͲͲെܴ
ͳͲͲ
൰ήටܳ
ு
ήݍ
ோ
ర
ήܳ
ு
ǡ
(2.3)
– ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɤɨɬɥɚ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ. 2.1;
ˇ
ݍ
– ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɢ 1 ɬ
ʐʞ
ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɤɝ/ɬ, ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɢ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɬɨɩɨɤ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (2.10).
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.1
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ʙ
, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɤɨɬɥɚ
ˇ
ɍɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ (ܰʝ
), ɤɝ/ɬ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɝɨ-
˘
ɪɚɧɢɢ 1 ɬ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
– ɫɥɨɟɜɨɟ ɫɠɢɝɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɨɫɧɢɤɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɚɯ
ɝɞɟ ߙ
– ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɢɡɛɵɬɤɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɬɨɩɤɟ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ʡ
ʹͳ
ൌ
ߙ
ʡ
ʹͳെʝ
ǡ
ଶ
ɡɞɟɫɶ ʝ
ɫɬɜɢɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ߙ
ܴ
– ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɯ ɝɚɡɚɯ ɡɚ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ, %. ɉɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬ-
ଶ
= 2,5;
ʡ
– ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɭɝɥɹ – ɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ ɧɚ ɫɢɬɟ ɫ
ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ ɹɱɟɟɤ 6 ɦɦ, %, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɭ ɧɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ;
– ɧɢɡɲɚɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɆȾɠ/ɤɝ;
ܳ
ு
ݍ
– ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɚ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ, Ɇȼɬ/ɦ2, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ோ
ൌܳʡȀܨ,
ݍ
ோ
ɡɞɟɫɶ ܨ – ɡɟɪɤɚɥɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ (ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
2
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ), ɦ
.
22
– ɫɠɢɝɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɬɨɩɤɚɯ ɤɢɩɹɳɟɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ
ேʝ
˘
ൌͲǡͲͲͳͳήߙʡ൬ͳͷǡͶ
ͳͲͲെܴ
ͳͲͲ
൰ήටܳ
ு
ήݍ
ோ
ర
ήܳ
ு
ήߚ˄ǡ
(2.4)
ʠʝ
ൌଷήܴήܳ
ு
ήቀͳെ
ସ
ͳͲͲ
ቁǡ
(2.7)
ɝɞɟ ߚ
– ɛɟɡɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɵɣ ɜɜɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
˄
ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ߚ
ൌͲǡͲͲͳͺήߜ, (2.5)
˄
ɝɞɟ ߜ – ɞɨɥɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɡɨɧɭ ɮɚɤɟɥɚ (ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɚɯ
ɨɬ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ), ɩɪɢɧɹɬɚ ɩɨ [10], ߜ = 20 % ɨɬ
ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ.
ɍɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ (ܵʝ
), ɤɝ/ɬ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɝɨ-
ଶ
ɪɚɧɢɢ 1 ɬ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
– ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɫɟɪɵ ɜ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɭɸ ɦɚɫɫɭ, %, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ
ɝɞɟ ܵ
ൌͲǡͲʹήܵή൫ͳെߟ
ௌʝ
మ
ǡ
ௌʝ
൯ήͳͲ
మ
ିଷ
, (2.6)
(ɩɪɢɥ. 2);
ǡ
ߟ
– ɞɨɥɹ ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ, ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɥɟɬɭɱɟɣ ɡɨɥɨɣ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ௌʝ
మ
ɩɨ (ɬɚɛɥ. 2.2).
ɍɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ (ʠʝ), ɤɝ/ɬ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɝɨ-
ɪɚɧɢɢ 1 ɬ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ɝɞɟ ݍ
– ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɬɵ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ,
ଷ
%, (ɬɚɛɥ. 2.3);
ܴ – ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɞɨɥɸ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɬɵ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɦ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɯ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ – 1,0;
ɝɚɡɚ – 0,5; ɦɚɡɭɬɚ – 0,65;
– ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɬɵ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, %,
ସ
(ɬɚɛɥ. 2.3).
23
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.2
Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɨ
ߟ
ௌʝ
మ
ǡ
ɗɤɢɛɚɫɬɭɡɫɤɢɣ ɭɝɨɥɶ
0,02
Ȼɟɪɟɡɨɜɫɤɢɟ ɭɝɥɢ Ʉɚɧɫɤɨ-Ⱥɱɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɚ:
– ɞɥɹ ɬɨɩɨɤ ɫ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɦ ɲɥɚɤɨɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟɦ
0,5
– ɞɥɹ ɬɨɩɨɤ ɫ ɠɢɞɤɢɦ ɲɥɚɤɨɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟɦ
0,2
Ⱦɪɭɝɢɟ ɭɝɥɢ Ʉɚɧɫɤɨ-Ⱥɱɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɚɫɫɟɣɧɚ (ɢɪɲɚ-ɛɨɪɨɞɢɧɫɤɢɣ,
ɧɚɡɚɪɨɜɫɤɢɣ, ɚɛɚɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ, ɛɨɝɨɬɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ, ɢɬɚɬɫɤɢɣ, ɛɚɪɚɧɞɚɬɫɤɢɣ,
ɱɟɪɧɨɝɨɪɫɤɢɣ, ɚɪɬɟɦɨɜɫɤɢɣ, ɯɚɪɚɧɨɪɫɤɢɣ, ɛɢɤɢɧɫɤɢɣ):
– ɞɥɹ ɬɨɩɨɤ ɫ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɦ ɲɥɚɤɨɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟɦ
0,2
– ɞɥɹ ɬɨɩɨɤ ɫ ɠɢɞɤɢɦ ɲɥɚɤɨɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟɦ
0,05
ɍɝɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ
0,1
ɋɥɚɧɰɵ ɷɫɬɨɧɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɥɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞɫɤɢɟ
0,8
ɋɥɚɧɰɵ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɣ
0,5
Ɍɨɪɮ
0,15
Ɇɚɡɭɬ
0,02
Ƚɚɡ
0
ȼɢɞ ɬɨɩɨɤ ɢ ɤɨɬɥɨɜ
Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɨ
ݍ
ଷ
, %
ସ
, %
1
2
3
4
ɋ
ɢ ɪɭɱɧɵɦ
Ȼɭɪɵɟ ɭɝɥɢ
2,0
8,0
Ʉɚɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɝɥɢ
2,0
7,0
Ⱥɧɬɪɚɰɢɬɵ AM ɢ Ⱥɋ
1,0
10,0
Ɍɨɩɤɢ ɫ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ
Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɢɣ ɚɧɬɪɚɰɢɬ
0,5
13,5/10
ɒɚɯɬɧɨ-ɰɟɩɧɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ
Ɍɨɪɮ ɤɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ
1,0
2,0
Ɍɨɩɤɢ
ɡɚɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ
ɍɝɥɢ ɬɢɩɚ ɤɭɡɧɟɰɤɢɯ
0,5–1
5,5/3
ɍɝɥɢ ɬɢɩɚ ɞɨɧɟɰɤɨɝɨ
0,5–1
6/3,5
Ȼɭɪɵɟ ɭɝɥɢ
0,5–1
5,5/4
Ⱦɨɥɹ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɫɟɪɵ, ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɥɟɬɭɱɟɣ ɡɨɥɨɣ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.3
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɬɨɩɨɤ ɤɨɬɥɨɜ ɦɚɥɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɟɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɣ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ
ɡɚɛɪɨɫɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
ɫ ɩɧɟɜɦɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɢ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ
ɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ
24
Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ 2.3
1
2
3
4
Ɍɨɩɤɢ ɫ ɩɧɟɜɦɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ
ɡɚɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ
0,5–1
5,5/3
Ȼɭɪɵɟ ɭɝɥɢ
0,5–1
6,5/4,5
Ɍɨɩɤɢ
ɩɧɟɜɦɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ
ɡɚɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ
ɧɟɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɣ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ
Ⱦɨɧɟɰɤɢɣ ɚɧɬɪɚɰɢɬ
0,5–1
13,5/10
Ȼɭɪɵɟ ɭɝɥɢ ɬɢɩɚ
– ɩɨɞɦɨɫɤɨɜɧɵɯ
0,5–1
9/7,5
– ɛɨɪɨɞɢɧɫɤɢɯ
0,5–1
6/3
ɍɝɥɢ ɬɢɩɚ ɤɭɡɧɟɰɤɢɯ
0,5–1
5,5/3
ɒɚɯɬɧɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɫ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨɣ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ
Ⱦɪɨɜɚ, ɞɪɨɛɥɟɧɵɟ ɨɬɯɨɞɵ,
ɨɩɢɥɤɢ, ɬɨɪɮ ɤɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ
2
2
Ɍɨɩɤɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɪɨɜɚ, ɳɟɩɚ, ɨɩɢɥɤɢ
1
4/2
ɋɥɨɟɜɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɨɜ
ɩɚɪɨɩɪɨ
ɛɨɥɟɟ 2 ɬ/ɱ
3
3
Ʉɚɦɟɪɧɵɟ
ɲɥɚɤɨɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟɦ
Ʉɚɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɝɥɢ
0,5
5/3
Ȼɭɪɵɟ ɭɝɥɢ
0,5
3/1,5
Ɏɪɟɡɟɪɧɵɣ ɬɨɪɮ
0,5
3/1,5
Ʉɚɦɟɪɧɵɟ
Ɇɚɡɭɬ
0,5
0,5
Ƚɚɡ (ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ,
ɩɨɩɭɬɧɵɣ)
0,2
0
Ⱦɨɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ
1,0
0
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ
ସ
– ɩɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɭɧɨɫɚ; ɦɟɧɶɲɢɟ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ
ସ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ 25–35 ɬ/ɱ
ɢ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ
ɫ
ɢ
ɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɬɨɩɤɢ ɫ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɦ
Ʉɚɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɝɥɢ
ɗɫɬɨɧɫɤɢɟ ɫɥɚɧɰɵ
ɬɨɩɤɢ
– ɩɪɢ ɨɫɬɪɨɦ ɞɭɬɶɟ ɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ ɭɧɨɫɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɥɨɜ
ɍɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɥɟɬɭɱɟɣ ɡɨɥɵ, ɤɝ/ɬ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɢ 1 ɬ
ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ൌͲǡͲͳήߙʢʜήʏʟήͳͲ
ʖʚ
ିଷ
, (2.8)
25
ɝɞɟ ߙ
ʖʚൌͲǡͲͳήସή
ܳ
ு
͵ʹǡͺ
ήͳͲ
ିଷ
(2.9)
Ɍɢɩ ɬɨɩɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ
ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ߙ
ʢʜ
Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɫ Ɍɒɍ
0,95
Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɫ ɀɒɍ
0,7–0,85
ɉɨɥɭɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɫ ɀɒɍ
0,6–0,8
Ⱦɜɭɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ
0,5–0,6
Ɍɨɩɤɢ ɫ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɬɨɩɤɚɦɢ
0,2–0,4
Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɰɢɤɥɨɧɧɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ
0,1–0,15
Ƚɚɡɨɦɚɡɭɬɧɵɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ
1,0
– ɞɨɥɹ ɡɨɥɵ, ɭɧɨɫɢɦɨɣ ɝɚɡɚɦɢ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɥɚ (ɞɨɥɹ ɡɨɥɵ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɜ ɭɧɨɫɟ),
ʢʜ
ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ (ɬɚɛɥ. 2.4);
ʟ
ʏ
– ɡɨɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɭɸ ɦɚɫɫɭ, %, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ (ɩɪɢɥ. 2).
ɍɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɤɫɨɜɵɯ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ, ɤɝ/ɬ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪ-
ɦɭɥɟ:
ɝɞɟ ͵ʹǡͺ – ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ, ɆȾɠ/ɤɝ.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.4
ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ߙ
ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɬɨɩɨɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ
ʢʜ
ɍɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ, ɤɝ/ɬ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ൌ˔ʐʞήܸˆήͳͲ
ʐʞ
ିଷ
, (2.10)
ɝɞɟ ˔
– ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ ɜ ɫɭɯɢɯ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɯ ɝɚɡɚɯ ɤɨɬɥɨɜ, ɦɝ/ɧɦ3.
ʐʞ
ܸ
ൌܸ
ˆ
ሺߙʡെͳሻήܸെܸ
ˆ
, ɧɦ3/ɤɝ, (2.11)
ுమʝ
ൌͲǡͲͺͺͻή൫˔ʟͲǡ͵ͷͺήܵ
ܸ
൯ͲǡʹͷήʜʟെͲǡͲ͵͵͵ήʝ
ˑ˓Ǥାˍ
ʟ
, ɧɦ3/ɤɝ, (2.12)
ܸ
ൌͲǡͳͳͳήʜʟܹʟͲǡͲͳήܸ
ுమʝ
, ɧɦ3/ɤɝ, (2.13)
26
ܸ
ˆ
ൌͳǡͺή
˔
ʟ
Ͳǡ͵ͷήܵ
ˑ˓Ǥାˍ
ͳͲͲ
ͲǡͻήܸͲǡͺή
ܰ
ʟ
ͳͲͲ
ܸ
ுమʝ
ǡːˏଷȀˍˆǡ
(2.14)
ɝɞɟ ˔ʟǡܵ
ʛ
௫
ൌ
ݍ
ήʑ˚
͵ͲͲ
(2.15)
ʛ
ʐʞ
௫
ൌ
ݍ
ʐʞήʑ˚ήʙˇ
͵ͲͲ
ǡ
(2.16)
ˑ˓Ǥାˍ
ǡʜʟǡʝʟǡܰ
ʟ
– ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ, ɫɟɪɵ (ɨɪɝɚ-
ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɤɨɥɱɟɞɚɧɧɨɣ), ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɚ, ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɢ ɚɡɨɬɚ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɦɚɫɫɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, %.
ɍɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ, ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ, ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ, ɡɨɥɵ
ɥɟɬɭɱɢɯ, ɤɨɤɫɨɜɵɯ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ ɢ ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚɯ ɉ2.1–ɉ2.2
ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 2.
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ, ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ, ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɥɟɬɭɱɚɹ ɡɨɥɚ ɢ ɤɨɤ-
௫
ɫɨɜɵɟ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ) (ʛ
), ɝ/ɫ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ, ɝ/ɫ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ɝɞɟ ʑ
– ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɤɝ/ɱ.
˚
2.2. Ɋɚɫɱɺɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ
2.2.1. Ɋɚɫɱɺɬ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɨɜ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ (ʛ
ɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ʛ
ɝɞɟ ʛ
– ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ, ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɝ/ɫ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɯ
ேʝ˘
ேʝ
ൌʛ
˘
ேʝ˘
ήሺͳെߚ
ʑ
ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (2.1) ɢ (2.15);
ߚ
– ɛɟɡɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɟɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɞɵɦɨ-
ɜɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ. Ⱦɥɹ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ:
ʑ
), ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɝ/ɫ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚ-
ேʝ
˘
ሻ
, (2.17)
27
ߚ
ൌͳെͲǤͲͷήξݎ, (2.18)
ɝɞɟ ݎ – ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɪɟɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ, %.
ɉɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɪɟɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ʛ
ʑ
ேʝ
ൌʛ
˘
ேʝ˘
.
ɋɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɟ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɵ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɚɡɨɬɚ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɚɡɨɬɚ
ɜ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞ (ʛ
ʑ
) ɢ ɨɤɫɢɞ (ʛ
ேʝ
మ
ʑ
) ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:
ேʝ
ʛ
ʑ
ൌͲǡͲͺήʛ
ேʝ
మ
ʑ
, (2.19)
ேʝ
˘
ʛ
ʑ
ൌͲǡͳ͵ήʛ
ேʝ
ʑ
. (2.20)
ேʝ
˘
ɑɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɭɬɨɱɧɹɬɶɫɹ
ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨ-ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ [10].
2.2.2. Ɋɚɫɱɺɬ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɨɜ ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ
ʑ
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɞɢɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɫɟɪɵ (ʛ
), ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɝ/ɫ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚ-
ௌʝ
మ
ɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ʛ
ǡǡ
ɝɞɟ ߟ
– ɞɨɥɹ ɨɤɫɢɞɨɜ ɫɟɪɵ, ɭɥɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɦɨɤɪɨɦ ɡɨɥɨɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟ (ɞɥɹ ɫɭ-
ௌʝ
మ
ɯɢɯ ɡɨɥɨɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ߟ
ௌʝ
ǡǡ
= 0).
మ
ʑ
ௌʝ
ൌʛ
మ
ௌʝ
మ
ή൫ͳെߟ
ǡǡ
൯, (2.21)
ௌʝ
మ
ɉɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɨɱɢɫɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɭɯɢɯ ɩɵ-
ɥɟɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ʛ
ௌʝ
ൌʛ
మ
ௌʝ
.
మ
ʑ
2.2.3. Ɋɚɫɱɺɬ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɨɜ ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ
ʑ
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɤɫɢɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ (ʛ
), ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɝ/ɫ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵ-
ʠʝ
ɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ (2.1) ɢ (2.22):
ʛ
ʑ
ʠʝ
ൌʛ
. (2.22)
ʠʝ
2.2.4. Ɋɚɫɱɺɬ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɨɜ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ
ʑ
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ (ʛ
), ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɝ/ɫ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚ-
ʡʐ
ɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:
28
ʛ
ʑ
ൌሺʛʚʖʛ
ʡʐ
ʙʝ
ሻ
ή൫ͳെߟ
൯, (2.23)
ˆˑ˖
ʛ
ʑ
ൌʛʚʖή൫ͳെߟ
ʚʖ
൯, (2.24)
ˆˑ˖
ʑ
ʛ
ɝɞɟ ʛ
ʛ
ߟ
– ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɡɨɥɵ ɥɟɬɭɱɟɣ, ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɝ/ɫ;
ʚʖ
– ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɤɨɤɫɨɜɵɯ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ, ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɝ/ɫ;
ʙʝ
– ɞɨɥɹ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ, ɭɥɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɩɵɥɟɝɚɡɨɨɱɢɫɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɯ, %,
ˆˑ˖
ൌʛʙʝή൫ͳെߟ
ʙʝ
(ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ 75–85 %, (ɩɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ߟ
൯, (2.25)
ˆˑ˖
= 0).
ˆˑ˖
2.2.5. Ɋɚɫɱɺɬ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɨɜ ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ (ʛ
ʑ
), ɬ/ɝɨɞ, ɝ/ɫ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ-
ʐʞ
ɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ʛ
ʑ
ൌʛʐʞή൫ͳെߟ
ʐʞ
ήܼ൯, (2.26)
ˆˑ˖
ɝɞɟ ܼ – ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɥɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɵɥɟɝɚɡɨɨɱɢɫɬɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɛɟɧɡ(ɚ)ɩɢɪɟɧɚ:
– ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɩɵɥɟɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɦ ݐ 185 °ɋ:
ܼ = 0,8 – ɞɥɹ ɫɭɯɢɯ ɩɵɥɟɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ;
ܼ = 0,9 – ɞɥɹ ɦɨɤɪɵɯ ɩɵɥɟɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ;
– ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɩɵɥɟɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɦ ݐ൏185
°ɋ:
ܼ = 0,7 – ɞɥɹ ɫɭɯɢɯ ɩɵɥɟɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ;
ܼ = 0,8 – ɞɥɹ ɦɨɤɪɵɯ ɩɵɥɟɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ.
29
3. ɊȺɋɑȿɌ
ʜ
ൌ
ඩ
ʛ
൫ʞʓʙ
ˏ˓ǡെʠʣ
൯
ή݊ʙήʏήܨή
ඨ
݊
˕˓
ܸʒʓήοʡ
య
ǡ
(3.1)
ɆɂɇɂɆȺɅɖɇɈ ȾɈɉɍɋɌɂɆɈɃ ȼɕɋɈɌɕ
ȾɕɆɈȼɈɃ ɌɊɍȻɕ
Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚɹ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɞɵɦɨɜɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚ-
ɟɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ʠ
ɫɬɢɦɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ (ɉȾɄ) ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɮɨɧɨɜɨɣ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ʠ
ɝɢɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
ɪɚɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɩɭ-
ˏ
ʣ
ɨɬ ɞɪɭ-
ɝɞɟ ʛ
– ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɨɜ i-ɝo ɜɪɟɞɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɝ/ɫ
(ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩ. 2);
ʠ
– ɮɨɧɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ i-ɝo ɜɪɟɞɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ
ʣ
ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ, ɦɝ/ɦ3 (ɩɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɪɚɜɧɨɣ
ɧɭɥɸ);
ʏ – ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɢɣ ɨɬ ɦɟɬɟɨɪɨ-
ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɟɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɞɧɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɜ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɦ
ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ (ɬɚɛɥ. 3.1);
ܨ – ɛɟɡɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɨɫɟɞɚɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɞɧɵɯ
ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɜ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ (ɬɚɛɥ. 3.2);
ʞʓʙ
– ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ-ɪɚɡɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ i-ɝo ɜɪɟɞ-
ˏ˓ǡ
ɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɩɪɢɡɟɦɧɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ, ɦɝ/ɦ3, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ
(ɬɚɛɥ. 3.3);
݊
– ɱɢɫɥɨ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɯ ɬɪɭɛ ɤɨɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ (ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɚ ɬɪɭɛɚ);
˕˓
ܸ
– ɨɛɴɟɦɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɞɵɦɨɜɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɭɫɬɶɟ ɞɵɦɨɜɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ, ɦ3/ɫ;
ʒʓ
οʡ – ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɢɡ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɝɨ-
ɪɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, °ɋ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɨ
ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
οʡൌݐ
˖˘െݐːǤ˅Ǥ
, (3.2)
ɝɞɟ ݐ
– ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɭɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ, °ɋ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɚɹ ɢɡ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ
˖˘
ɤɨɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ;
30
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]