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Файл:Нефтегазовое дело. Бурение скважин (на английском языке) = Oil and gas drilling engineering through English. Учебное пособие.pdf
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- •2) in ecological problem the humanity reached the point of no return;
- •5) the pollution will stop after the Earth runs out of petroleum?
- •4. Reading without dictionary. Supplementary texts
- •Text 1
- •Oil well fire
- •Due to recent advances in technology as well as environmental concerns, many wells today are capped while they burn. High-powered water sprays and Purple K dry chemical (a potassium bicarbonate mixture) are used to extinguish the wells.
- •There are several techniques used to put out oil well fires, which vary by resources available and the characteristics of the fire itself.
- •Techniques include:
- •Text 2
- •2. The Iranian nationalization deprived the company of two-thirds of its population.
- •3. The company's future was secured at the beginning of the 1960s by major oil discoveries in Alaska and the North Sea.
- •6. Another sale of selected worldwide oil and gas interests and assets brought in $1.3 million.
- •7. Though all employees continued to suffer low morale, analysts and investors alike praised the "dramatic strides" made by BP in the early 1990s.
- •9. Of the $4 billion in assets targeted for divestment were BP Nutrition and the company's controlling stake in BP Autralia.
- •10. In October 1987 the government under Prime Minister Tony Blair sold its remaining shares in the company as part of a privatization program.
- •The British Petroleum Company
- •4. Reading without dictionary. Supplementary texts

As a result of Project 1990's shortcomings, many employees lost faith in
it, according to a 1991 internal survey. Horton's personal abrasiveness and tendency to dictate, rather than cultivate, change earned him an unflattering nickname: "The Hatchet." He was forced to resign on June 25, 1992, after BP sustained its firs t-ever quarterly losses. Sales had slid from $66.4 billion in 1990 to
$51.9 billio n in 1992, and profits declined from $3.2 billion to an annual loss of
£458 million ($811 million).
Horton's role was split between Lord Ashburton, the nonexecutive director who had led the mutiny, and Sir David Simon, who advanced from chief
operating officer to chief executive officer. Ironically, however, Simon and
Ashburton soon found that they needed to accelerate, not reverse, Horton's
plan. First, they organized the company's interests into three primary divisions:
BP Exploration, BP Oil, and BP Chemicals. The new organizational scheme
allowed the parent to better analyze and pinpoint underperforming and noncore
assets with a view to improvement or elimination. Of the $4 billion in assets
targeted for divestment were BP Nutrition and the company's controlling stake
in BP Canada. The company also planned to reduce debt by $1 billion annually
and invest $ 5 billion per year on capita l pr oj ect s.
From 1993 to 1995, BP cut another 9,000 people from the payroll, reducing employment to less than 54,000 by the end of 1996. The ongoing cuts
(which were expected to bring employment down to 50,000) brought home a
stern reality; as an unnamed source told Oil & Gas Journal in 1996 , "There is
no doubt among staff that BP is a lean and mean machine these days, and not
the Rolls-Royce among oil companies it once thought itself." Ashburton and
Simon also halved BP's "fat-cat" divide nd, a measure Horton had been reluctant
to take.
Reorganization efforts also focused on the troubled American subsidiary,
BP Oil, which contributed more than $20 million of the parent company's 1992
loss. Cost-cutting measures at the subsidiary ran the gamut from selling 300
California and Florida gas stations to employee buyouts eliminating 600 to 700
jobs, to the close scrutinization of tr avel vouchers.
BP also used strategic partnerships to cut the cost of doing business
around the world. In 1996, for example, the company merged its European refining and marketing op erations with those of Mobil Co rporation. A joint venture with China's Shanghai Petrochemical Company expanded BP's chemical
interests in Asia while limiting the company's liabilities. The company hoped to
target Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe for new downstream operations. In
1997, BP announced that it would build its first service statio ns in Japan.
Though some employees continued to suffer low morale, analysts and
investors alike praised the "dramatic strides" made by BP in the early 1990s.
Analysts at Morgan Stanley & Co. International Ltd.'s London office called BP
121

a "big green cash machine" in their fall 1995 report on the oil company. Aided
Curiously enough
Как ни странно
Fortunately
По счастливой случайности
Strange enough
Удивительно что
Surprisingly
Неожиданным образом
Unfortunately
К сожалению
As a rule
Как правило
At best
В лучшем случае
At least
По крайней мере
At any rate
Во всяком случае
Essentially
В основном
Generally speaking
Вообще говоря
In a broad sense
В широком смысле
In a sense
В известном смысле
In particular
В особенности
Largely
Преимущественно
Mainly
Главным образом
More or less
Более или менее
Particularly
В частности
To a certain extent
До некоторой степени
To say nothing of
Не говоря уже
To say the least
По меньшей мере
Strictly spe aking
Строго говоря
in part by oil price increases, sales grew from £33.3 billion ($51.9 billion) in
1992 to a record £44.7 billion ($76.6 billion) in 1996, while the latter year's net,
at £2.6 billion ($4 billion), also set a new benchmark.
Having achieved the goals set out in the early 1990s, BP chief executive
officer E.J.P. Browne (who advanced to that office in 1996) established new
targets for the waning years of the twentieth century. He pledged to add another
$1.5 billion to the bottom line, to continue to increase the dividend through
earnings growth, to reign in debt to less than $ 8 billion, and to pursue on going
productivi ty increases.
(abridged from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Persian_Oil_Company)
5. Writing. In order not to speak primitive (or baby) English you are
to know and use spec ial vocabulary to connect two or more parts of a large
statement
A) vocabulary used to express positive or negative information
B) vocabulary used for emphasize and make more precise of separate
parts of a state ment:
122

C) vocabular y used to intr oduce additional explanations to a statement:
In other words
Другими словами
In plain words
Просто говоря
More properly
Точнее
More simply
Проще говоря
To be more exact
Говоря точнее
So to say
Так сказать
It has been recognized that
Общепризнано, что
It is common knowledge that
Общеизвестно, что
It is generally realized that
Всем известно, что
It is well known that
Все знают, что
D) vocabulary used to state a ge neral fact or idea:
Exercise. Translate these sentences using the v ocabulary
1. Всем известно, что Газпром играет важную роль в экономике
России. Говоря точнее, это крупнейшая газовая компания страны.
2. По меньшей мере половина Европы зависит от российского газа,
главным образом – Украина.
3. В лучшем случае запасов газа в российских месторождениях хватит еще на столетие, короче говоря – в России больше газа, чем где-либо
еще. Удивительно, что цена на газ столь высока.
1. Вообще говоря, трудоустройство в Роснефть ведет к большим до-
ходам, в частности, в первые пять лет активного карьерного роста.
2. В широком смысле природный газ – смесь различных углеводо-
родов, в основном метана, этана, пропана, бутана.
6. Amusement corner, or no political correctness Read the petro-
leum anecdotes and have fun
Gazprom branch
grow fur
thane. Gazprom is the sponsor of this scientific pr oject
lines
upon a time there was the Titan planet. There were methane rivers and propane
shores…
• According to economic analysis, Russia gets more and more profitable
• Gas prices go up. Inhabitants of some ancient Soviet republics over-
• Titan, Saturn’s satellite, is going to be explored and examined for me-
• In case of war Gazprom transports abroad nerve gas through its pipe-
• Using electrical boi ler you “show the fig” to Ga zprom
• In case of insomnia Gazprom employees listen to the fairy tale: once
123

Barack Obama likes to swim in Mexican Gulf – no one can see him
•
swimming there
• A cu isine innovation known as “Mexi can Gulf”: seafood with engine
oil
• In 2010 the USA got their own “Blac k Sea”
• Blondes do not read glamour journals, for example, “Crude oil pipe-
line”
• Water in Mexican Gulf costs 100$ a barrel
124

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ
Актуальность предлагаемого учебного пособия несомненна, поскольку нефтегазовая индустрия в России является одной из наиболее
эффективно развивающейся и востребованной в условиях современной
экономики в стране и за ее пределами, что предъявляет многочисленные
требования к специалистам данной области, уровню их профессиональ-
ной и языковой компетентности и конкурентоспособности.
Предлагаемое пособие способствует закреплению и совершенство-
ванию навыков чтения, а также устного и письменного перевода и обсуждения профессионально-ориентированных аутентичных текстов на совре-
менном английском языке. Тексты, вошедшие в состав пособия, актуаль-
ны по показателю познавательной ценности и содержат специальную
лексику. Тематические тексты в пределах модуля связаны по своему содержанию с общей тематикой, при этом дублирование текстов исключе-
но. Рубрики модуля логически связаны между собой и с обсуждаемой
в данном модуле темой, лексическое и грамматическое наполнение текстов и заданий для самоконтроля логически обосновано и способствует
достижению поставленных в начале модуля целей. Каждый модуль завершается корпусом анекдотов нефтегазовой тематики на английском
языке для разрядки ситуации и внесения разнообразия в учебный процесс.
Содержание учебного и учебно-методического материала данного
пособия соответствует целям учебной дисциплины «профессиональный
иностранный язык», а также требованиям образовательного стандарта
и современным научным представлениям по области знаний нефтегазовой
отрасли, отвечает требованиям, предъявляемым к учебным пособиям.
CONCLUSION
The tutorial given is topical due to the fact that oil and gas drilling engineering industry is one of the most dynamically developing and is really in demand in modern domestic and international economy. To be highly qualified
and competitive specialists oil and gas drilling engineers has to have technically professional skills a nd good English language knowledge.
The tutorial given contributes to the improvement and consolidation of
reading, writing, translating and interpreting, discussing of contemporary authentic technical texts in English. Texts composing the tutorial do not understudy one another, they are topical according to the criterion of the cognitive
value and have prof es si ona l terminology, texts are correlated to the modul e top-
125

ic. Rubrics of modules are logically interrelated. Grammar, professional vocabulary and exercises for self-sustained learning are substantiated and promote
achievements of goals set at the beginning of the module. Each module ends
with oil and gas engineering anecdotes for the sake of defusing the situation
and diversif ying the lear ning process.
Educational and teaching material content of the tutorial fits the goals of
the discipline “Professional English”; educational standards’ requirements and
modern scientific ideas on oil and gas engineering; it fits requirements for tutorials.
126

REFERENCES
1. Минакова, Т.В. Английский язык для аспирантов и соискателей :
учеб. пособие / Т.В. Минакова. – Оренбург : ГОУ ОГУ, 2005 – 103 с.
2. Рубцова, М.Г. Чтение и перевод английской научной и технической литературы / М.Г. Рубцова. – Изд. 2-е испр. и доп. – М. : АСТ; Астрель, 2004. – 383 с.
3. Paul Bommer. A prime of oilwell drilling. University of Texas, 2008.
4. http://attemptnwin.com/answers/what-is-meant-by-petroleum-whowas-the-first-to-drill-crude-oil/.
5. http://www.adventuresinenergy.org/Exploration-andProduction/Extracting-Oil-and-Natural-Gas.html.
6. http://www.chinaoilequipments.com/Petroleum/Keywords/VibratingMotor/Results_10.html.
7. http://www.circorpowerprocess.com/brands/.
8. http://www. interstanda rt.ru / astm .htm
9. http://www.oilgasarticles.com/articles/9/1/Offshore-ProductionPlatforms.
10. http://www.oilgasarticles.com/articles/9/1/Offshore-ProductionPlatforms.
11. http://www.oilprimer.com/oil-industry-production.html.
12. http://www.oilru.com/or/45/945/.
13. http://www.petroleumhistory.org/OilHistory/pages/Cable/cable.html.
14. http://www.studfiles.ru/preview/4616339/.
15. http://www.utexas.edu/ce/petex.html
16. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Persian_Oil_Company.
17. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_explosion.
18. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_Well.
19. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_fluid.
20. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_rig.
21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineer.
22. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraction_of_petroleum.
23. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas.
24. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_drilling.
25. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_platform.
26. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_platform.
27. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_platform.
28. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_spill.
29. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_well_fire.
30. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_engineering.
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31. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_industry.
32. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbodrill.
33. https://postamericana.wordpress.com/tag/oil-well/.
34. https://www.rosneft.com/business/.
128

APPENDIX
№
English
Russian
1
Hydraulic accumulation
Гидравлические аккумуляторы
2
Annular blow out pr e ve nt or
Превентор универсальный
гидравлический (ПУГ)
3
Blowout preve nt or st a ck
Блок противовыбросовых превенторов
4
Brace
Обвязка вышки
5
Cathead
Шпилевая катушка
6
Catline boom
Стрела натужного троса
7
Cellar
Шахта устья скважины
8
Choke maniford
Штуцерный манифольд
9
Crown block
Кронблок
10
Crown platform(crow’ s nest)
Подкронблочная площадка вышки
11
Degasser
Дегазатор
12
Derrick (mast)
Буровая вышка
13
Desanders and de si lters
Пескоотделители и илоотделители
14
Dog house
Бытовка
15
Drawworks
Буровая лебедка
16
Driller’s console
Пульт бурильщика
17
Drill (derrick) floor
Рабочая площадка бурового станка
18
Drilling line
Буровой канат
19
Drill pipe
Бурильные трубы
20
Duck’s nest
Кронблочная площадка
21
Elevators
Элеватор
22
Fingers
Пальцы для свечей
23
Fuel tank
Емкость для топлива
24
Gerontimo line
Трос для аварийной эвакуации верхового
рабочего
25
Girt
Пояс вышки
26
Housting line
Трос лебедки
27
Hook
Буровой крюк
28
Kelly
Ведущая труба
29
Leg
Опора вышки
30
Monkey boar d
Балкон верхового рабочего
31
Mouse hole
Шурф для свечей
32
Mud dischar ge li ne
Линия для закачки бурового раствора
33
Mud-gas separator
Газосепаратор для бурового раствора
34
Mud (rotary) hose
Буровой шланг
35
Mud pumps (hogs)
Буровые насосы
129

36
Mud return line
Линия для выхода бурового раствора
37
Mud tanks (pits)
Емкости для бурового раствора
38
Pigpen
Перила
39
Pipe racks
Стеллажи для труб
40
Pipe ramp (V-door)
Мостки для сброса и подъема труб на
площадку
41
Prime movers
Первичные двигатели (генераторы)
42
Pulsation dampeners
Гасители пульсаций
43
Ram blowout preventors
Плашечные противовыбросные
превенторы
44
Rat hole
Шурф для квадрата
45
Reserve pit
Запасной амбар для бурового раствора
46
Reserve tank s
Запасные емкости
47
Rotary tabl e
Роторный стол
48
Shale shakers
Вибросита
49
Shock hose
Шланг-амортизатор
50
Stairways
Лестница
51
Standpipe
Стояк для бурового шланга
52
Substructure
Подвышечное основание
53
Swivel
Вертлюг
54
Power tongs
Силовой ключ
55
Traveling bloc k s
Талевый блок
56
Trip tank
Емкость для долива скважины
при подъеме труб
57
Water table
Отверстие в подкронблочной площадке
130
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