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Файл:Английский язык для филологов. Учебное пособие
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81
Ex. 4. Translate the sentences with the Formal Subject from
English into Russian. Comment on the peculiarities of their translation:
1. The painting shows the intimate contact between a mother and
child.
2. The picture portrays the drowsy face and flushed cheeks of the
child.
3. This work depicts the solidly modeled forms of the hands and face
of the child.
4. The painting by Cassatt depicts modern life.
5. This still life depicts a beautiful vase with yellow flowers.
6. This tender picture by Morisot shows her sister Edma, gazing at her
sleepy daughter.
7. His canvases depict topical themes.
8. This scene, shown at the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874,
depicts Degas’s friend Paul Valpinçon and his family at the races.
9. Each picture of Degas shows a self-contained and self-absorbed
world.
10. This picture by Renoir depicts a woman combing her hair.
Ex. 5. Understanding the Text
Answer as many questions as you can without looking at the text.
Discuss your answers with a partner:
1. Like Renoir, she became highly skilled in compositions that
focused on
b) the figure
c) the modern life
d) rural scenes
e) ballet
2. She was born into
a) poor family
b) well-to-do family
c) famous family
d) very rich bourgeois family
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3. Cassatt studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in
Philadelphia between
a) 1861 and 1865
b) 1860 and 1865
c) 1863 and 1866
d) 1861 and 1864
4. She eventually settled
a) in France
b) in London
c) in Italy
d) in the USA
5. The realism of the figure paintings she exhibited at the Salons of
the early and mid-1870s attracted the attention of
a) Degas.
b) Renoir
c) Monet
d) Pissarro
Ex. 6. Answer the following questions:
1. In what compositions did Marry Cassatt become highly skilled?
2. What kind of family was Cassatt born into?
3. Where did she study between 1861 and 1865?
4. What did attract attention of Edgar Degas in her pictures?
5. What made her one of the group’s staunchest supporters?
6. When did she paint “Mother and Child”?
7. What does this painting show?
8. Did M. Cassatt retain her connections in the USA?
83
Ex. 7. Paraphrasing
Show that you have grasped the following ideas of the representative
of functionalism by restating them in your own words. Try to express each
idea as clearly and concisely as possible:
Original: Her distaste for what she called the tyranny of the Salon jury
system made her one of the group’s staunchest supporters.
Sample Paraphrasing: She eschewed the system of the Salon and
became a strong supporter of the Impressionists Movement.
1. Like Renoir, she became highly skilled in compositions that
focused on the figure.
2. Cassatt focused her artistic career on the world she knew best: the
domestic and social life of upper-middle-class women.
3. The painting shows the intimate contact between a mother and
child after a bath and just before the child falls asleep.
4. The drowsy face and flushed cheeks of the child and the weight of
its limbs have a natural quality to them.
5. Cassatt elevates this small vignette of modern life into a homage to
motherhood.
Ex. 8. Write your impression about this painting. Here is an
example:
To my mind, Mother and Child created by Mary Cassatt in 1890 is a great
example of Impressionist art. This painting embraces the impressionism style with
noticeable brushstrokes and emphasis on the different amount of changing light and
dark throughout the painting. The painting uses a majority of low values in the center
of the image, and higher values around the outside and in the corners. The child
appears to be the focus of the painting because he/she is more detailed than the
mother is. However, the mother is still more detailed than the entire background of
the painting. This is a marvelous painting that gives an evidence that Mary Cassatt
elevates this small vignette of modern life into a homage to motherhood.
84
TEXT 6
Before You Read
How can you describe B. Morisot with the help of this
photograph? Try to guess what kind of a person she was.
85
Berthe Morisot SUMMER'S
DAY, 1879. Oil on canvas,
(45.7 * 75.2 cm). National
Gallery, London. Lane
Bequest, 1917
daughter in 1879. Morisot sent nine paintings to the first exhibition of the
Impressionists in 1874. She showed her work in all but one of their
subsequent shows.
As a respectable bourgeois lady,
Berthe Morisot was not free to prowl
the city looking for modern subjects.
Like Cassatt’s, her painting was
confined to depictions of women’s
lives, a subject she knew well. In the
1870s, she painted in an increasingly
fluid and painterly style. In her oil
painting SUMMER’ S DAY, Morisot
shows two elegant young ladies on a
pleasant outing on the lake of the
fashionable Bois du Boulogne. Unlike
the figures in Manet’s Boating,
Morisot’s women are properly
accompanied by each other. Their ferry is steered by an unseen boatman
who navigates the boat at their behest. First exhibited in the fifth
Impressionist exhibition in 1880, Summer’s Day explores the formal side of
Impressionism. Its brushstrokes and colors are skillfully handled. While
Morisot was unable to comment on modern city life in ways her brother-inlaw might, she nevertheless painted intensely modern pictures [9].
BERTHE MORISOT
The French artist Berthe Morisot (1841-
1895) also defied societal conventions to become
a professional painter. Her work took the female
figure as its main subject. Morisot and her sister,
Edma, copied paintings in the Louvre. They
studied with several teachers, including Corot, in
the late 1850s and early 1860s. The sisters
exhibited their art in five Salons between 1864
and 1868, the year they met Manet. In 1869,
Edma married and gave up painting to devote
herself to domestic duties. However, Berthe
continued painting, even after her 1874 marriage
to Manet’s brother, Eugène, and the birth of their
86
1) defy
2) societal
b) dedicate
3) conventions
c) glamorous
4) devote
d) however (even so)
5) confined
e) traditions
6) explore
f) modern
7) fashionable
g) social
8) depiction
h)restricted
9) comment
i) opine
10) handle
j) challenge
Ex. 1. Coping with Art Terms
This text uses a great number of art terms, your best strategy is to skim
it; skipping over any words, you don’t understand. Write down the
definitions of the following art terms in your own words:
1. Exhibition. This term is very important in the sphere of art. Artists
present their work at them. Impressionists throughout their history of
existence organized nine exhibitions. You can find this information in the text.
Exhibition is …
2. The word Brushstrokes is one of the key terms of Impressionists
movement. This word is often used to show the manner of artists’ painting.
B. Morisot, for example, is known to have skillfully handled her
brushstrokes. This information is presented in the text.
Brushstrokes are …
3. Depiction. The derivatives of this word are to depict, depicting. It is
an important term in the sphere of art.
Depiction is …
Ex. 2. Match the English words in the left-hand column with their
synonyms in the right-hand column:
87
Ex. 3. Study the following word combinations and memorize them:
to defy societal conventions
бросать вызов общественным
устоям
to copy paintings in the Louvre
копировать изображения картин в
Лувре
to give up painting
бросить заниматься рисованием
(живописью)
to devote oneself to domestic
duties
посвятить себя домашним
обязанностям
to show one’s work in all but one
of their subsequent shows
представлять свои работы на всех
последующих выставках, кроме
последней
to prowl the city looking for
modern subjects
бродить по городу в поисках
современных сюжетов
to be confined to depictions of
women’s lives
ограничиваться изображением
сюжетов из жизни женщин
to paint in an increasingly fluid and
painterly style
рисовать исключительно в
плавном живописном стиле
to be at one’s behest
быть в чьем-либо распоряжении
to explore the formal side of
Impressionism
вскрывать формальную сторону
Импрессионизма
Ex. 4. Write out the sentences with the Infinitive from the text,
state its syntactic functions and comment on the peculiarities of their
translation.
Ex. 5. Translate the following sentences with Conditional Clauses
of Type 1:
1. If I have free time, I will go to the State Tretyakov Gallery.
2. We will visit Museum d’Orsay if we have such an opportunity.
3. I will tell you about this French artist if you find out to learn some
interesting things about his life.
4. If the reproductions of Edgar Degas’ works are presented at the
exhibition, I will buy them.
5. If I have enough time, I will visit the exhibition of Impressionists.
6. If you look at the girl portrayed in the painting, you will see her
childish smile.
88
7. If we look at the bottle in A Bar at the Folies-Bergère, we will
1. Berthe Morisot did not defy societal conventions.
T F 2. Her work took the male figure as its main subject.
T
F
3. Morisot and her sister, Marie, copied paintings in the
Louvre.
T
F
4. Morisot sent nine paintings to the first exhibition of
the Impressionists in 1874.
T
F
5. Berthe Morisot prowled the city looking for modern
subjects.
T
F
6. In her oil painting Sumer’s Day, Morisot shows three
elegant young ladies on a pleasant outing
T
F
notice a specific treatment of detail.
8. If we look at the pastel A Dancer on the Stage, we will see a ballet
dancer almost floating into the brilliant light of the stage from the
obscurity of the wings.
9. If we take a look at the painting Mother and Child by M. Cassatt,
we will feel the intimate contact between a mother and her little
child.
10. If we take a closer look at The Moulin de la Galette, we will see a
marvelous tissue of interwoven sunlight and soft hazy blue.
Ex. 6. Read the following fragment of the text about Morisot’s
painting Summer’s Day. Insert an appropriate preposition where it is
needed. Translate it into Russian:
… this, perhaps her most famous painting, Berthe Morisot captures
two apparently middle-class ladies … a moment … quiet thought. (The
women have not been identified and probably are models who posed …
Morisot.) They float lazily … a boat … the lake … the Bois de Boulogne, a
large, wooded park … the edge of Paris. Morisot painted them as if she were
sitting next … them, and well she might since the fashionable Bois was not
far … her home.
Intrigued … the play … light .. her subjects, Morisot painted the
swans, the reflections … the lake, and the ladies themselves in the quick,
zigzag brushstrokes … which she is known.
Ex. 7. Say whether the following statements are true (T) or false
(F), and if they are false, say why:
89
Ex. 8.Answer the following questions:
Edgar Degas PORTRAIT OF
MARY CASSATT
1880-1884. Oil on canvas,
(71.4 * 58.7 cm). National
Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, D.C.
1. What did Berthe Morisot defy to become professional artist?
2. What did her work take at its main subject?
3. What happened in the period between 1864 and 1868?
4. Why did Edma give up painting?
5. Did she exhibit her work in all shows?
6. What was her painting confined to?
7. What is depicted in her oil painting Summer’s Day?
8. When was this picture first exhibited?
9. What does this picture explore?
Ex. 9. Write a small abstract to the text using the phrases that are
given on pages 47–48.
TEXT 7
Read the following text and do the exercises given after it:
DEGAS’ PORTRAIT OF MARY CASSATT
It is very different from Degas’
ballet pictures. It shows Cassatt as an
uncharacteristically strong, intense, and
intelligent woman for her time. She leans
forward in her chair as if to engage the
viewer in conversation in the midst of
playing cards. Cassatt carved out a career for
herself painting in a radical style. She
earned the respect of artists like Degas at a
time when such professionalism in women
was frowned upon. In this portrait, Degas
shows Cassatt’s sharp intellect, something
he rarely revealed in other paintings of
women [9].
90
Ex. 1. Vocabulary in Context
1. What does “viewer” mean?
b) The program attracts millions of viewers every week.
c) The exhibit was surrounded by a large crowd of viewers.
2. What does “earn” mean?
a) You have to earn your employees’ respect.
b) He deservedly earned the tremendous esteem.
3. What does “intense” mean?
a) He was a very earnest and intense young man, whose character
was in keeping with his guitar playing.
b) He was an intense young man who was very determined to do
well in school.
4. What does “radical” mean”?
a) The city is known for its radical approach to transport policy.
b) He surprised us all with his radical views.
5. What does “sharp” mean?
a) His self-awareness is acute and his sense of humour is sharp.
b) His old mind was not so sharp as it once was.
6. What does “reveal” mean?
a) She would not reveal the secret.
b) The expression on his face revealed how he felt.
7. What does “midst” mean?
a) Nobody recognized the stranger in their midst.
b) From his vantage point in the midst of it, the watchman looked
around him in despair.
8. What does “uncharacteristically” mean?
a) He has been uncharacteristically silent.
b) Jane sounded uncharacteristically subdued.
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