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Файл:Английский язык для филологов. Учебное пособие
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101
7) photograph
g) a representation in painting or sculpture,
especially of the human form
8) figure
h) a person or thing that is shown in a photograph,
painting, or piece of art
to be involved in organizing
several Impressionist exhibitions
быть вовлеченным в организацию
нескольких выставок
импрессионистов
to amass a large collection of
paintings
собирать большую коллекцию
картин
to study with an academic teacher
privately
брать частные уроки у
преподавателя
to be fascinated by the streets of
Paris
быть очарованным улицами
Парижа
a modernized street plan
план реконструированной улицы
to represent modern life
представлять современную жизнь
to have an unconventional, almost
telescopic composition
обладать нетрадиционной, почти
телескопической композицией
to be huddled under umbrellas
съежиться (прижаться) под
зонтиками
to be cropped in half
быть наполовину обрезанным
to be squeezed
быть зажатым (втиснутым)
Ex. 2. Study the following word combinations and memorize them:
Ex. 3. Read the following fragment of the text that says the
modern life was also in the thematic focus of C. Monet. Insert an
appropriate preposition where it is needed:
Like other Impressionists, he was more interested … creating a
modern painting style than … producing biting social commentary. Still,
modern life was also his thematic. The Impressionists celebrated the semi-
rural pleasures … outings … the suburbs owing to the Paris train system.
Few early works depict locations far … Paris. Most feature the Parisian
middle and upper middle classes out walking, boating, and visiting the
fashionable new parks … the city or … places just outside … town.
Ex. 4. Understanding the Text
Answer as many questions as you can without looking at the text.
Discuss your answers with a partner:
102
1. Gustave Caillebotte was a friend of
b) Degas
c) Monet
d) Manet
e) Cassatt
2. Caillebotte studied with
a) Monet
b) Renoir
c) an Italian teacher
d) an academic teacher
3. He purchased the work of his friends, amassing a large collection of
a) drawings
b) paintings
c) Portraits
d) prints
4. Caillebotte was fascinated by the streets of
a) London
b) Paris
c) Bougival
d) Vienna
5. His subjects and compositions characteristically represent
a) rural life
b) city life
c) modern life
d) his own life
Ex. 5. Answer the following questions:
1. Whose friend was Gustave Caillebotte?
2. What do his subjects and compositions characteristically represent?
3. What composition does his picture Paris Street, Rainy Day have?
4. What seems to be the subject of this painting?
5. Who are depicted in the picture?
103
Ex. 6. Paraphrasing
Show that you have grasped the following ideas of the representative
of functionalism by restating them in your own words. Try to express each
idea as clearly and concisely as possible:
Original: He also purchased the work of his friends, amassing a large
collection of paintings.
Sample Paraphrasing: He bought paintings of his friendsImpressionists and owned a large collection.
1. Gustave Caillebotte, a friend of Degas, was involved in
organizing several Impressionist exhibitions.
2. His subjects and compositions characteristically represent modern life.
3. He studied with an academic teacher privately and qualified for
the École des Beaux-Arts, but never attended.
4. The people are huddled under umbrellas or pushed to the sides of
the composition.
5. The figure to the far right is even cropped in half, as in a
photograph.
Ex. 7. Read the following details about G. Caillebotte's best-known
work, Paris Street: Rainy Day and write in your own words the main
idea of the fragment (about 3-5 sentences):
In the 1870s, an emperor and a baron undertook the remaking of Paris.
Napoleon III and Baron Georges-Eugene Haussmann's urban renewal
project converted clusters of medieval warrens into the Paris we know
today, with its grand boulevards and rows of handsome buildings.
Impressionist painters showed that new Paris on their canvases – but one of
them had a very different perspective.
Gustave Caillebotte's best-known work, Paris Street: Rainy Day,
painted in 1877, shows a vast cobblestone street, stretching out in front of
looming, wedge-shaped buildings. The street is dotted with dark umbrellas
that shelter top-hatted men, and women in long skirts – all looking vague
and a little disoriented. That was a major subject of Caillebotte's: What the
modernization of Paris was doing to its people.
104
Still Life with Flowers and Fruit, 1869.
Oil on canvas. 100 x 80.7 cm. At top
right, signed Claude Monet
The J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu, CA
§ 5. STILL LIFES
TEXT 1
Before You Read
Do you know what does French word “Nature Morte” mean?
How is it translated into Russian?
STILL LIFE WITH FLOWERS AND FRUIT BY MONET
The Impressionist movement was concerned above all with
atmosphere and light and their effects on the perception of color and form.
Its members in general eschewed the social themes often taken up by
Courbet and other French artists. Thus, although Monet and Courbet knew
and admired each other's work, they were clearly products of different
generations. Monet's style may have excited controversy, but his subject
matter did not. The Museum's Still Life with Flowers and Fruit was created
in 1869 in the town of Bougival just outside Paris. Monet spent the summer
and autumn of the year in that lovely
resort town. This town was famous
for the crowds of artists it attracted.
While there, he was in regular
contact with Pissarro and Renoir.
Monet and Renoir often painted in
each other's company. They created
a series of pictures of the same
subjects. Their famous views of La
Grenouillere, a popular restaurant on
the Seine, were painted at this time.
Renoir also depicted the
arrangement of flowers and fruit
seen in the Museum's painting. The
two artists probably worked side by
side, perhaps in Monet's studio.
Renoir's painting (now in the
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston) is somewhat smaller and less complex than
Monet's. Carefully structured and composed, Monet's picture leaves a
certain amount of empty space, which suggests the depth of the scene. The
105
light is subdued, but the color is not, making this one of his strongest still
lifes. The paint is applied in thick strokes. The surface reflects a significant
amount of reworking. It is an indication that the artist devoted more than the
usual amount of time to its resolution. The principles of Impressionism were
best demonstrated in paintings of the fields, rivers, and towns of the region
immediately surrounding Paris. Followers of the movement were
comparatively uneasy working indoors. As a consequence, Monet and his
fellow Impressionists painted relatively few still lifes. However, artists such
as Cezanne and Gauguin would come to treat this subject matter seriously
just a short time later. Monet's work in this field would influence the
evolution of their painting [7].
Ex. 1. Coping with Art Terms
This text uses a great number of art terms. Skim it; skipping over any
words, you don’t understand. Write down the definitions of the following art
terms in your own words:
1. Still life. This term is very important in the sphere of art. It is a key
word of this text. It can be a painting or drawing. Impressionists
unfortunately painted few still lifes.
Still life is …
2. The word arrangement is one of the key terms of art. This word
can be used in the definition of the essence of a still life. Its English
synonym is the word Composition.
Arrangement …
3. Space. The problem of space has been attracting scholars and
scientists for many years. This term is frequently used in the sphere of art.
Space is …
106
Ex. 2. Match the English words in the left-hand column with their
1) eschew
a) progress
2) controversy
b) avoid
3) attract
c) show
4) evolution
d) relatively
5) influence
e) low-key
6) follower
f) dispute
7) subdued
g) maybe
8) comparatively
h) fascinate
9) perhaps
i) affect
10) demonstrate
j) representative
Verb
Noun
Adjective
paint
exhibition
describe
fleeting
participate
unfinished
attention
determined
review
render
synonyms in the right-hand column:
Ex. 3. Fill in the columns with the proper derivatives of the
following words whenever possible:
107
Ex. 4. Study the following word combinations and memorize them:
to eschew the social themes
избегать (сторониться)
социальных тем
perception of color and form
восприятие цвета и формы
to excite controversy
вызывать спор (полемику);
являться поводом для спора
(полемики)
the arrangement of flowers and
fruit
композиция из цветов и фруктов
to work side by side
работать бок о бок
to be subdued (about the light)
быть приглушенным (о свете)
to apply the paint in thick strokes
наносить краску жирными
мазками
subject matter
тема; предмет изображения
members of the movement
члены (представители)
направления
a significant amount of reworking
значительное количество
исправлений
1. Members of the Impressionist Movement in general
eschewed the social themes often taken up by Courbet
and other French artists.
T
F
2. Although Monet and Courbet knew and admired each
other's work, they were clearly products of different
generations.
T
F
3. The Museum's Still Life with Flowers and Fruit was
created in 1864 in Paris.
T
F
4. This town was famous for the crowds of actors it
attracted.
T
F
5. La Grenouillere is a popular dance hall on the Seine
T
F
6. Monet and his fellow Impressionists painted many
different still lifes.
T
F
Ex. 5. Write out from the text the sentences containing adjectives
in the Positive, Comparative, and Superlative Degrees of Comparison
and translate them into Russian. Comment on the peculiarities of their
translation.
Ex. 6. Say whether the following statements are true (T) or false
(F), and if they are false, say why:
108
Ex. 7. Answer the following questions:
1. With what above all was the Impressionist movement concerned?
2. Did Monet’s subject matter excite controversy?
3. When and where was the Museum's Still Life with Flowers and
Fruit created?
4. Where did Monet spend the summer and autumn of 1869?
5. What was Bougival famous for?
6. What is the name of the popular restaurant on the Seine?
7. How can you describe Renoir's painting (now in the Museum of
Fine Arts, Boston)?
8. What does Monet’s picture leave?
9. How is the paint applied in this still life?
10. What does the surface reflect?
11. Where were the principles of Impressionism best demonstrated?
12. Why did Monet and his fellow Impressionists paint relatively few
still lifes?
Ex. 8. Select any of the presented below reproductions of the
paintings and discuss it in a group according to the points that are given
on page 38:
109
a)
Still life with Apples by Pierre-Auguste Renoir; Oil on Canvas; 17 x 28 cm, Private Collection
b)
Dancer (Still life) by Edgar Degas, Oil on Panel, 20 x 16 cm, Private Collection
110
UNIT IV. TEST YOURSELF
1) Claude Monet
a) He rejected the academic ideal of
the mythical or historical subject, and
instead sought his figures in modern
situations, such as at the ballet. He also
painted racing scenes. This artist was
significantly influenced by Japanese
prints.
2) Pierre-Auguste Renoir
b) He was among the leaders of the French
Impressionist movement of the 1870s and
1880s. His 1873 painting Impression,
Sunrise gave the style its name.
3) Camille Pissarro
c) He is the only painter to exhibit in
all eight Impressionist exhibitions. He
became a pivotal artist and mentor
within the movement. This artist
covered his canvases with images of
the day-to-day life of French peasants.
4) Alfred Sisley
d) Born into a wealthy family, this
artist trained to be an engineer but
became interested in painting and
studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in
Paris. His best-known work is Paris
Street: Rainy Day.
DO YOU KNOW THESE ARTISTS?
1. Match the names of the famous Impressionists in the left-hand
column with the fragments of their biography in the right-hand
column:
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