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Файл:Английский язык для инженеров мехатроники. English for mechatronics engineers. Учебное пособие
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Food Industry – 3D Food Printing: An interesting application of machine elements is in 3D food printers. They extrude food materials layer by
layer using a pneumatic pump, controlled by a series of gears. Layer height
and width are adjusted by lead screws, while an electronic control system
manages the movement and deposition of the food.
Entertainment – Virtual Reality: Machine elements are also shaping
the virtual reality sphere. VR controllers detect movement via accelerometers
and gyros, while small motors enable haptic feedback, providing users with a
sense of touch in the virtual world.
Exploring these innovative and unconventional uses of machine elements
shows the flexibility and adaptability they offer. It truly reflects the creativity
and innovation made possible with these fundamental elements of engineering design. In the hands of bright minds, the potential applications of machine
elements are virtually limitless. They occasionally break free from their traditional mould and venture into realms unthought of – from setting foot on
Mars to crafting gourmet meals, from aiding the differently-abled to creating
immersive gaming experiences – the spectrum is boundless and continues to
imagine and innovate.
12. Read the text and translate it into Russian. Fill in the glossary.
word translation
intricate machines
1
contribute to the efficient operation
2
execute a broad spectrum of functions
3
to be classed into categories
4
force transmission
5
according to the necessity
6
fastening
7
torque
8
a multitude of applications
9
in a nutshell
10
proper performance
11
engine bearings
12
pivotal machine element
13
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to ensure safe operation
14
wind turbine
15
elegant example
16
to be managed and enhanced by
17.
to underscore the role
18.
Machine Elements Functions and their Role in Engineering
Ever wondered how intricate machines like automobiles, robots perform
their tasks so smoothly? It's all due to the harmonious work of a series of
different machine elements. Each machine element has a specific function to
carry out, contributing to the efficient operation of the machinery as a whole.
The main Functions of Machine Elements in Design Engineering
In Design Engineering, a vast number of machine elements are frequently
employed to execute a broad spectrum of functions. These functions can be
classed into categories like motion, force transmission, fastening, and protection.
Motion: This refers to the purpose of controlling or managing the movement within a system. Machine elements like bearings, shafts, and gears are
pivotal in manipulating the motion in machines according to necessity.
Force Transmission: It mainly deals with the transmission of forces from
one part to another. Utilising elements like belts, chains, springs, and couplings, engineers transmit, store, or adjust forces for a multitude of applications.
Fastening: This covers the task of securely connecting various parts of
the machine. Machine elements like screws, nuts, bolts, pins, and rivets are
deployed for this role. They safely endure the forces and torques which the
machine parts are subjected to, ensuring the machine holds together safely
and operates optimally.
Protection: This involves safeguarding other components or the machine
as a whole from adverse environmental influences. Protective Machine elements include seals, gaskets, and guards. These elements protect against dust,
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corrosion, high temperatures, and prevent leakage to ensure long term, reliable operation.
In a nutshell, the proper performance of Design Engineering functions is
greatly dependent on the rightly selected machine elements. Streamlined motion, secure fastening, effective force transmission, or dependable protection –
each function is significant in its own right to pull off the machine's ideal
operation.
Case Studies: How Machine Elements Functions are applied
To better appreciate the role and importance of machine elements functions, let's dive into a couple of case studies, each highlighting the application
in a different scenario.
Case Study 1 – Automobile Engine: How does an automobile engine
function? A critical component of an automobile, the engine relies on a plethora of machine elements performing their assigned tasks. The pistons transmit
force through the connecting rod to the crankshaft. With every stroke, the
crankshaft, a vital shaft machine element, changes the pistons' linear motion
to rotation. This rotation is slowed down and its torque enhanced through a
successive application of gear pairs, another pivotal machine element. At each
stage, Engine Bearings reduce friction and provide smooth, easy motion. Fasteners like screws and bolts hold these parts together securely, ensuring the
safe operation of the engine throughout.
Case Study 2 – Wind Turbine: A modern wind turbine is another elegant
example where machine elements play a pivotal role. When the wind propels
the turbine's blades, a low-speed shaft is set in motion. This motion is managed and enhanced by a series of gears, which increase the speed and subsequently feed a high-speed shaft. This shaft then drives a generator, converting
the mechanical energy into electrical power. Throughout this process, bearings provide unhindered motion, while seals and gaskets protect the machine
elements from corrosion and dust. Fasteners, again, play their role by holding
everything together reliably.
These case studies, among numerous others, underscore the essential role
that machine elements and their associated functions play in engineering.
From handling motion and forces, securing parts together, or even protecting
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the machinery from external elements - the importance of machine elements
and their functions can't be overstated. They make the unity of sophisticated
machines possible. Undeniably, understanding these functions is harnessing
the true potential of these machine elements.
WRITINGS
13. Write the summary of the text “PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
OF MACHINE ELEMENTS IN DESIGN ENGINEERING”.
14. Write the summary of the text “MACHINE ELEMENTS FUCN-
TIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN ENGINEERING”.
SPEAKING
15. Speak about Machine Elements.
16. Speak about Design Fundamentals of Machine Elements.
17. Speak about practical applications of machine elements in design
engineering.
18. Speak about the functions of Machine Elements and their role in
Mechanical Engineering
18. Get ready with the presentation about the profession of a Mecha-
tronics Engineer.
19. Get ready with the presentation “MACHINE ELEMENTS and
their Functions in Mechanical Engineering”. Use the information given
in the previous units.
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СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
1. http://journal-niss.ru/journal/archive/26/paper8.pdf
2. microcontrollerslab.com›embedded-systems-medical-…
3. Кипнис И. Ю. Computer Mechatronics : учебно-методическое пособие /
И. Ю. Кипнис, Ю. В. Безнис, С. А. Хоменко. – Минск : БНТУ, 2015. – 116 с.
ISBN 978-985-550-293-8.
4. https://www.careerexplorer.com/careers/mechatronics-engineer/
5. https://www.ecpi.edu/blog/the-future-of-mechatronics-engineering-technology
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CONTENTS
Unit 1. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND DEFINITION
OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEM ............................................................................... 3
Unit 2. APPROACHES TO IMPLEMENTATION BEFORE YOU READ ........... 19
Unit 3. THE MECHATRONIC SYSTEM BEFORE YOU READ ......................... 35
Unit 4. MACHINE ELEMENTS AND DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS ................. 65
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Никрошкина Софья Васильевна
Атабаева Лола Шарифовна
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
ДЛЯ ИНЖЕНЕРОВ МЕХАТРОНИКИ
ENGLISH FOR MECHATRONICS
Учебное пособие
Выпускающий редактор И.П. Брованова
Дизайн обложки А.В. Ладыжская
Компьютерная верстка Л.А. Веселовская
Налоговая льгота – Общероссийский классификатор продукции
Издание соответствует коду 95 3000 ОК 005-93 (ОКП)
_________________________________________________________________________________
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Отпечатано в
Новосибирского государственного технического университета
630073, г. Новосибирск, пр. К. Маркса, 20
ENGINEERS
типографии
87
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