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Файл:Functional English for university students (for economists and managers). Учебное пособие
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Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
высшего образования
«Оренбургский государственный университет»
О.В. Стрижкова, Н.В. Стренева
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH FOR UNIVERSITY
STUDENTS (FOR ECONOMISTS AND
MANAGERS)
Учебное пособие
Рекомендовано ученым советом федерального государственного бюджетного
образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Оренбургский
государственный университет» для обучающихся по образовательным программам
высшего образования по специальности 38.03.01 Экономика, 38.03.02 Менеджмент
Оренбург
2024
УДК 811.111 (075.8)
ББК 81.432.1я73
С85
Рецензент – доцент, доктор педагогических наук В.В. Мороз
С85
Стрижкова, О.В.
Functional English for university students (for economists and managers):
[электронный ресурс]: учебное пособие / О.В. Стрижкова,
Н.В. Стренева; Оренбургский гос. ун-т. – Электрон. текстовые дан. (1
файл: 1,6 Мб). Оренбург: ОГУ, 2024. – 1 электрон. опт. диск (CD–R):
зв., цв.; 12 см. – Системные требования: Intel Core или аналогич.;
Microsoft Windows 7, 8, 10; 512 Mб; монитор, поддерживающий
режим 1024х768; мышь или аналогич. устройство. – Загл. с этикетки
диска.
ISBN 978-5-7410-3182-7
В учебном пособии представлены 9 тематических разделов,
предлагающих аутентичные материалы на языке оригинала и комплекс
упражнений, направленных на расширение лексического запаса
студентов, на развитие навыков аудирования, речевого общения, письма.
Пособие предназначено для организации аудиторной и самостоятельной
работы обучающихся первого и второго курсов по направлению
подготовки 38.03.01 Экономика, 38.03.02 Менеджмент, изучающих
английский язык.
УДК 811.111 (075.8)
ББК 81.432.1я73
ISBN 978-5-7410-3182-7
© Стрижкова О.В.,
Стренева Н. В., 2024
© ОГУ, 2024
3
Содержание
Introduction ................................................................................................................... 4
1 Unit 1 First impressions ............................................................................................. 5
2 Unit 2 Business ethics ............................................................................................. 13
3 Unit 3 Three sectors of economy ................................................................................ 36
4 Unit 4 Different kinds of companies ........................................................................ 43
5 Unit 5 Company organization ................................................................................. 52
6 Unit 6 Work and motivation ................................................................................... 62
7 Unit 7 Management .................................................................................................. 72
8 Unit 8 Meetings ........................................................................................................ 81
9 Unit 9 Additional texts ............................................................................................. 90
Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 96
Приложение А Answers to the culture quiz on page 53............................................ 97
Приложение Б Grammar exercises for training grammar rules ................................ 98
4
Introduction
Данное учебное пособие было разработано для обеспечения аудиторной и
самостоятельной работы студентов – бакалавров по направлению 38.03.01
Экономика, 38.03.02 Менеджмент в рамках освоения дисциплины
«Иностранный язык».
Целью пособия является обучение практическому владению
иностранным языком на уровне бытового, профессионального, делового и
межличностного общения (УК-4), в рамках осуществления коммуникации и
межкультурного взаимодействия по общим темам и в соответствии с
направлением подготовки, а также систематизированная активизация и
развитие навыков устной речи, коммуникации в условиях общения на
иностранном языке, оптимизация навыков письменного общения, освоения
новой лексики и возможности ее использования в профессиональной
деятельности. Текстовый материал пособия заимствован из оригинальной
литературы на английском языке, расположен в определенной логической
последовательности, позволяет осуществлять целенаправленное формирование
языковых, речевых навыков и умений посредством системы заданий.
Пособие состоит из девяти глав. Каждый раздел состоит из аутентичного
текста, заданий и упражнений на отработку вокабуляра, чтения, письма.
Данные виды работ будут способствовать углублению ранее полученных
знаний и умений в языковых аспектах и во всех видах речевой деятельности
(чтение, аудирование, говорение, письмо) в рамках бытовых, деловых,
общекультурных тем и по направлению подготовки; формированию (и/или
совершенствованию ранее полученного) опыта осуществления коммуникации в
устной и письменной формах на русском и иностранном языках для решения
задач межличностного и межкультурного взаимодействия, а также стимуляции
познавательной деятельности обучающихся, успешному закреплению
полученных знаний, развитию творческой активности.
5
1 Unit 1 First impressions
1.1 Read the article and try to fill the gaps, using the words
Look, impression, listen, 38, 10, speak, friendly, distance, away, behaves,
clothes, right.
According to psychologists, people form first impressions based first on how
you look, then on how you ____________, and finally on what you say.
Your physical appearance – how you ____________ makes up 55% of a first
impression. This includes facial expressions, body language, and eye contact, as well
as ____________ and general appearance.
The way you sound makes up ____________ % of the first impression. This
includes how fast or slowly, loudly or softly you ____________, and your tone of
voice. People listen to your tone of voice and decide whether you sound
____________ or unfriendly, interested or bored, and happy or sad. What you say –
the actual words you use – counts for only 7% of the message.
People form their first impressions within ____________ seconds of meeting
you. And first impressions don’t change easily. If someone gets the wrong impression
of you, it can take a long time to change his or her mind.
Sometimes it is hard to make sure that you always give a ____________ first
impression. One problem is that in different parts of the world, the same behavior
may give people a different ____________. In some countries, looking directly at
someone is polite. It shows you are alert and confident. In other countries, looking
directly at someone is considered aggressive. It is more polite to look ____________.
Standing close to someone is considered friendly and supportive in some countries. In
other, you are expected to keep your ____________.
Giving a good first impression depends on many things. Everyone
____________ in different ways, but when you’re not sure you’re giving a good
impression, the best thing to do is ask yourself, “What would I think of someone who
acted this way?”
6
1.2 Match the verbs and nouns; make up your own sentences on the topic
of discussion
1.3 Put a check next to your answers
1 If somebody told a funny story about you to a group of people at a party,
how would you feel?
_____ embarrassed _____offended
2 When participating in a conversation with a group of people, how do you
tend to behave?
_____ passively _____ assertively
3 If a dinner guest told you that you were a wonderful cook, how would you
feel?
_____ encouraged _____ proud
4 You’ve started a new topic with your English training class. The subject
you’re going to study is very interesting to you, but there’s going to be a lot of
homework to do. How would you find your situation?
_____ tedious _____ exciting
1 express
a eye contact
2 pay
b a message
3 hold
c your head
4 impress
d a question
5 make
e an opinion
6 fold
f a rule
7 achieve
g your arms
8 send
h a compliment
9 nod
i an answer
10 ask
j a conversation
11 follow
k other people
12 give
l a result
7
5 How do you find listening to music while studying?
_____ comforting _____ distracting
6 Which type of person would you have trouble talking to?
_____ an ingratiating one _____ a self – absorbed one
1.4 Make polite requests using the phrases given below
1 You want to use your friend’s computer.
Could I __________________________________________________________
2 You want to borrow $20.
Would you be able _________________________________________________
3 You want someone to type a letter for you.
I wonder if you’d mind _______________________________________________
4 You want to use a friend’s phone.
Would it be OK _____________________________________________
1.5 Choose the correct words to complete these sentences
1 He has such an ___________________ face. He couldn’t have done
something so awful. (adventurous/inexperienced/innocent)
2 The little boy’s ___________________ behavior often gets him into trouble,
but he’s so cute even when he’s bad. (mischievous/active/supportive)
3 She is very ___________________ person; she would never do anything
stupid like that. (frank/sensible/supportive)
4 The director of the company likes me, but she is getting someone else for the
job because she thinks that I am too ___________________.
(generous/responsible/inexperienced)
5 He donated one million dollars to our city’s art museum. What a
___________________ gesture. (frank/generous/responsible)
6 I suppose there’s one advantage to growing up with ___________________
parents: you learn how to follow the rules. (active/patient/strict)
8
7 My grandmother is 74 years old, but she still maintains an
___________________ lifestyle: she walks a mile every day before breakfast and
swims on the weekend. (responsible/sensible/active)
8 When you’re annoyed by a problem at work, it’s best to be
___________________ and look for a solution rather than get angry.
(innocent/patient/frank)
9 She’s wanted to go mountain climbing since she was a little girl. She’s
always had an ___________________ nature. (adventurous/mischievous/innocent)
1.6 Reading
Successful small talk
1 Read the first paragraph of the article
a) Which action would you choose?
b) Do you know people who are good conversationalists?
c) What is small talk?
2 Look at the seven headings from the article
a) What advice do you think will be under each heading?
b) Look quickly at the article and write the paragraph headings in the correct
place:
pay compliments;
turn the spotlight on others;
keep it light;
silence your inner critic;
use friendly body language;
start with the obvious;
pay attention.
3 Read the article again. Why should or shouldn’t you
try to impress people?
9
only talk about important things?
pay compliments?
stand with your arms folded?
ask questions?
think about what you’re going to say next?
ask people about their personal problems?
express your opinions forcefully?
4 Imagine you are strangers at a party
a) Find a partner. Talk to him/her for five minutes. Try ideas from the article.
b) Move on and talk to another partner.
c) Were you able to apply some of the rules?
5 The article is written for a British or American audience
a) How appropriate is the advice to your culture?
b) Discuss these questions with regard to your culture.
1) Who should start conversations?
2) Is it acceptable to talk to strangers?
3) What things should or shouldn’t you talk about?
4) Is it acceptable to maintain eye contact with someone you are talking to?
5) Is it polite to disagree with someone publicly?
5 Write some advice for conducting polite conversations in your culture
a) Include details about:
topics that strangers usually talk about;
topics to avoid;
any conventions for who normally speaks first;
any rules about body language, e.g. touching, shaking hands, eye contact;
b) Give your advice to other students to read.
10
1.7 Read the text and do the exercises, given above
You’re at a cocktail party. There are lots of people there, but there’s
nobody that you know. What do you do?
a) Turn around and leave.
b) Walk up to someone and introduce yourself.
c) Wait patiently until somebody comes to talk to you.
d) Try to think of something interesting to say to someone.
The secret of successful small talk.
The good conversationalist would choose b. We all know people like that
people who can talk to anyone about anything. How do they do it? Well, the good
news is that there is no great secret to small talk. There are just some simple
techniques that anyone can use to start a conversation and keep it going.
1______________
In the film Annie Hall, Diane Keaton and Woody Allen have just met and they
want to impress each other. While they are talking their inner thoughts appear in subtitles on the screen. "Listen to me what a jerk.", "He probably thinks I’m stupid."
Thoughts like these kill a conversation. So, don’t try to impress other people, just
relax and be yourself.
2 ________________
When you talk to someone you show that you are interested in them. So, you
don’t have to talk about deeply important things. Just talk about simple things like the
weather or a television programme that you saw last night. If the other person wants
to talk, these obvious things will soon lead into other more interesting topics.
3______________
TV journalist Barbara Walters recalls that when she was younger she met the
author, Truman Capote. She wanted to tell him that she liked his book. However, she
thought that he must be tired of hearing that, so she just mumbled "How do you do?"
and turned away. She forgot that everybody likes to receive a compliment and it’s an
easy way into a conversation, especially if you follow it up with a question: "I really
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