Тесты по английскому языку. Заключительный этап подготовки к централизованному тестированию и экзамену

A35. Прочитайте вопрос. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Which phrase best describes newspapers, radio, TV, and the World

Прочитайте текст и выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию прочитанного текста.

I. Like everyone else in this country, you are an advertising expert. Why not? You have been brought up with advertising. The first words you ever read were probably written on a billboard or the front of a box of cereal. The first sounds you ever heard were probably emanating from a radio or a television set. Before you knew who daddy was, you knew that Wheaties was the breakfast of champions. Before you could tell a Republican from a Democrat, you could tell a Bufferin from a plain aspirin. Naturally, you’re an advertising expert, and as such you know two things for sure.

II. First, you know what you like and what you don’t like. You know which commercials make you laugh, which ones make you giggle, which ones raise a lump in your throat, and which ones bore you to tears. In short, you react emotionally to each one of them and are able instantly to identify these emotions. Indeed, advertising is the art form of the common man, making just about all of us react just about the same way, just about all the time. Preplanned? You bet it is. We know what will make you feel happy or sad or calm or mad. And we elicit those emotions from you through the highly skilled use of this art form called advertising. Yet, they are your emotions, your reactions, and you do know how you feel. And that makes you an expert.

III. The second thing you think you know for sure is the conscious decisions you make concerning products you see advertised. The chances are that you have never made a deliberate decision to buy a product based on an ad you have seen. As a matter of fact, I have heard only quotes to the contrary, ranging from ‘I would never buy a product that I have seen advertised’ to the more basic ‘Come on, who do they think they’re kidding?’ Well, we’re not kidding anyone. It’s you who are kidding yourself. Because every day, in hundreds of ways, we are selling you products on a logical, intellectual, factual basis. And you are being persuaded.

IV. There is a great mythology in America that advertising has, at best, a negligible influence on you. Nothing could be further from the truth.

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Today’s advertising industry is the most potent and powerful mass marketing and merchandising instrument ever devised by man. The truth of it is that advertising can sell you anything.

V. Advertising tells you what to buy, how to buy, and why to buy any particular brand or product. The thing that amazes me is that it continues to work. You’d think that, after all these years of the same old line people would have become immune to it. But not so. You are continually hanged, drawn, and quartered by somebody’s commercial. So the real question is, how come? How come people keep believing? How come you keep buying things you know won’t do they are supposed to do? How come advertising works?

А36. You are an advertising expert as

1)you take part in creating ads;

2)you have been surrounded by advertising all your life;

3)you are smart and perceptive.

А37. You are certain that

1)you would never buy a product which is advertised;

2)it is you who decide which merchandise to buy;

3)all advertising companies are kidding potential customers.

А38. Today’s advertising industry is

1)the most powerful and potent mass industry hypnotizing people;

2)the most negligible way that can influence a purchaser;

3)the most influential way to make you buy anything at all.

А39. The most amazing thing about advertising is that

1)no one knows how it works;

2)people keep believing in it;

3)after all these years of advertising people haven’t developed immunity to it.

Определите значение указанного слова в тексте.

А40. emanate (I)

1) transfer; 2) appear;

3) come from.

А41. negligible (IV)

1) insignificant; 2) influential;

3) harmful.

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Выберите правильный вариант перевода (1, 2 или 3) в соответствии с содержанием текста.

А42. Naturally, you’re an advertising expert, and as such you know two things for sure. (I)

1)Натурально, что вы являетесь рекламным экспертом, и, если так, вы должны точно знать две вещи.

2)Естественно, вы – эксперт по рекламе, и, если так, вы знаете две вещи наверняка.

3)По природе своей, вы – эксперт по рекламе, и, если так, вы должны знать, по крайней мере, две вещи.

Прочитайте текст.

Many sporting organizations only began to understand how valuable commercial sponsorship might be in the last decades of the twentieth century, when individual players and their agents started finding their own sponsors. The organisers of the famous Wimbledon Tennis Tournament, for example, had been paying the sports equipment manufacturer, Slazenger, to supply balls and equipment since 1902. Slazenger had been getting hundreds of thousands of pounds’ worth of free publicity from the live television coverage of the event, but the organisers of the tennis tournament were getting nothing in return. It was only in the 1970s that they realised they could be charging the company for the privilege instead.

Wimbledon also began to put its name on a range of merchandise which it sold to fans including clothing, towels, china and stationery. (A43)…Because of their increased overall income, the organisers of the tournament were able to donate millions to the British Lawn Tennis Association and so help develop the sport in the country where the tournament is held. (A44) …Players have gained financially, with earnings reflecting the true value of their abilities; sports administrators have cashed in on television’s wish to broadcast major events; businesses have gained publicity for their products and found top sports stars willing to promote them, and lastly, the public’s desire to see top matches and wear a range of sporting goods has been satisfied.

(A45)…Top tennis players have to play more and more events across the world. Three-times Wimbledon winner Boris Becker was referring to the top ten players at the end of one exhausting season when he said that everyone was badly injured, or was having a nervous breakdown.

Meanwhile, agents are now signing up potential stars at even earlier ages – some are as young as ten years old. (A46) … Child stars Andrea Jaeger and Tracy Austin were both forced out of the game after receiving

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permanent injuries while still in their teens. At least Austin had earned $5 million before her injury.

(A47) … A sportswear manufacturer might, say, insist that a player it sponsors competes in a minor tournament in its home town. Meanwhile, the demands of television often influence sporting decisions. The timing of major sporting events, such as cup finals, key matches or Olympic events are set to coincide with peak viewing times or to avoid clashes with popular programmes. In 1994, the football World Cup was held in the USA because it was the country which offered the organisers the best commercial opportunities, even though it had no organised football league. US television companies even discussed altering the length of the playing periods in order to get in more advertising. But whatever the arguments, commercialisation has given many sports a higher profile. (A48) …Sometimes, of course, the public finds that these goods are also the most expensive, so they end up paying for the sponsorship anyway. But then, as the saying goes, you pay your money, you take your choice.

Заполните пропуски A43 – A45 одним из предложенных текстовых фрагментов (1–4). Один фрагмент является лишним.

1)Sporting agents believe that the injection of money and commercialism into sport from various sources has helped everybody.

2)But there is a downside: much is demanded of the top stars in return for their high earnings.

3)Many professional athletes earn more with the help of advertising contracts than by actually winning competitions.

4)By 1992, this new business had an annual turnover of over 30 million pounds.

Заполните пропуски А46 – A48 одним из предложенных текстовых фрагментов (1–4). Один фрагмент является лишним.

1)Many loyal local fans also believe that their needs are being ignored in favour of more profitable television audiences.

2)Increased public awareness of sports has, in turn, helped to stimulate demand for certain products.

3)People also complain that sponsors have too much influence on the sport in return for their financial backing

4)Although this may appear harmless, the pressures they face can be intolerable.

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Часть В

Прочитайте текст. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении. Помните, что каждое слово может быть использовано только один раз.

CHILD, MATERIAL, VIEW, DAY, SATISFY, FRUSTRATE

Some TV (B1) … are really worried about the huge amount of advertisements we are (B2) … exposed to. They think that advertisements can cause people to be (B3) … with what they already have and make them want more. Not all parents are in a position to afford the goods which their (B4) … see advertised and want to possess. This often leads to (B5) … . Advertising also creates (B6) … and forces people to place too much importance on material goods.

Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.

Advertising has a lot of positive sides. It (B7) … money for sporting events and artistic performances. (B8) … sponsorship from companies who advertise (B9) … products, these events would disappear due to lack of funding. In (B10)… words advertising promotes cultural and sportive development which is beneficial for the society.

Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках.

В11. Many advertisements are trying to convince consumers that the new goods will change their lives (к лучшему).

В12. I (сыт по горло) with endless beer commercials on TV.

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5 Test 11

THE WORLD OF LITERATURE

Часть А

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

It is summer. A man is (A1) … for a quiet walk. He is walking along a country road minding his own business when he is knocked down and seriously injured (A2) … a minivan. The man, (A3) … writer of thrillers and horror fiction, survives but he becomes obsessed with the vehicle that maimed him. He doesn’t bear (A4) … grudge (A5) … the driver. Instead he buys the minivan and hides it. This sounds like the plot of (A6) … Stephen King thriller, but it is in fact one of the chapters in the writer’s real life. King has recovered from severe injuries and intends to destroy the unfortunate minivan. Similar events happen in his novel Thinner written several years before the accident. In the book the victim’s family puts a curse (A7) … the driver. King, however, demanded only the withdrawal of the driver’s license. As for the minivan, no one knows whether the author will actually carry (A8) … his revenge or he is simply hatching the plot for a new novel!

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Margaret Mitchell (A9) … only one novel Gone with the Wind which was published in 1933. It proved to be such a huge success that Mitchell’s life (A10) … irrevocably. She lost all her privacy and lamented this fact constantly until her death in 1949. The novel which (A11) … into 29 languages and (A12) … more copies than any other book except for the Bible, (A13)… the Pulitzer Prize. Soon the movie based on the novel was made.

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This film (A14) … the record of having been viewed more times than any other movie produced. Throughout her life, Mitchell (A15) … that her main characters, Scarlett and Rhett, or any other of her characters (A16) … biographical in any way. She did have access to family correspondence dating from the time of the American Civil War. It (A17) … only natural that a woman with Margaret Mitchell’s vivid imagination and historical awareness and in possession of a collection of family documents could weave a story that still (A18) …

Прочитайте предложения. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

А19. … you … literature well at school, it … so difficult now to write essays at college.

1)studied, wouldn’t be;

2)had studied, wouldn’t be;

3)had studied, wouldn’t have been;

4)study, won’t be.

А20. That’s strange. I don’t recall … any plays by this author.

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А21. Jerome David Salinger is a dark horse in the literary world: he leads a life of a recluse, his stories are full of symbols and metaphors, due to which he has become a living … author.

А22. They say that three quarters of the books … only to be forgotten.

А23. Literature is the universe that doesn’t stand … .Only the most

А24. Donahue established his reputation as a novelist, … his latest

Укажите номер подчёркнутого фрагмента, в котором допущена ошибка.

А25. That (1) Thomas Hardy used real locations in his novels is disguised (2) by his having altering (3) some of the place names (4).

А26. There is (1) an unresolved controversy as to (2) whom (3) is the real author of the Elizabethan plays commonly credited to (4) William Shakespeare.

Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Fables are traditional short stories that (A27) … moral lessons to their reader. They are a very old genre of narrative and at first were found in oral form. The stories mothers told their children were then handed (A28) … to later generations by word of (A29) … . Aesop was one of the first to turn the stories into their written form. Nearly all fables have talking animals in common, and today this (A30) … is still in (A31) … .

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A32. Определите ряд, в котором не все слова относятся к теме.

1)writer, poet, essayist, playwright;

2)journalist, reporter, columnist, producer;

3)edit, revise, modify, alter.

А33. Выберите ответную реплику, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной реплике-стимулу.

Have you ever tried to read plays?

1)You must be crazy.

2)I couldn’t say.

3)I’m afraid not. I prefer watching them on the stage.

4)I’d better not.

A34. Выберите реплику-стимул, подходящую к предложенной ответной реплике.

That’s one of my favourite authors.

1)What do you think of Tolkien’s books?

2)Can I borrow this novel?

3)Which do you prefer: fantasy or science fiction?

4)I’m sorry. I must have lost your book.

A35. Прочитайте вопрос. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Which of these authors created the popular James Bond character?

1)Agatha Christie;

2)Arthur Conan-Doyle;

3)J.K. Rowling;

4)Ian Fleming.

Прочитайте текст и выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию прочитанного текста.

I. The first thing any practising doctor who also writes gets asked is how he finds the time. A combined career ought, in theory, to be perfectly possible: writers and doctors are both only trained observers. And there is a distinguished list of literary medics. But almost all end up doing one or the other. And if they are any good as writers, the stethoscope takes second place. There never seems to be time to do both properly.

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II. William Carlos Williams, the great Modernist poet, succeeded. Williams, who was born in 1883 and died in 1963 after a series of strokes, was not only a prolific poet, critic, novelist and dramatist, but also a lifelong, full-time general practitioner in Rutherford, New Jersey. Although he could have easily set up a private practice in Manhattan, he chose instead to work in a working class industrial township with many recent immigrants from Italy and Eastern Europe, who spoke little English.

III. His Doctor Stories deal with crises understood by any contemporary inner-city doctor: still birth, autopsy, patients who refuse examination or cannot understand reassurance, never-ending family consultations in broken English, which is a particular test of night-visiting. There is no other writer who deals with how to listen, how to care, how to be there at the moment of physical need. He must have jotted these feelings down on prescription pad or notebook, then transcribed them on his laboratory typewriter, when hammering often awoke his children. «By the time we assemble for breakfast, he had probably already done hour’s stint», recalls his son William.

IV. His tone is laconic. His tenderness is hard-edged, his humanism slightly cynical; best of all, he is never sentimental about the oppressed. And there is sheer quality of his literary work. Williams, whose mother was Puerto Rican was only a second-generation English speaker so he struggled to develop a truly American voice. His innovations were a simple way of writing with no similes and metaphors, using syntax and rhythm based on lung breaths. It produced a wonderful, still woefully underrated body of work, ranging from the long love-poem to the haiku-like poems.

V. Williams is heroic because he was a prophet in his own land, because he reclaimed poetry from European-imitation academics and because he stayed a working doctor – and enjoyed it. «I never felt», he wrote, «that medicine interfered with me but rather that it was my food and drink, the very thing that made it possible to write».

А36. William Carlos Williams is unlike other literary doctors because

1)he enjoyed working as a doctor.

2)he managed to continue both careers throughout his lifetime.

3)his work as a doctor inspired his writing.

А37. The problems that Williams encountered among his patients

1)were typical of the time.

2)exist in similar settings today.

3)were specific to the region where he worked.

А38. William Carlos Williams did his literary work

1) at night; 2) after evening surgery;

3) in the early morning.

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